GNUR 238: Essential Review for Exam 1
Nutrition plays a key role in... - correct answer ✔✔- growth and development
- disease prevention
- medical nutrition therapy
- wellness
primary prevention - correct answer ✔✔prevent development of an illness through risk reduction
secondary prevention - correct answer ✔✔early detection to reduce effects or progression
tertiary prevention - correct answer ✔✔minimize further complications
What is health literacy? What are the factors that impact health literacy? - correct answer ✔✔
health - correct answer ✔✔the merging and balancing of six physical and psycholgical dimensions of
heath:
- physical
- intellectual
- emotional
- social
- spiritual
- environmental
nutrition - correct answer ✔✔the study of essential nutrients and the processes by which nutrients are
used by the body
nutrients - correct answer ✔✔substances in foods required by the body for energy, growth,
maintenance, and repair
,wellness - correct answer ✔✔a lifestyle that enhances our level of health
Healthy People 2020 - correct answer ✔✔vision: a society in which all people live long, healthy lives
mission: to improve health through strengthening policy and practice
What are the tools we use to assess nutritional status of the American population? - correct answer
✔✔NHANES
- dietary intake, medical hx, labs, physical exams
NFCS
- 2 day food records
What are the nutrient categories? - correct answer ✔✔- carbs
- proteins
- lipids (fats)
- vitamins
- minerals
- water
essential vs. nonessential nutrients - correct answer ✔✔essential: cannot be made in sufficient amounts
by the human body and must be obtained from food
nonessential: nutrients body can make
- cholesterol
What are the functions of nutrients? - correct answer ✔✔1) provide energy
2) regulate body processes
,3) aid growth and repair of body tissues
What amount of energy do carbs, proteins, and fats provide? - correct answer ✔✔alcohol provides
7kcal/g but it is empty kcal so it does not count
calorie - correct answer ✔✔amount of heat necessary to raise the temp of a gram of water by 1 degree
C
nutrient density - correct answer ✔✔a measure of the nutrients in a food compared with the energy the
food provides
nutrient dense means a food is high in nutrient content
carbohydrates - correct answer ✔✔- broken down into glucose (all except fiber)
- major source of fuel
- simple: fruits, milks, and sweeteners
- complex: cereals, grains, pastas, fruits, and vegetables
- 4 kcal/g
proteins - correct answer ✔✔- formed from amino acids: 20 amino acids, nine amino acids are essential
- play a role in the structure of bones, muscles, enzymes, hormones, blood, immune system, and cell
membranes
- 4 kcal/g
lipids (fats) - correct answer ✔✔- role in cell structure, production of hormones, cushion organs
- transport fat soluble vitamins A, D, E and K
- essential fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic acid)
- 9 kcal/g
vitamins - correct answer ✔✔- organic compounds
, - not synthesized in the body in adequate amounts to meet normal physiological needs
- needed in small amounts from diet
- deficiency symptoms occur when missing from diet
- indirectly assist other nutrients during digestion, absorption, metabolism, and excretion
- 13 vitamins with a specific function
water soluble: B vitamins and vitamin C
fat soluble: A, D, E, and K
- variety in diet: whole vs processed foods
- cooking techniques are important
- vitamins do not provide energy
minerals - correct answer ✔✔- structural purposes
- present in fluid: nervous system and muscle function
- 16 minerals are essential: major vs trace
- form influences bioavailability, i.e. calcium carbonate vs calcium citrate
- minerals do not provide energy
water - correct answer ✔✔- functions as major part of every tissue in body
- fluid within which substances can break down and reform
- as blood constituent, provides transportation for nutrients
- consume equivalent of 9 to 13 cups water a day
dietary standards - correct answer ✔✔a guide to adequate nutrient intake levels against which to
compare nutrient values of foods consumed
goals:
1. adequacy
Nutrition plays a key role in... - correct answer ✔✔- growth and development
- disease prevention
- medical nutrition therapy
- wellness
primary prevention - correct answer ✔✔prevent development of an illness through risk reduction
secondary prevention - correct answer ✔✔early detection to reduce effects or progression
tertiary prevention - correct answer ✔✔minimize further complications
What is health literacy? What are the factors that impact health literacy? - correct answer ✔✔
health - correct answer ✔✔the merging and balancing of six physical and psycholgical dimensions of
heath:
- physical
- intellectual
- emotional
- social
- spiritual
- environmental
nutrition - correct answer ✔✔the study of essential nutrients and the processes by which nutrients are
used by the body
nutrients - correct answer ✔✔substances in foods required by the body for energy, growth,
maintenance, and repair
,wellness - correct answer ✔✔a lifestyle that enhances our level of health
Healthy People 2020 - correct answer ✔✔vision: a society in which all people live long, healthy lives
mission: to improve health through strengthening policy and practice
What are the tools we use to assess nutritional status of the American population? - correct answer
✔✔NHANES
- dietary intake, medical hx, labs, physical exams
NFCS
- 2 day food records
What are the nutrient categories? - correct answer ✔✔- carbs
- proteins
- lipids (fats)
- vitamins
- minerals
- water
essential vs. nonessential nutrients - correct answer ✔✔essential: cannot be made in sufficient amounts
by the human body and must be obtained from food
nonessential: nutrients body can make
- cholesterol
What are the functions of nutrients? - correct answer ✔✔1) provide energy
2) regulate body processes
,3) aid growth and repair of body tissues
What amount of energy do carbs, proteins, and fats provide? - correct answer ✔✔alcohol provides
7kcal/g but it is empty kcal so it does not count
calorie - correct answer ✔✔amount of heat necessary to raise the temp of a gram of water by 1 degree
C
nutrient density - correct answer ✔✔a measure of the nutrients in a food compared with the energy the
food provides
nutrient dense means a food is high in nutrient content
carbohydrates - correct answer ✔✔- broken down into glucose (all except fiber)
- major source of fuel
- simple: fruits, milks, and sweeteners
- complex: cereals, grains, pastas, fruits, and vegetables
- 4 kcal/g
proteins - correct answer ✔✔- formed from amino acids: 20 amino acids, nine amino acids are essential
- play a role in the structure of bones, muscles, enzymes, hormones, blood, immune system, and cell
membranes
- 4 kcal/g
lipids (fats) - correct answer ✔✔- role in cell structure, production of hormones, cushion organs
- transport fat soluble vitamins A, D, E and K
- essential fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic acid)
- 9 kcal/g
vitamins - correct answer ✔✔- organic compounds
, - not synthesized in the body in adequate amounts to meet normal physiological needs
- needed in small amounts from diet
- deficiency symptoms occur when missing from diet
- indirectly assist other nutrients during digestion, absorption, metabolism, and excretion
- 13 vitamins with a specific function
water soluble: B vitamins and vitamin C
fat soluble: A, D, E, and K
- variety in diet: whole vs processed foods
- cooking techniques are important
- vitamins do not provide energy
minerals - correct answer ✔✔- structural purposes
- present in fluid: nervous system and muscle function
- 16 minerals are essential: major vs trace
- form influences bioavailability, i.e. calcium carbonate vs calcium citrate
- minerals do not provide energy
water - correct answer ✔✔- functions as major part of every tissue in body
- fluid within which substances can break down and reform
- as blood constituent, provides transportation for nutrients
- consume equivalent of 9 to 13 cups water a day
dietary standards - correct answer ✔✔a guide to adequate nutrient intake levels against which to
compare nutrient values of foods consumed
goals:
1. adequacy
