ABFM HYPERTENSION QUESTIONS | TESTED AND PROVEN ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025 100% (GRADE A+)

ABFM HYPERTENSION QUESTIONS | TESTED AND
PROVEN ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025
100% (GRADE A+)
A 39-year-old male sees you for evaluation of high blood pressure. His past medical history is

unremarkable. On examination he has a BMI of 32 kg/m2 and you note that he has a round face

and a plethoric complexion. His blood pressure is 150/98 mm Hg, his pulse rate is 88 beats/min,

and his respiratory rate is 16/min. Other notable findings include a prominent dorsal cervical fat

pad and supraclavicular fat pads, as well as violaceous striae on his trunk. Laboratory findings

are notable only for a fasting glucose level of 114 mg/dL.Which one of the following is the most

likely cause of his hypertension?


Addison's disease


Cushing syndrome


Hemochromatosis


Pheochromocytoma


Primary hyperaldosteronism


Ans>> B




This patient's clinical findings are consistent with Cushing syndrome, or hyperadrenocorticism. This

is a clinical syndrome and metabolic disorder resulting from chronic excess of glucocorticoids. The

most common cause is corticosteroid use, but adrenal neoplasms account for 20%-25% of cases.

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,Findings include general weakness, osteoporosis, moon facies, facial plethora, ecchymoses, truncal

obesity, violaceous striae of the abdomen, deposition of adipose tissue in the interscapular area

("buffalo hump"), and glucose intolerance.




You diagnose stage 2 hypertension in a 54-year-old male. His past medical history is otherwise

unremarkable and a physical examination is notable for mild AV nicking on funduscopic

examination. A baseline EKG reveals evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy.Which one of the

following classes of antihypertensive agents has NOT been shown to produce a regression of left

ventricular hypertrophy?


ACE inhibitors


β-Blockers


Calcium channel blockers


Direct vasodilators


Thiazide diuretics


Ans>> D




In patients with left ventricular hypertrophy, studies have shown a reduction in left ventricular mass

in those treated with ACE inhibitors, diuretics, calcium channel blockers, and β-blockers, with the

most consistent reduction achieved with ACE inhibitors and the least with β-blockers. Regression of

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,left ventricular hypertrophy has not been demonstrated with direct vasodilators such as

hydralazine and minoxidil.




According to currently accepted criteria, hypertension in children is defined as repeated blood

pressure measurements at or above a threshold of which one of the following percentiles for age,

sex, and height?


80th


85th


90th


95th


99th


Ans>> D




In children and adolescents, hypertension is defined as blood pressure at or above the 95th

percentile for age, sex, and height, on repeated measurements.




Which one of the following conditions is associated with isolated systolic hypertension?


Aortic stenosis

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, Hypothyroidism


Paget's disease


Renovascular hypertension


Severe osteoporosis


Ans>> C




Isolated elevation of systolic blood pressure can be secondary to conditions associated with

elevated cardiac output, such as anemia, Paget's disease, hyperthyroidism, arteriovenous fistula,

and aortic insufficiency.




A 59-year-old African-American male with a history of hypercholesterolemia and gout sees you

for a health maintenance visit. A physical examination is notable only for a blood pressure of

144/85 mm Hg.Laboratory FindingsLDL-cholesterol............82 mg/dLHDL-cholesterol............47

mg/dLSerum triglycerides............134 mg/dLLiver panel............normalSerum creatinine............1.7

mg/dL (N 0.7-1.3)Estimated glomerular filtration rate............56 mL/min/1.73 m2Which one of the

following does the JNC 8 panel recommend as initial management of this patient's blood pressure

elevation?




Lifestyle measures only


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