PHAR 100- Module 6 UPDATED Questions
and CORRECT Answers
environmental toxicant - CORRECT ANSWER - a chemical released into the environment
that causes adverse health effects on living organisms
acute toxicity - CORRECT ANSWER - - a single exposure to a chemical
- often (but not always) a large dose
- ex. chemical spill
chronic toxicity - CORRECT ANSWER - - small repeated exposures of a chemical over
time
- ex. eating contaminated food
Common environmental toxins - CORRECT ANSWER - - air pollution
- tobacco smoke
- pesticides
- hebicides
1. Air pollution: 2 categories - CORRECT ANSWER - - particulate matter
- gaseous air pollutants
particulate matter - CORRECT ANSWER - - a mix of tiny particles made up of non-
gaseous pollutants
- can be solid or liquid droplets
- ex. biological materials
gaseous air pollutants - CORRECT ANSWER - major ones that have health hazards:
,- CO2 and CO
- nitrogen oxide and sulphur oxide
- hydrogen sulphide
- ozone
Air pollution: sources of air pollution - CORRECT ANSWER - - natural sources
- anthropogenic air pollutants
sources of air pollution: natural sources - CORRECT ANSWER - - volcanoes
- forest/prairie fires
- dust storms
sources of air pollution: anthropogenic air pollutants - CORRECT ANSWER - MAN
MADE AIR POLLUTANTS
- heating and power
- automobiles
- Industrial processes
anthropogenic air pollutants: heating and power - CORRECT ANSWER - - combustion of
fossil fuels releases CO2, CO, sulphur oxides, and nitrogen oxides
- coal is the biggest contributor to CO2 in the air from humans
anthropogenic air pollutants: automobiles - CORRECT ANSWER - - exhaust releases
smoke, lead particles, CO, and nitrogen oxides
- governments regulated the decrease of emissions by using low/no lead gas
- green vehicles are good
anthropogenic air pollutants: industrial processes - CORRECT ANSWER - - release a
variety of air pollutants (depending on what is being made)
, - ex. acids (sulphuric, acetic), solvents (can dissolve other substances), chlorine and ammonia
gas, metals (copper, lead, zinc)
Human Health and Air pollutants - CORRECT ANSWER - - main health effect of air
pollution is chemical irritation to the respiratory tract
- people especially susceptible to air pollution: young kids, elderly, people with cardiorespiratory
disease (like asthma)
2. tobacco smoke - CORRECT ANSWER - - adverse effects discussed in mod 2, section 3
- environmental tobacco smoke (second hand smoke) is a combo of main stream smoke (the
smoke exhaled) and side stream smoke (smoke from the burning end of a cigarette)
- second hand smoke can cause lung cancer
second hand (environmental) smoke health risks - CORRECT ANSWER - - just as bad for
your health as directly smoking
- can cause lung cancer
- bylaws are put in place to limit the where you can smoke so others aren't involuntarily exposed
to other people
3. Pesticides - CORRECT ANSWER - - they intentionally kill organisms
Pesticides: Insecticides - CORRECT ANSWER - - chemicals used to kill insects, or make
them unable to reproduce or develop mentally
2 types of insecticides - CORRECT ANSWER - - organochlorine insecticides
- organophosphorus insecticides
organochlorine insecticides - CORRECT ANSWER - - work by increasing the sensitive of
neurons and therefore increased CND stimulation that cause tremors and convulsions
- ex. DDT
and CORRECT Answers
environmental toxicant - CORRECT ANSWER - a chemical released into the environment
that causes adverse health effects on living organisms
acute toxicity - CORRECT ANSWER - - a single exposure to a chemical
- often (but not always) a large dose
- ex. chemical spill
chronic toxicity - CORRECT ANSWER - - small repeated exposures of a chemical over
time
- ex. eating contaminated food
Common environmental toxins - CORRECT ANSWER - - air pollution
- tobacco smoke
- pesticides
- hebicides
1. Air pollution: 2 categories - CORRECT ANSWER - - particulate matter
- gaseous air pollutants
particulate matter - CORRECT ANSWER - - a mix of tiny particles made up of non-
gaseous pollutants
- can be solid or liquid droplets
- ex. biological materials
gaseous air pollutants - CORRECT ANSWER - major ones that have health hazards:
,- CO2 and CO
- nitrogen oxide and sulphur oxide
- hydrogen sulphide
- ozone
Air pollution: sources of air pollution - CORRECT ANSWER - - natural sources
- anthropogenic air pollutants
sources of air pollution: natural sources - CORRECT ANSWER - - volcanoes
- forest/prairie fires
- dust storms
sources of air pollution: anthropogenic air pollutants - CORRECT ANSWER - MAN
MADE AIR POLLUTANTS
- heating and power
- automobiles
- Industrial processes
anthropogenic air pollutants: heating and power - CORRECT ANSWER - - combustion of
fossil fuels releases CO2, CO, sulphur oxides, and nitrogen oxides
- coal is the biggest contributor to CO2 in the air from humans
anthropogenic air pollutants: automobiles - CORRECT ANSWER - - exhaust releases
smoke, lead particles, CO, and nitrogen oxides
- governments regulated the decrease of emissions by using low/no lead gas
- green vehicles are good
anthropogenic air pollutants: industrial processes - CORRECT ANSWER - - release a
variety of air pollutants (depending on what is being made)
, - ex. acids (sulphuric, acetic), solvents (can dissolve other substances), chlorine and ammonia
gas, metals (copper, lead, zinc)
Human Health and Air pollutants - CORRECT ANSWER - - main health effect of air
pollution is chemical irritation to the respiratory tract
- people especially susceptible to air pollution: young kids, elderly, people with cardiorespiratory
disease (like asthma)
2. tobacco smoke - CORRECT ANSWER - - adverse effects discussed in mod 2, section 3
- environmental tobacco smoke (second hand smoke) is a combo of main stream smoke (the
smoke exhaled) and side stream smoke (smoke from the burning end of a cigarette)
- second hand smoke can cause lung cancer
second hand (environmental) smoke health risks - CORRECT ANSWER - - just as bad for
your health as directly smoking
- can cause lung cancer
- bylaws are put in place to limit the where you can smoke so others aren't involuntarily exposed
to other people
3. Pesticides - CORRECT ANSWER - - they intentionally kill organisms
Pesticides: Insecticides - CORRECT ANSWER - - chemicals used to kill insects, or make
them unable to reproduce or develop mentally
2 types of insecticides - CORRECT ANSWER - - organochlorine insecticides
- organophosphorus insecticides
organochlorine insecticides - CORRECT ANSWER - - work by increasing the sensitive of
neurons and therefore increased CND stimulation that cause tremors and convulsions
- ex. DDT
