PHAR 100- Module 4 UPDATED Questions
and CORRECT Answers
Bacteriostatic - CORRECT ANSWER - inhibits bacterial growth and reproduction
Bactericidal - CORRECT ANSWER - directly kills the bacteria
Gram positive bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER - thick peptidoglycan layer, no outer
membrane
Gram negative bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER - thin peptidoglycan layer, outer
membrane
Narrow spectrum antibiotics - CORRECT ANSWER - Only useful against particular
microorganisms
Broad spectrum antibiotics - CORRECT ANSWER - Effective against wider range of
microorganisms
Cell wall synthesis inhibitors - CORRECT ANSWER - stop proper formation of bacterial
cell wall/membrane
Protein synthesis inhibitors - CORRECT ANSWER - inhibit protein translation within
bacteria
DNA synthesis inhi - CORRECT ANSWER - inhibit DNA replication in bacteria, prevent
growth
Metabolic inhibitors - CORRECT ANSWER - block formation of key bacterial metabolic
substrates needed for bacteria to survive/reproduce
, Penicillin G - CORRECT ANSWER - narrow spectrum, destroys gram +, treat pneumonia,
middle ear infections, skin infections, meningitis, syphilis. NATURAL penicillin.
Methicillin - CORRECT ANSWER - Resistant to attack by penicillinase
Penicillinase - CORRECT ANSWER - organisms can produce it, breaks down penicillin
Ampicillin+amoxicillin - CORRECT ANSWER - broader spectrum than pen G, can treat
gram - infection too
Amoxicillin + Cavulanic acid - CORRECT ANSWER - combination of semisynthetic
penicillin + inhibitor of penicillinase
Mechanism of Action: Penicillin - CORRECT ANSWER - interfere with new bacterial cell
wall formation
Protoplasts - CORRECT ANSWER - cells without cell walls, easily burst
Penicillin adverse effects - CORRECT ANSWER - nausea, diarrhea, disturb healthy gut
flora, allergy (1-10% of population)
Cephalosporins - CORRECT ANSWER - inhibit cell wall synthesis, more resistant to
penicillinase than penicillin group, 5 generations
Cephalosporin mechanism - CORRECT ANSWER - resemble D-alanine, compete with it
for binding spot on transpeptidase and inhibit enzyme. No cross linking = non functional cell
wall
and CORRECT Answers
Bacteriostatic - CORRECT ANSWER - inhibits bacterial growth and reproduction
Bactericidal - CORRECT ANSWER - directly kills the bacteria
Gram positive bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER - thick peptidoglycan layer, no outer
membrane
Gram negative bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER - thin peptidoglycan layer, outer
membrane
Narrow spectrum antibiotics - CORRECT ANSWER - Only useful against particular
microorganisms
Broad spectrum antibiotics - CORRECT ANSWER - Effective against wider range of
microorganisms
Cell wall synthesis inhibitors - CORRECT ANSWER - stop proper formation of bacterial
cell wall/membrane
Protein synthesis inhibitors - CORRECT ANSWER - inhibit protein translation within
bacteria
DNA synthesis inhi - CORRECT ANSWER - inhibit DNA replication in bacteria, prevent
growth
Metabolic inhibitors - CORRECT ANSWER - block formation of key bacterial metabolic
substrates needed for bacteria to survive/reproduce
, Penicillin G - CORRECT ANSWER - narrow spectrum, destroys gram +, treat pneumonia,
middle ear infections, skin infections, meningitis, syphilis. NATURAL penicillin.
Methicillin - CORRECT ANSWER - Resistant to attack by penicillinase
Penicillinase - CORRECT ANSWER - organisms can produce it, breaks down penicillin
Ampicillin+amoxicillin - CORRECT ANSWER - broader spectrum than pen G, can treat
gram - infection too
Amoxicillin + Cavulanic acid - CORRECT ANSWER - combination of semisynthetic
penicillin + inhibitor of penicillinase
Mechanism of Action: Penicillin - CORRECT ANSWER - interfere with new bacterial cell
wall formation
Protoplasts - CORRECT ANSWER - cells without cell walls, easily burst
Penicillin adverse effects - CORRECT ANSWER - nausea, diarrhea, disturb healthy gut
flora, allergy (1-10% of population)
Cephalosporins - CORRECT ANSWER - inhibit cell wall synthesis, more resistant to
penicillinase than penicillin group, 5 generations
Cephalosporin mechanism - CORRECT ANSWER - resemble D-alanine, compete with it
for binding spot on transpeptidase and inhibit enzyme. No cross linking = non functional cell
wall
