Nurs 6030 Patho Exam 3 Questions With Complete
Solutions
Kidney strictures
If a ______ ______ occurs in the ureter, then the other kidney
compensates causing hypertrophy and over functioning.
Compensatory hypertrophy
one kidney is obstructed, the other kidney takes on the extra load
Urinary Tract Obstruction
Can occur at any age
Causes
-UTI, Strictures, Prostate hypetorphy, tumors, pregnancy, pelvic
organ prolapse, neurogenic bladder
Kidney Strictures
can be from a renal stone, trauma, tumor
lithotripsy
crushing of a stone
calcium oxalate
Most common type of stone
Kidney Stones
,renal calculi
Kidney stones
Solid crystalline masses formed in the kidney, resulting from an
excess of insoluble salts or uric acid crystallizing in the urine;
may become trapped anywhere along the urinary tract.
Struvite (Staghorn)
Kidney stones comprised of magnesium, ammonium, phosphate
Struvite (Staghorn)
these are hard to pass and often get stuck in the kidney or ureter.
stress incontinence
Mechanical issue...ligaments hold up the pelvic cavity (uterus,
ovaries, bladder) over time, the ligaments can stretch putting
stress on the bladder-coughing sneezing can cause urine leakage.
OAB
Overactive bladder (urge incontinence)
Antimuscarinic
Used to treat urge incontinence
Overactive bladder
occurs when the muscles of the bladder contract involuntarily
even though the bladder is not actually full enough to indicate
the need to urinate
, UTI with catheter
The goal is to prevent catheter related infections.
CAUTI
catheter associated urinary tract infection
Allows antibiotic resistance bacteria to develop
What is biofilm?
Chronic colonization of bacteria
Increased BS/BP
What causes glomerular damage?
glomerular disease (Diabetic risk factors)
In easy terms, I tell my patients that having extra blood sugar in
the blood vessels is like tiny glass shards running through
cutting the vessels—doing damage along the way
....of course it is not really glass but patients get the picture a bit
more when telling them that glucose is doing damage
High blood glucose (extra sugar) in the kidneys increases
filtration pressure and damages glomerular membrane
Renal blood flow Increases, then so does the filtration pressure..
Remember the patient also most likely has HTN too. Blood
vessels will thicken in the kidney, reducing function too.
Solutions
Kidney strictures
If a ______ ______ occurs in the ureter, then the other kidney
compensates causing hypertrophy and over functioning.
Compensatory hypertrophy
one kidney is obstructed, the other kidney takes on the extra load
Urinary Tract Obstruction
Can occur at any age
Causes
-UTI, Strictures, Prostate hypetorphy, tumors, pregnancy, pelvic
organ prolapse, neurogenic bladder
Kidney Strictures
can be from a renal stone, trauma, tumor
lithotripsy
crushing of a stone
calcium oxalate
Most common type of stone
Kidney Stones
,renal calculi
Kidney stones
Solid crystalline masses formed in the kidney, resulting from an
excess of insoluble salts or uric acid crystallizing in the urine;
may become trapped anywhere along the urinary tract.
Struvite (Staghorn)
Kidney stones comprised of magnesium, ammonium, phosphate
Struvite (Staghorn)
these are hard to pass and often get stuck in the kidney or ureter.
stress incontinence
Mechanical issue...ligaments hold up the pelvic cavity (uterus,
ovaries, bladder) over time, the ligaments can stretch putting
stress on the bladder-coughing sneezing can cause urine leakage.
OAB
Overactive bladder (urge incontinence)
Antimuscarinic
Used to treat urge incontinence
Overactive bladder
occurs when the muscles of the bladder contract involuntarily
even though the bladder is not actually full enough to indicate
the need to urinate
, UTI with catheter
The goal is to prevent catheter related infections.
CAUTI
catheter associated urinary tract infection
Allows antibiotic resistance bacteria to develop
What is biofilm?
Chronic colonization of bacteria
Increased BS/BP
What causes glomerular damage?
glomerular disease (Diabetic risk factors)
In easy terms, I tell my patients that having extra blood sugar in
the blood vessels is like tiny glass shards running through
cutting the vessels—doing damage along the way
....of course it is not really glass but patients get the picture a bit
more when telling them that glucose is doing damage
High blood glucose (extra sugar) in the kidneys increases
filtration pressure and damages glomerular membrane
Renal blood flow Increases, then so does the filtration pressure..
Remember the patient also most likely has HTN too. Blood
vessels will thicken in the kidney, reducing function too.
