A-level
HISTORY
Component 2J America: A Nation Divided, c1845–1877
Friday 7 June 2024 Afternoon Time allowed: 2 hours 30 minutes
Materials
For this paper you must have:
• an AQA 16-page answer book.
Instructions
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
• Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is
7042/2J.
• Answer three questions.
In Section A answer Question 01.
In Section B answer two questions.
Information
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
• The maximum mark for this paper is 80.
• You will be marked on your ability to:
– use good English
– organise information clearly
– use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.
Advice
• You are advised to spend about:
– 1 hour on Question 01 from Section A
– 45 minutes on each of the two questions answered from Section B.
IB/M/Jun24/G4006/E6 7042/2J
, 2
Section A
Answer Question 01.
Source A
From a letter sent to Abraham Lincoln by Horace Greeley, 19 August 1862. Greeley was
a Radical Republican and editor of the New York Daily Tribune, an abolitionist
newspaper.
I don’t need to remind you that a great proportion of Republicans, who rejoiced at your
election, and who desire a decisive ending of the rebellion now devastating our country,
are disappointed and deeply pained by the policy you seem to be pursuing with regard to
the slaves still kept in the rebel states. Many Republicans think you are disastrously
neglecting your official duty with regard to the provisions for emancipation in the new 5
Confiscation Act. Those provisions were designed to fight slavery. They prescribe that
men who are loyal to the Union, and willing to shed their blood for the Union, should no
longer be held in bondage to rebellious traitors, who for twenty years have been plotting
against, and for sixteen months have been fighting, our country. Why these Confederate
traitors should be treated with tenderness by you, to the prejudice of the dearest rights of 10
loyal men, we cannot understand.
Source B
From a speech to the House of Representatives delivered by Clement Vallandigham of
Ohio, 14 January 1863. Vallandigham was a member of the Peace Democrats.
From the beginning of this Civil War, I have addressed multiple violations of the laws and
the Constitution by President Lincoln and those under his leadership. Lincoln and his
administration have committed many wrongs, such as repeated arbitrary arrests and the
suspension of individual rights. They also have prohibited free speech, and committed
many other wrongs against public liberties and private rights. All this has made this 5
country one of the worst dictatorships on Earth. I will continue to denounce Lincoln and
his administration. Twenty months have gone by, but the rebellion is still not crushed.
The Confederate military is as strong as ever and continues to be successful against the
Union army. The Union is not restored. The Constitution has not been maintained. With
over 300 000 either dead or crippled from war, the Confederate flag is still near the 10
Potomac river, and the Confederate government in Richmond is stronger than ever.
IB/M/Jun24/7042/2J
, 3
Source C
From a statement made by General Grant, 8 March 1864. This statement was reported
to his personal aide, Horace Porter, who published it in his memoirs of 1897.
In my first interview with President Lincoln, he told me that he didn’t pretend to know
anything about the handling of troops, and it was with reluctance that he ever interfered
in the movements of army commanders. He knew swiftness was absolutely necessary
and that as long as armies were waiting to advance on the enemy, the government was
spending millions daily. There was a limit to the strains of war. Sooner or later, a time 5
would be reached when the spirits and resources of the people would become exhausted
if the war was not won quickly. Lincoln decided to use his executive orders for the
purpose of hurrying the movements of commanding generals. He believed I knew the
need to act swiftly and wasn’t going to interfere with my operations. He did not want to
know my plans. He said that it was better that he didn’t know them, for everybody he met 10
tried to find out from him something about my plans to end the war.
0 1 With reference to these sources and your understanding of the historical context,
assess the value of these three sources to an historian studying Lincoln’s leadership
during the Civil War.
[30 marks]
Turn over for Section B
IB/M/Jun24/7042/2J Turn over ►
HISTORY
Component 2J America: A Nation Divided, c1845–1877
Friday 7 June 2024 Afternoon Time allowed: 2 hours 30 minutes
Materials
For this paper you must have:
• an AQA 16-page answer book.
Instructions
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
• Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is
7042/2J.
• Answer three questions.
In Section A answer Question 01.
In Section B answer two questions.
Information
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
• The maximum mark for this paper is 80.
• You will be marked on your ability to:
– use good English
– organise information clearly
– use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.
Advice
• You are advised to spend about:
– 1 hour on Question 01 from Section A
– 45 minutes on each of the two questions answered from Section B.
IB/M/Jun24/G4006/E6 7042/2J
, 2
Section A
Answer Question 01.
Source A
From a letter sent to Abraham Lincoln by Horace Greeley, 19 August 1862. Greeley was
a Radical Republican and editor of the New York Daily Tribune, an abolitionist
newspaper.
I don’t need to remind you that a great proportion of Republicans, who rejoiced at your
election, and who desire a decisive ending of the rebellion now devastating our country,
are disappointed and deeply pained by the policy you seem to be pursuing with regard to
the slaves still kept in the rebel states. Many Republicans think you are disastrously
neglecting your official duty with regard to the provisions for emancipation in the new 5
Confiscation Act. Those provisions were designed to fight slavery. They prescribe that
men who are loyal to the Union, and willing to shed their blood for the Union, should no
longer be held in bondage to rebellious traitors, who for twenty years have been plotting
against, and for sixteen months have been fighting, our country. Why these Confederate
traitors should be treated with tenderness by you, to the prejudice of the dearest rights of 10
loyal men, we cannot understand.
Source B
From a speech to the House of Representatives delivered by Clement Vallandigham of
Ohio, 14 January 1863. Vallandigham was a member of the Peace Democrats.
From the beginning of this Civil War, I have addressed multiple violations of the laws and
the Constitution by President Lincoln and those under his leadership. Lincoln and his
administration have committed many wrongs, such as repeated arbitrary arrests and the
suspension of individual rights. They also have prohibited free speech, and committed
many other wrongs against public liberties and private rights. All this has made this 5
country one of the worst dictatorships on Earth. I will continue to denounce Lincoln and
his administration. Twenty months have gone by, but the rebellion is still not crushed.
The Confederate military is as strong as ever and continues to be successful against the
Union army. The Union is not restored. The Constitution has not been maintained. With
over 300 000 either dead or crippled from war, the Confederate flag is still near the 10
Potomac river, and the Confederate government in Richmond is stronger than ever.
IB/M/Jun24/7042/2J
, 3
Source C
From a statement made by General Grant, 8 March 1864. This statement was reported
to his personal aide, Horace Porter, who published it in his memoirs of 1897.
In my first interview with President Lincoln, he told me that he didn’t pretend to know
anything about the handling of troops, and it was with reluctance that he ever interfered
in the movements of army commanders. He knew swiftness was absolutely necessary
and that as long as armies were waiting to advance on the enemy, the government was
spending millions daily. There was a limit to the strains of war. Sooner or later, a time 5
would be reached when the spirits and resources of the people would become exhausted
if the war was not won quickly. Lincoln decided to use his executive orders for the
purpose of hurrying the movements of commanding generals. He believed I knew the
need to act swiftly and wasn’t going to interfere with my operations. He did not want to
know my plans. He said that it was better that he didn’t know them, for everybody he met 10
tried to find out from him something about my plans to end the war.
0 1 With reference to these sources and your understanding of the historical context,
assess the value of these three sources to an historian studying Lincoln’s leadership
during the Civil War.
[30 marks]
Turn over for Section B
IB/M/Jun24/7042/2J Turn over ►
