©Jason MacConnell 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
ANAT 100 Exam Questions With Correct
Answers A+
Circulatory subdivisions - Answer✔-cardiovascular system
-lymphatic system
location of the heart - Answer✔intrathoracic- in mediastinum (medial to lungs, superior to
diaphragm, inferior to thoracic inlet)
base vs apex of heart and orientation - Answer✔base is the top; posterior, superior, right
apex is the bottom; anterior, inferior, left
pericardium (serous pericardium) - Answer✔thin delicate membrane (2 layers)
- outer parietal layer (lines the fibrous pericardium)
- inner visceral layer (covers the heart)
list the layers of the heart wall and pericardium from deep to superficial - Answer✔-
endocardium
-myocardium
-epicardium
-parietal pericardium
-fibrous pericardium
the 4 chambers of the heart - Answer✔2 atria and 2 ventricles
(R atrium, L atrium, R ventricle, L ventricle)
blood HAS to enter heart thru one of 2 atria to go deeper
what does the right atrium do - Answer✔receives blood from BODY; via vena cava (superior &
inferior)
what does the right ventricle do - Answer✔pumps blood (deoxy) to the LUNGS (forms most of
anterior surface)
1
, ©Jason MacConnell 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
what does the left atrium do - Answer✔receives blood (oxy) from LUNGS via 4 pulmonary
veins (2 each lung)
what does the left ventricle do - Answer✔pumps blood to BODY (forms apex of heart)
what are sulci (on heart) - Answer✔grooves on surface of heart containing coronary blood
vessels and fat (not visible til you remove the bld vessels and fat) (protect and support)
what are the great vessels (5) - Answer✔major arteries and veins connected to the heart (aorta,
sup.& inf. vena cava, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary veins)
what divides the R and L sides of the heart (internally) - Answer✔interventricular septum
what is another word for the visceral layer of the serous pericardium when talking about the
layers of the heart wall - Answer✔epicardium
what is the myocardium - Answer✔cardiac muscle, bulk of the heart wall
what is the endocardium - Answer✔valves and chamber lining (inner surface)
-helps reduce bld clots bc very smooth, dense connective tissue
do atria have thin or thick walls and why - Answer✔thin bc they don't move blood long
distances, just to ventricles
do ventricles have think or think walls and why - Answer✔thick and string bc they move blood
further distance and need more strength
which ventricle is thicker, L or R and why - Answer✔L ventricle is thicker bc it pumps blood
around whole body whereas R only pumps blood to lungs
what do heart valves do and why are they important - Answer✔- they prevent backflow of blood;
regulate one-way flow through heart
what are AV valves and what do they do - Answer✔atrioventricular valves (btwn artria and
ventricles)
-prevent backflow of blood from ventricles to atria
what are they two types of AV valves and where are they (what do they do) - Answer✔-bicuspid
(mitral) valve: btwn L atria and ventricle
-tricupid valve: btwn R atria and ventricle
what is the role of chordae tendineae and papillary muscles - Answer✔-chordae tendineae
stabilize the cuspids to prevent inversion (attach to leaflets of AV valves to pap. muscles; stringy
looking)
-papillary muscles hold the chordae in place
2
ANAT 100 Exam Questions With Correct
Answers A+
Circulatory subdivisions - Answer✔-cardiovascular system
-lymphatic system
location of the heart - Answer✔intrathoracic- in mediastinum (medial to lungs, superior to
diaphragm, inferior to thoracic inlet)
base vs apex of heart and orientation - Answer✔base is the top; posterior, superior, right
apex is the bottom; anterior, inferior, left
pericardium (serous pericardium) - Answer✔thin delicate membrane (2 layers)
- outer parietal layer (lines the fibrous pericardium)
- inner visceral layer (covers the heart)
list the layers of the heart wall and pericardium from deep to superficial - Answer✔-
endocardium
-myocardium
-epicardium
-parietal pericardium
-fibrous pericardium
the 4 chambers of the heart - Answer✔2 atria and 2 ventricles
(R atrium, L atrium, R ventricle, L ventricle)
blood HAS to enter heart thru one of 2 atria to go deeper
what does the right atrium do - Answer✔receives blood from BODY; via vena cava (superior &
inferior)
what does the right ventricle do - Answer✔pumps blood (deoxy) to the LUNGS (forms most of
anterior surface)
1
, ©Jason MacConnell 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
what does the left atrium do - Answer✔receives blood (oxy) from LUNGS via 4 pulmonary
veins (2 each lung)
what does the left ventricle do - Answer✔pumps blood to BODY (forms apex of heart)
what are sulci (on heart) - Answer✔grooves on surface of heart containing coronary blood
vessels and fat (not visible til you remove the bld vessels and fat) (protect and support)
what are the great vessels (5) - Answer✔major arteries and veins connected to the heart (aorta,
sup.& inf. vena cava, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary veins)
what divides the R and L sides of the heart (internally) - Answer✔interventricular septum
what is another word for the visceral layer of the serous pericardium when talking about the
layers of the heart wall - Answer✔epicardium
what is the myocardium - Answer✔cardiac muscle, bulk of the heart wall
what is the endocardium - Answer✔valves and chamber lining (inner surface)
-helps reduce bld clots bc very smooth, dense connective tissue
do atria have thin or thick walls and why - Answer✔thin bc they don't move blood long
distances, just to ventricles
do ventricles have think or think walls and why - Answer✔thick and string bc they move blood
further distance and need more strength
which ventricle is thicker, L or R and why - Answer✔L ventricle is thicker bc it pumps blood
around whole body whereas R only pumps blood to lungs
what do heart valves do and why are they important - Answer✔- they prevent backflow of blood;
regulate one-way flow through heart
what are AV valves and what do they do - Answer✔atrioventricular valves (btwn artria and
ventricles)
-prevent backflow of blood from ventricles to atria
what are they two types of AV valves and where are they (what do they do) - Answer✔-bicuspid
(mitral) valve: btwn L atria and ventricle
-tricupid valve: btwn R atria and ventricle
what is the role of chordae tendineae and papillary muscles - Answer✔-chordae tendineae
stabilize the cuspids to prevent inversion (attach to leaflets of AV valves to pap. muscles; stringy
looking)
-papillary muscles hold the chordae in place
2
