©Jason MacConnell 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
ANAT100 Midterm Exam Questions With
Correct Answers A+
What's the nervous system - Answer✔body's control and communication system
consists of brain, spinal cord, sensory organs, all nerves in the body
functions of the nervous system - Answer✔sensory input: allows us to gather vital sensory info
abt external and internal environment
integration: incorporates multiple signals to create a complete pic of the environment
motor output: produce an appropriate response by sending motor output signals thru motor
nerves which communicate with skeletal/cardiac/smooth muscle of the body
organization of the nervous system - Answer✔CNS - brain and spinal cord and PNS - everything
outside PNS
PNS divisions - Answer✔sensory/afferent(sends info to CNS) and motor/efferent (signal. from
CNS is relayed to target cells thru efferent neurons)
motor/efferent is divided into somatic (voluntary responses) and autonomic (involuntary
responses)
autonomic is divided into sympathetic (fight or flight) and parasympathetic (rest and digest)
2 principle cell types in the nervous system - Answer✔neurons and supporting cells
neurons - Answer✔allow communication within and between CNS and PNS
excitable and can generate and transmit rapid electircal signals to other neurons
baseic structure of neurons - Answer✔cell body and cytoplasmic processes (dendrites and axon)
direction of a nerve impulse - Answer✔neurons allow organs w/in the body to communicate w
one another thru the transuction of electrical signals (nerve impulses)
1
, ©Jason MacConnell 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
nerve impulses are unidirectional
signal travel from the dendrites to the cell body thru the axon to reach dendrites of adjacent
neurons or target organs
how do we classify neurons - Answer✔can be classified based on the number of cellular
processes that extend from cell body
pseudounipolar neurons - Answer✔one cellular process that splits into a dendrite and an axon
ex: general sensory nerves
bipolar neurons - Answer✔one dendrite and one axon
ex: special senses like sight and hearing
multipolar neurons - Answer✔most common neuron
multiple dendrites and one axon (3 or more cellular processes)
ex: motor neurons
glial cells - Answer✔do not generate r transmit nerve impulses
aid in sending signals betweenb neurons to imporove communication
protect and support neurons
4 types of supporting cells - Answer✔astrocytes, mucroglia, ependymal, oligodendrocytes
astrocytes - Answer✔Large star shaped cells w numerous processes
Communicate w neurons and blood vessels to maintain the integrity of the neural tissue
Most abundant glial cells
Microglia - Answer✔Preform many protective functions in CNS
Able to phagocytose or engluf/destroy pathogens and eliminate waste products from other cells
Least common type of supporting cells
Ependymal - Answer✔Cuboidal in shape and line cavities of the brain and spinal cord
Assist in production, circulation, and monitoring of cerebrospinal fluid
Oligodendrocytes - Answer✔Wrap around the axon in the CNS to form meylin sheath
A single cell can myelinate up to 60 axons
supporting cells in PNS - Answer✔schwann cells - equivalent to oligodendrocytes - form myelin
sheath around nerve fibres
2
ANAT100 Midterm Exam Questions With
Correct Answers A+
What's the nervous system - Answer✔body's control and communication system
consists of brain, spinal cord, sensory organs, all nerves in the body
functions of the nervous system - Answer✔sensory input: allows us to gather vital sensory info
abt external and internal environment
integration: incorporates multiple signals to create a complete pic of the environment
motor output: produce an appropriate response by sending motor output signals thru motor
nerves which communicate with skeletal/cardiac/smooth muscle of the body
organization of the nervous system - Answer✔CNS - brain and spinal cord and PNS - everything
outside PNS
PNS divisions - Answer✔sensory/afferent(sends info to CNS) and motor/efferent (signal. from
CNS is relayed to target cells thru efferent neurons)
motor/efferent is divided into somatic (voluntary responses) and autonomic (involuntary
responses)
autonomic is divided into sympathetic (fight or flight) and parasympathetic (rest and digest)
2 principle cell types in the nervous system - Answer✔neurons and supporting cells
neurons - Answer✔allow communication within and between CNS and PNS
excitable and can generate and transmit rapid electircal signals to other neurons
baseic structure of neurons - Answer✔cell body and cytoplasmic processes (dendrites and axon)
direction of a nerve impulse - Answer✔neurons allow organs w/in the body to communicate w
one another thru the transuction of electrical signals (nerve impulses)
1
, ©Jason MacConnell 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
nerve impulses are unidirectional
signal travel from the dendrites to the cell body thru the axon to reach dendrites of adjacent
neurons or target organs
how do we classify neurons - Answer✔can be classified based on the number of cellular
processes that extend from cell body
pseudounipolar neurons - Answer✔one cellular process that splits into a dendrite and an axon
ex: general sensory nerves
bipolar neurons - Answer✔one dendrite and one axon
ex: special senses like sight and hearing
multipolar neurons - Answer✔most common neuron
multiple dendrites and one axon (3 or more cellular processes)
ex: motor neurons
glial cells - Answer✔do not generate r transmit nerve impulses
aid in sending signals betweenb neurons to imporove communication
protect and support neurons
4 types of supporting cells - Answer✔astrocytes, mucroglia, ependymal, oligodendrocytes
astrocytes - Answer✔Large star shaped cells w numerous processes
Communicate w neurons and blood vessels to maintain the integrity of the neural tissue
Most abundant glial cells
Microglia - Answer✔Preform many protective functions in CNS
Able to phagocytose or engluf/destroy pathogens and eliminate waste products from other cells
Least common type of supporting cells
Ependymal - Answer✔Cuboidal in shape and line cavities of the brain and spinal cord
Assist in production, circulation, and monitoring of cerebrospinal fluid
Oligodendrocytes - Answer✔Wrap around the axon in the CNS to form meylin sheath
A single cell can myelinate up to 60 axons
supporting cells in PNS - Answer✔schwann cells - equivalent to oligodendrocytes - form myelin
sheath around nerve fibres
2
