Orthopedic Nurse Certification Exams
With Verified Questions And Answers
2 fractures only seen in the pelvic girdle
- ANSWER-1) STRADDLE FRACTURE: forcefully falling on an object in straddle
position; coming down on gymnastic bar, bike seat, being bucked by a horse; it can
tranversely fracture superior and inferior pubic rami and usually bilaterally
2) DASHBOARD FRACTURE: when knee hits dashboard and the force progresses
through the femur to the acetabulum
3 injuries that can be sustained from a knee that hits the dashboard in a MVA.
- ANSWER-1) DASHBOARD FRACTURE: fracture of the rim of the acetabulum; caused
by impact of femoral head
2) PATELLAR FRACTURE: force of kneecap on dash
3) POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT (PCL) TEAR
4 Main Components of describing and classifying a fracture
- ANSWER-1) LOCATION: distal, proximal, lateral, numbering (phalanges, tarsals, 3rd,
4th, etc.); can also describe the portion of the bone involved (diaphysis, epiphyses)
,2) DESCRIPTION OF FRACTURE LINE: comminuted, segmented, compressed,
transverse
3) DISPLACEMENT OF FRACTURE/ITS FRAGMENTS: non-displaced, angulated,
distracted, simply displaced
4) THE CONDITION OF SOFT TISSUE SURROUNDING THE BREAK: open or closed
4 substances that can be used surgically to enhance the healing of bone after a fracture.
- ANSWER-1) AUTOGENOUS BONE: bone graft taken from patient, usually form iliac
crest; used in small bony defects, but high rate of complications
2) ALLOGRAPHIC BONE: cadaver bone injected into a fracture site; beneficial in larger
defects, but increased infection risk
3) SYNTHETIC BONE: ceramics and sea coral; useful when injected into large fractures
that have already been surgically stabilized
4) BIOACTIVE CELLS AND PROTEIN: expensive, benefit for nonunion fractures
4 types of surgical intervention for musculoskeletal tumors.
- ANSWER-INTRALESIONAL EXCISION: cutterage, intracapsular excision; used if
total resection not an option - like in metastatic bone disease; used for benign tumors
MARGINAL EXCISION: simple excision; saved for benign tumors - remove tumor right
up to its borders, until tissues/cells no longer are reactive like those in the tumor
, WIDE EXCISION: done with osteosarcomas, tumor removed in addition to a wide
border of surrounding tissue
RADICAL RESECTION: removes tumor and entire structure that contains the tumor
(bone, muscle); done in advanced stage osteosarcomas
5 contraindications for open reduction of a fracture.
- ANSWER-1) INFECTION
2) LOSS OF BONE DENSITY: as in osteopenia and osteoporosis
3) if bony fragments at the fracture site are too small for fixation devices
4) when there is limited surrounding tissue, such as in severe burns
5) when patient has multiple uncontrolled comorbidities
Define avulsion, comminuted, and greenstick fractures.
- ANSWER-AVULSION: break that displaces a portion of bone from its usual position
COMMINUTED: describes fracture that results in greater than 2 bony fragments;
usually describes crush injury
GREENSTICK: result of a lesser force and doesn't cause a full-thickness break; only one
side of bone is affected; not a fracture associated with displacement
Define chronic compartment syndrome.
- ANSWER-- Not a medical emergency
- Frequent and high levels of exercise can cause it
With Verified Questions And Answers
2 fractures only seen in the pelvic girdle
- ANSWER-1) STRADDLE FRACTURE: forcefully falling on an object in straddle
position; coming down on gymnastic bar, bike seat, being bucked by a horse; it can
tranversely fracture superior and inferior pubic rami and usually bilaterally
2) DASHBOARD FRACTURE: when knee hits dashboard and the force progresses
through the femur to the acetabulum
3 injuries that can be sustained from a knee that hits the dashboard in a MVA.
- ANSWER-1) DASHBOARD FRACTURE: fracture of the rim of the acetabulum; caused
by impact of femoral head
2) PATELLAR FRACTURE: force of kneecap on dash
3) POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT (PCL) TEAR
4 Main Components of describing and classifying a fracture
- ANSWER-1) LOCATION: distal, proximal, lateral, numbering (phalanges, tarsals, 3rd,
4th, etc.); can also describe the portion of the bone involved (diaphysis, epiphyses)
,2) DESCRIPTION OF FRACTURE LINE: comminuted, segmented, compressed,
transverse
3) DISPLACEMENT OF FRACTURE/ITS FRAGMENTS: non-displaced, angulated,
distracted, simply displaced
4) THE CONDITION OF SOFT TISSUE SURROUNDING THE BREAK: open or closed
4 substances that can be used surgically to enhance the healing of bone after a fracture.
- ANSWER-1) AUTOGENOUS BONE: bone graft taken from patient, usually form iliac
crest; used in small bony defects, but high rate of complications
2) ALLOGRAPHIC BONE: cadaver bone injected into a fracture site; beneficial in larger
defects, but increased infection risk
3) SYNTHETIC BONE: ceramics and sea coral; useful when injected into large fractures
that have already been surgically stabilized
4) BIOACTIVE CELLS AND PROTEIN: expensive, benefit for nonunion fractures
4 types of surgical intervention for musculoskeletal tumors.
- ANSWER-INTRALESIONAL EXCISION: cutterage, intracapsular excision; used if
total resection not an option - like in metastatic bone disease; used for benign tumors
MARGINAL EXCISION: simple excision; saved for benign tumors - remove tumor right
up to its borders, until tissues/cells no longer are reactive like those in the tumor
, WIDE EXCISION: done with osteosarcomas, tumor removed in addition to a wide
border of surrounding tissue
RADICAL RESECTION: removes tumor and entire structure that contains the tumor
(bone, muscle); done in advanced stage osteosarcomas
5 contraindications for open reduction of a fracture.
- ANSWER-1) INFECTION
2) LOSS OF BONE DENSITY: as in osteopenia and osteoporosis
3) if bony fragments at the fracture site are too small for fixation devices
4) when there is limited surrounding tissue, such as in severe burns
5) when patient has multiple uncontrolled comorbidities
Define avulsion, comminuted, and greenstick fractures.
- ANSWER-AVULSION: break that displaces a portion of bone from its usual position
COMMINUTED: describes fracture that results in greater than 2 bony fragments;
usually describes crush injury
GREENSTICK: result of a lesser force and doesn't cause a full-thickness break; only one
side of bone is affected; not a fracture associated with displacement
Define chronic compartment syndrome.
- ANSWER-- Not a medical emergency
- Frequent and high levels of exercise can cause it
