3.8 Nucleic Acids
First review @October 17, 2023
Practise Q's Done
two types of nucleic acids, RNA and DNA
Nucleotides and nucleic acids
nucleic acids contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus
nucleic acids are polymers formed from many nucleotides bonded together
one nucleotide is made up from:
phosphate group— negatively charged
pentose monosaccharide (sugar)— five carbon atoms
nitrogenous base— complex organic molecule containing one or two carbon rings
as well as nitrogen
nucleotides bond together through condensation reactions in which polynucleotides are
formed
phosphate group at fifth carbon (5’) forms a covalent bond with the hydroxyl group
at the third carbon (3’) on the pentose sugar attached to the adjacent nucleotide
the covalent bons formed are called phosphodiester bonds
these polynucleotides form a ‘backbone’ with a base attached to each sugar
phosphodiester bonds are broken by hydrolysis reactions
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
deoxyribose, sugar with one less oxygen atom than ribose
3.8 Nucleic Acids 1
First review @October 17, 2023
Practise Q's Done
two types of nucleic acids, RNA and DNA
Nucleotides and nucleic acids
nucleic acids contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus
nucleic acids are polymers formed from many nucleotides bonded together
one nucleotide is made up from:
phosphate group— negatively charged
pentose monosaccharide (sugar)— five carbon atoms
nitrogenous base— complex organic molecule containing one or two carbon rings
as well as nitrogen
nucleotides bond together through condensation reactions in which polynucleotides are
formed
phosphate group at fifth carbon (5’) forms a covalent bond with the hydroxyl group
at the third carbon (3’) on the pentose sugar attached to the adjacent nucleotide
the covalent bons formed are called phosphodiester bonds
these polynucleotides form a ‘backbone’ with a base attached to each sugar
phosphodiester bonds are broken by hydrolysis reactions
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
deoxyribose, sugar with one less oxygen atom than ribose
3.8 Nucleic Acids 1
