BIOD 151-LATEST FINAL EXAM 2025 WITH
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+. 100%
PASS GUARANTEED!
What happens during ventilation? - Ans>the rib cage lifts superiorly and
anteriorly to open up and expand the lungs, the diaphragm is
flattened as it contracts to pull lungs open. As lung volume increases,
density decreases and creates a negative pressure environment (air
pressure outside than inside) and air naturally flows out of the lungs.
The rib cage is lowered, the diaphragm rises and pressure increases.
What is incomplete ventilation? - Ans>lungs do not completely empty
during the breathing cycle to help conserve water and maintain a
constant temperature
What is hemoglobin? - Ans>Oxygen enters the blood and combines
with hemoglobin to form oxyhemoglobin. In tissues, carbon dioxide
combines with hemoglobin to form carbaminohemoglobin to help
expel carbon dioxide.
,How is most of carbon dioxide transported in the blood? - Ans>in the
form of bicarbonate ion
What is boyle's law? - Ans>gas is inversely proportional to its volume
(higher pressure in a lower volume)
What is charle's law? - Ans>volume of gas is directly proportional to
temperature
What is Dalton's law? - Ans>the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal
to the sum of partial pressures
What is TV? - Ans>tidal volume - amount of air inhaled and exhaled in
one cycle of quiet breathing, typically about 500 ml
What is IRV? - Ans>max amount of air able to be inhaled beyond
normal inhalation - about 3000 ml of air
What is ERV? - Ans>max amount of air able to be exhaled beyond
normal exhalation - normally about 1200 ml of air
What is RV? - Ans>amount of air remaining in lungs that cannot be
exhaled - about 1300 ml
How do you measure VC? - Ans>vital capacity = ERV + TV + IRV
, How do you measure TLC? - Ans>total lung capacity = VC + RV
How do you measure IC? - Ans>inspiratory capacity = TV + IRV OR VC -
ERV
How do you measure FRC? - Ans>functional residual capacity = RV +
ERV
What is emphysema? - Ans>damage to the alveoli causing them to
rupture and a loss of gas exchange, caused by smoking
What is cystic fibrosis? - Ans>hereditary, produces thick mucous that
clogs the respiratory tract
What is pulmonary edema? - Ans>accumulation of fluid in the lungs -
can be caused by cancer, infection, congestive heart disease, crackle
sounds
How is air warmed in the lungs? - Ans>air is filtered, moistened, and
warmed before reaching the lungs. This is done by blood vessels in
nasal cavity.
What are the paired cartilages of the trachea? - Ans>arytenoid,
corniculate, cuneiform
What are the single cartilages of the trachea? - Ans>epiglottis, cricoid,
thyroid
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+. 100%
PASS GUARANTEED!
What happens during ventilation? - Ans>the rib cage lifts superiorly and
anteriorly to open up and expand the lungs, the diaphragm is
flattened as it contracts to pull lungs open. As lung volume increases,
density decreases and creates a negative pressure environment (air
pressure outside than inside) and air naturally flows out of the lungs.
The rib cage is lowered, the diaphragm rises and pressure increases.
What is incomplete ventilation? - Ans>lungs do not completely empty
during the breathing cycle to help conserve water and maintain a
constant temperature
What is hemoglobin? - Ans>Oxygen enters the blood and combines
with hemoglobin to form oxyhemoglobin. In tissues, carbon dioxide
combines with hemoglobin to form carbaminohemoglobin to help
expel carbon dioxide.
,How is most of carbon dioxide transported in the blood? - Ans>in the
form of bicarbonate ion
What is boyle's law? - Ans>gas is inversely proportional to its volume
(higher pressure in a lower volume)
What is charle's law? - Ans>volume of gas is directly proportional to
temperature
What is Dalton's law? - Ans>the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal
to the sum of partial pressures
What is TV? - Ans>tidal volume - amount of air inhaled and exhaled in
one cycle of quiet breathing, typically about 500 ml
What is IRV? - Ans>max amount of air able to be inhaled beyond
normal inhalation - about 3000 ml of air
What is ERV? - Ans>max amount of air able to be exhaled beyond
normal exhalation - normally about 1200 ml of air
What is RV? - Ans>amount of air remaining in lungs that cannot be
exhaled - about 1300 ml
How do you measure VC? - Ans>vital capacity = ERV + TV + IRV
, How do you measure TLC? - Ans>total lung capacity = VC + RV
How do you measure IC? - Ans>inspiratory capacity = TV + IRV OR VC -
ERV
How do you measure FRC? - Ans>functional residual capacity = RV +
ERV
What is emphysema? - Ans>damage to the alveoli causing them to
rupture and a loss of gas exchange, caused by smoking
What is cystic fibrosis? - Ans>hereditary, produces thick mucous that
clogs the respiratory tract
What is pulmonary edema? - Ans>accumulation of fluid in the lungs -
can be caused by cancer, infection, congestive heart disease, crackle
sounds
How is air warmed in the lungs? - Ans>air is filtered, moistened, and
warmed before reaching the lungs. This is done by blood vessels in
nasal cavity.
What are the paired cartilages of the trachea? - Ans>arytenoid,
corniculate, cuneiform
What are the single cartilages of the trachea? - Ans>epiglottis, cricoid,
thyroid
