HESI Milestone 2 Exam Practice V7 2025
Questions and Verified Answers with Rationales
100% Guaranteed Pass
with Multiple Choice Questions and Answers
QUESTION
Which nursing action would be appropriate for a client who is newly diagnosed with Cushing
syndrome?
A. Monitor blood glucose levels daily.
B. Increase intake of fluids high in potassium. C. Encourage adequate rest between activities. D.
Offer the client a sodium-enriched menu.
Answer:
A
Cushing syndrome results from a hypersecretion of glucocorticoids in the adrenal cortex. Clients
with Cushing syndrome often develop diabetes mellitus. Monitoring of serum glucose levels
assesses for increased blood glucose levels so that treatment can begin early. A common finding
in Cushing syndrome is generalized edema.
Although potassium is needed, it is generally obtained from food intake, not by offering
potassium-enhanced fluids. Fatigue is usually not an overwhelming factor in Cushing syndrome,
so an emphasis on the need for rest is not indicated. A
low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, low-sodium diet is not recommended.
QUESTION
A client with type 2 diabetes takes metformin daily. The client is scheduled for major surgery requiring
general anesthesia the next day. The nurse antici- pates which approach to manage the client's
diabetes best while the client is NPO during the perioperative period?
A. NPO except for metformin and regular snacks
B. NPO except for oral antidiabetic agent
C. Novolin N insulin subcutaneously twice daily
D. Regular insulin subcutaneously per sliding scale
,Answer:
D
Regular insulin dosing based on the client's blood glucose levels (sliding scale) is the best
method to achieve control of the client's blood glucose while the client is NPO and coping with
,the major stress of surgery. Option A increases the risk of vomiting and aspiration. Options B and
C provide less precise control of the blood glucose level.
QUESTION
The nurse is caring for a critically ill client with cirrhosis of the liver
who has a nasogastric tube draining bright red blood. The nurse notes that the client's serum
hemoglobin and hematocrit levels are decreased. Which additional change in laboratory data
should the nurse expect?
A. Increased serum albumin level
B. Decreased serum creatinine
C. Decreased serum ammonia level
D. Increased liver function test results
Answer:
C
The breakdown of glutamine in the intestine and the increased activity of colonic bacteria from
the digestion of proteins increase ammonia levels in clients with advanced liver disease, so
removal of blood, a protein source, from the intestine results in a reduced level of ammonia.
Options A, B, and D will not be significantly affected by the removal of blood.
QUESTION
The nurse is reviewing routine medications taken by a client with chronic angle-closure
glaucoma. Which medication prescription should the nurse question?
A. Antianginal with a therapeutic effect of vasodilation B. Anticholinergic with a side effect of pupillary
dilation C. Antihistamine with a side effect of sedation
D. Cortic osteroid with a side effect of hyperglycemia
Answer:
B
Clients wth angle-closure glaucoma should not take medications that dilate the pupil because
this can precipitate acute and severely increased intraocular pressure.
Options A, C, and D do not cause increased intracranial pressure, which is the primary concern
with angle-closure glaucoma.
, QUESTION
A 77-year-old client is admitted to the hospital with confusion and anorexia of several days'
duration. Additional symptoms reported are nausea and vomiting, and current complaints of a
Questions and Verified Answers with Rationales
100% Guaranteed Pass
with Multiple Choice Questions and Answers
QUESTION
Which nursing action would be appropriate for a client who is newly diagnosed with Cushing
syndrome?
A. Monitor blood glucose levels daily.
B. Increase intake of fluids high in potassium. C. Encourage adequate rest between activities. D.
Offer the client a sodium-enriched menu.
Answer:
A
Cushing syndrome results from a hypersecretion of glucocorticoids in the adrenal cortex. Clients
with Cushing syndrome often develop diabetes mellitus. Monitoring of serum glucose levels
assesses for increased blood glucose levels so that treatment can begin early. A common finding
in Cushing syndrome is generalized edema.
Although potassium is needed, it is generally obtained from food intake, not by offering
potassium-enhanced fluids. Fatigue is usually not an overwhelming factor in Cushing syndrome,
so an emphasis on the need for rest is not indicated. A
low-calorie, low-carbohydrate, low-sodium diet is not recommended.
QUESTION
A client with type 2 diabetes takes metformin daily. The client is scheduled for major surgery requiring
general anesthesia the next day. The nurse antici- pates which approach to manage the client's
diabetes best while the client is NPO during the perioperative period?
A. NPO except for metformin and regular snacks
B. NPO except for oral antidiabetic agent
C. Novolin N insulin subcutaneously twice daily
D. Regular insulin subcutaneously per sliding scale
,Answer:
D
Regular insulin dosing based on the client's blood glucose levels (sliding scale) is the best
method to achieve control of the client's blood glucose while the client is NPO and coping with
,the major stress of surgery. Option A increases the risk of vomiting and aspiration. Options B and
C provide less precise control of the blood glucose level.
QUESTION
The nurse is caring for a critically ill client with cirrhosis of the liver
who has a nasogastric tube draining bright red blood. The nurse notes that the client's serum
hemoglobin and hematocrit levels are decreased. Which additional change in laboratory data
should the nurse expect?
A. Increased serum albumin level
B. Decreased serum creatinine
C. Decreased serum ammonia level
D. Increased liver function test results
Answer:
C
The breakdown of glutamine in the intestine and the increased activity of colonic bacteria from
the digestion of proteins increase ammonia levels in clients with advanced liver disease, so
removal of blood, a protein source, from the intestine results in a reduced level of ammonia.
Options A, B, and D will not be significantly affected by the removal of blood.
QUESTION
The nurse is reviewing routine medications taken by a client with chronic angle-closure
glaucoma. Which medication prescription should the nurse question?
A. Antianginal with a therapeutic effect of vasodilation B. Anticholinergic with a side effect of pupillary
dilation C. Antihistamine with a side effect of sedation
D. Cortic osteroid with a side effect of hyperglycemia
Answer:
B
Clients wth angle-closure glaucoma should not take medications that dilate the pupil because
this can precipitate acute and severely increased intraocular pressure.
Options A, C, and D do not cause increased intracranial pressure, which is the primary concern
with angle-closure glaucoma.
, QUESTION
A 77-year-old client is admitted to the hospital with confusion and anorexia of several days'
duration. Additional symptoms reported are nausea and vomiting, and current complaints of a
