PEDORTHICS Exam1 Questions and
Answers
Rearfoot (Tarsus), Midfoot (Lesser tarsus), and Forefoot (Metatarsus) - Answer-Functional components
of the foot
Which bones make up the rearfoot? - Answer-Calcaneus and talus
Which bones make up the midfoot? - Answer-Navicular and cuboid
Which bones make up the forefoot? - Answer-Cuneiforms 1-3 and digits
Medial column of the foot - Answer-70% of the load. More flexible. Composed of the talus, navicular,
cuneiforms, and metatarsals 1-3
Lateral column of the foot - Answer-30% of the load. More rigid. Composed of the calcaneus, cuboid,
and metatarsals 4-5
Calcaneus - Answer-Largest bone in the foot, insertion point for the achilles, articulates with talus and
cuboid
, ST groove - Answer-Limits ST from collapsing medially, which prevents calcaneal valgus
Talus - Answer-2nd largest bone, made of articular hyaline cartilage, lacks good blood supply so healing
takes longer. Articulates with tibia, fibula, calcaneus, and navicular
Neck of talus - Answer-What do you palpate to check for subtalar neutral?
6 primary hot spots - Answer-medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, 1st met head, 5th met head, base of
the 5th, and navicular
2 secondary hot spots - Answer-posterior calcaneus and trochlear process of calcaneus
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament aka "spring ligament" - Answer-Maintains medial longitudinal arch
Deltoid ligament - Answer-Tibiotalar, tibionavicular, and anterior/posterior tibiocalcaneal. Maintains
medial longitudinal arch and prevents eversion
Plantar aponeurosis (fascia) - Answer-Provides stability during terminal stance and supports longitudinal
arch
Windlass affect - Answer-MTP joints dorsiflexed, plantar fascia draws forward, depressed met heads,
resulting in elevation of arch. More rigid for push off
Medial longitudinal arch - Answer-Made up of posterior/anterior calcaneus, plantar fascia,
plantar/spring ligament
Answers
Rearfoot (Tarsus), Midfoot (Lesser tarsus), and Forefoot (Metatarsus) - Answer-Functional components
of the foot
Which bones make up the rearfoot? - Answer-Calcaneus and talus
Which bones make up the midfoot? - Answer-Navicular and cuboid
Which bones make up the forefoot? - Answer-Cuneiforms 1-3 and digits
Medial column of the foot - Answer-70% of the load. More flexible. Composed of the talus, navicular,
cuneiforms, and metatarsals 1-3
Lateral column of the foot - Answer-30% of the load. More rigid. Composed of the calcaneus, cuboid,
and metatarsals 4-5
Calcaneus - Answer-Largest bone in the foot, insertion point for the achilles, articulates with talus and
cuboid
, ST groove - Answer-Limits ST from collapsing medially, which prevents calcaneal valgus
Talus - Answer-2nd largest bone, made of articular hyaline cartilage, lacks good blood supply so healing
takes longer. Articulates with tibia, fibula, calcaneus, and navicular
Neck of talus - Answer-What do you palpate to check for subtalar neutral?
6 primary hot spots - Answer-medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, 1st met head, 5th met head, base of
the 5th, and navicular
2 secondary hot spots - Answer-posterior calcaneus and trochlear process of calcaneus
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament aka "spring ligament" - Answer-Maintains medial longitudinal arch
Deltoid ligament - Answer-Tibiotalar, tibionavicular, and anterior/posterior tibiocalcaneal. Maintains
medial longitudinal arch and prevents eversion
Plantar aponeurosis (fascia) - Answer-Provides stability during terminal stance and supports longitudinal
arch
Windlass affect - Answer-MTP joints dorsiflexed, plantar fascia draws forward, depressed met heads,
resulting in elevation of arch. More rigid for push off
Medial longitudinal arch - Answer-Made up of posterior/anterior calcaneus, plantar fascia,
plantar/spring ligament
