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NURS 6111 Exam 1 Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
Na normal lab value - ✔✔135-145
K normal lab value - ✔✔3.5-5.0
Mg normal lab value - ✔✔1.3-2.1 mEq/L
Calcium normal lab value - ✔✔8.5-10.5 mg/dL
Abnormal signs and symptoms of K - ✔✔excessive thirst, increased urination, muscle cramps,
fatigue/weakness, irregular heartbeat, constipation, abdominal cramping
Abnormal signs and symptoms of Mg - ✔✔muscle cramps, fatigue/weakness, abnormal heart rhythm,
numbness/tingling, mental symptoms, insomnia
Acid-base buffer systems minimize pH changes by - ✔✔converting a strong acid or base to a weak one
Types of hypersensitivity reactions - ✔✔Type 1: Immunoglobulin IgE mediated reactions(allergic
reaction), rapid time frame, ex peanut allergy
Type 2: tissue specific, activates complement cascade/phagocytosis, body attacks healthy RBC thinking
they are foreign, ex graves, hep induced thrombocytopenia
Type 3: immune complexes formed in circulation and deposited into cell wall and cause tissue damage ,
ex is rayanuds
Created by Katelyn Whitman © 2025, All Rights Reserved. 100% PASS GUARANTEE
, 2|Page
Type 4: delayed sensitivity, only type that is mediated by T lymphocytes and do not involve antibodies,
ex contact sensitivity to poison ivy, latex, mycobacterial infection
Prematurity - ✔✔baby born before 37 weeks gestation, causes: maternal age, multiple pregnancies,
uterine or cervical abnormalities, infections/chronic conditions. Clinical findings of premature babies:
low birth weight, jaundice, feeding difficulties
RDS (respiratory distress syndrome) - ✔✔babies born before 28 weeks, caused by lack of surfactant,
characterized by shallow rapid breathing(grunting), males are more prone
NEC (necrotizing enterocolitis) - ✔✔babies born before 32 weeks, caused by damage and inflammation to
intestinal tissues, characterized by bloody stools and distended abdomen. Risk factors: low birth weight,
formula feedings
SIDS(sudden infant death syndrome) - ✔✔common between 1-4 months of age, most frequent death for
child 2 weeks-1 year, can occur from sleeping on soft surface, occurs in boys more often than girls
Prader-Willi Syndrome - ✔✔Caused by a lack of genetic material in the 15 pair of chromosomes. Usually
inherited from the father. The leading genetic cause of obesity. The degree of mental retardation varies,
but is usually in the mild range. Students with Prader-Willi syndrome can be rigid and oppositional.
They do not respond well to sudden changes in their routine. It can also result in low muscle tone, short
stature, incomplete sexual development, cognitive disabilities, problem behaviors, and a chronic feeling
of hunger that can lead to excessive eating and life-threatening obesity.
DiGeorge Syndrome - ✔✔caused by missing piece of chromosome 22, affects the heart, immune system,
parathyroid glands, can be inherited from parents, DGS triad: conotruncal cardiac anomalies, hypoplastic
thymus, and hypocalcemia. can cause cleft lip, hearing loss, learning difficulties
Function of IgA antibody - ✔✔inhibit the passage of alien substances that attempt to enter the circulatory
system. mucosal immunity
Created by Katelyn Whitman © 2025, All Rights Reserved. 100% PASS GUARANTEE
NURS 6111 Exam 1 Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
Na normal lab value - ✔✔135-145
K normal lab value - ✔✔3.5-5.0
Mg normal lab value - ✔✔1.3-2.1 mEq/L
Calcium normal lab value - ✔✔8.5-10.5 mg/dL
Abnormal signs and symptoms of K - ✔✔excessive thirst, increased urination, muscle cramps,
fatigue/weakness, irregular heartbeat, constipation, abdominal cramping
Abnormal signs and symptoms of Mg - ✔✔muscle cramps, fatigue/weakness, abnormal heart rhythm,
numbness/tingling, mental symptoms, insomnia
Acid-base buffer systems minimize pH changes by - ✔✔converting a strong acid or base to a weak one
Types of hypersensitivity reactions - ✔✔Type 1: Immunoglobulin IgE mediated reactions(allergic
reaction), rapid time frame, ex peanut allergy
Type 2: tissue specific, activates complement cascade/phagocytosis, body attacks healthy RBC thinking
they are foreign, ex graves, hep induced thrombocytopenia
Type 3: immune complexes formed in circulation and deposited into cell wall and cause tissue damage ,
ex is rayanuds
Created by Katelyn Whitman © 2025, All Rights Reserved. 100% PASS GUARANTEE
, 2|Page
Type 4: delayed sensitivity, only type that is mediated by T lymphocytes and do not involve antibodies,
ex contact sensitivity to poison ivy, latex, mycobacterial infection
Prematurity - ✔✔baby born before 37 weeks gestation, causes: maternal age, multiple pregnancies,
uterine or cervical abnormalities, infections/chronic conditions. Clinical findings of premature babies:
low birth weight, jaundice, feeding difficulties
RDS (respiratory distress syndrome) - ✔✔babies born before 28 weeks, caused by lack of surfactant,
characterized by shallow rapid breathing(grunting), males are more prone
NEC (necrotizing enterocolitis) - ✔✔babies born before 32 weeks, caused by damage and inflammation to
intestinal tissues, characterized by bloody stools and distended abdomen. Risk factors: low birth weight,
formula feedings
SIDS(sudden infant death syndrome) - ✔✔common between 1-4 months of age, most frequent death for
child 2 weeks-1 year, can occur from sleeping on soft surface, occurs in boys more often than girls
Prader-Willi Syndrome - ✔✔Caused by a lack of genetic material in the 15 pair of chromosomes. Usually
inherited from the father. The leading genetic cause of obesity. The degree of mental retardation varies,
but is usually in the mild range. Students with Prader-Willi syndrome can be rigid and oppositional.
They do not respond well to sudden changes in their routine. It can also result in low muscle tone, short
stature, incomplete sexual development, cognitive disabilities, problem behaviors, and a chronic feeling
of hunger that can lead to excessive eating and life-threatening obesity.
DiGeorge Syndrome - ✔✔caused by missing piece of chromosome 22, affects the heart, immune system,
parathyroid glands, can be inherited from parents, DGS triad: conotruncal cardiac anomalies, hypoplastic
thymus, and hypocalcemia. can cause cleft lip, hearing loss, learning difficulties
Function of IgA antibody - ✔✔inhibit the passage of alien substances that attempt to enter the circulatory
system. mucosal immunity
Created by Katelyn Whitman © 2025, All Rights Reserved. 100% PASS GUARANTEE
