Principle of Biomedical Science Final
Exam Review Questions and Answers
Name 5 pieces of evidence that might be obtained at a crime scene that could help
solve the crime - Correct Answers --blood
- DNA
-Hair
-Weapon
- fingerprint
Name all four bases of DNA- which bases are structurally similar to one another? Which
bases pair with each other? Which base is not present in RNA? - Correct Answers -
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine (A-T, G-C)
In RNA, Thymine is replaced with Uracil
What do restriction enzymes do? - Correct Answers -Restriction enzymes come from
bacteria and make cuts in DNA. These fragments can become RFLPs and can be run
through gel electrophoresis
Skin - Correct Answers -Acts as a barrier against pathogens
Phagocytes - Correct Answers -Swallow pathogens
Inflammation - Correct Answers -Allows more blood, carrying WBCs to go to central
B Cells - Correct Answers -Create anti-bodies
T-Cells - Correct Answers -Can kill pathogens
Bladder, kidneys, urethra are all apart of what body system? - Correct Answers -Urinary
Heart and veins are both apart of what body system? - Correct Answers -
Cardiovascular
Lungs, trachea, Larynx are all apart of what body system? - Correct Answers -
Respiratory
, Pancreas, eye, lymph node, thymus, spleen are all apart of what body system? -
Correct Answers -Immune
Brain is apart of what body system? - Correct Answers -Nervous
Gall bladder, teeth are both apart of what body system? - Correct Answers -Digestive
What does gel electrophoresis do? Which way does DNA run on the gel? - Correct
Answers -Separated RFLPs based on size. The smallest pieces travel the furthest.
They migrate to the positive terminal because of DNAs negative charge
How does DNA differ from person to person? - Correct Answers -The sequence and
number of base pairs. Human DNA differs only in the sequence of bases - 0.1%
What strand of DNA would bind with this strand?
ATCGTCAGG - Correct Answers -TAGCAGTCC
Compare the differences of Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes - Correct Answers -
Type 1: Hereditary, weight loss, hunger, fatigue, thirst, frequent urination, cells kill off
insulin producing beta cells, requires insulin injection and pump, can cause early death,
can cause blindness, retinopathy, heart disease, kidney disease, and feet problem
Type 2: caused by poor diet, being overweight, high blood pressure, neuropathy, body
makes insulin but isn't used properly by the body or is not enough to meet body
demand, treatment- good diet, exercise, meds. UTI, thirst, headaches, fatigue
Explain the difference between negative and positive feedback (give examples). -
Correct Answers -Positive feedback is one circle (Giving birth)
Negative feedback is a figure eight (Blood glucose levels)
Explain the difference between dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis. - Correct Answers
-Dehydration synthesis: Monomers are joined by removal of OH from one monomer and
removal of H from another at the sight of bond formation
Hydrolysis: monomers are released by addition of a water molecule adding OH to one
monomer and H to the other
Explain the process of calorimetry and how it is used to measure the amount of energy
in a food - Correct Answers -Uses a piece of equipment to measure energy released or
absorbed during a chemical reaction or phase change. Allows us to determine the
number of calories per gram of food. Burns a piece of food and energy released is used
to heat as known quantity of water. Temperature change of water is used to determine
amount of energy in food
What is osmosis- explain it in your own words - Correct Answers -Osmosis is the
movement of water Into a region of higher solute concentration to try to balance the
concentration of solute on 2 sides
Exam Review Questions and Answers
Name 5 pieces of evidence that might be obtained at a crime scene that could help
solve the crime - Correct Answers --blood
- DNA
-Hair
-Weapon
- fingerprint
Name all four bases of DNA- which bases are structurally similar to one another? Which
bases pair with each other? Which base is not present in RNA? - Correct Answers -
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine (A-T, G-C)
In RNA, Thymine is replaced with Uracil
What do restriction enzymes do? - Correct Answers -Restriction enzymes come from
bacteria and make cuts in DNA. These fragments can become RFLPs and can be run
through gel electrophoresis
Skin - Correct Answers -Acts as a barrier against pathogens
Phagocytes - Correct Answers -Swallow pathogens
Inflammation - Correct Answers -Allows more blood, carrying WBCs to go to central
B Cells - Correct Answers -Create anti-bodies
T-Cells - Correct Answers -Can kill pathogens
Bladder, kidneys, urethra are all apart of what body system? - Correct Answers -Urinary
Heart and veins are both apart of what body system? - Correct Answers -
Cardiovascular
Lungs, trachea, Larynx are all apart of what body system? - Correct Answers -
Respiratory
, Pancreas, eye, lymph node, thymus, spleen are all apart of what body system? -
Correct Answers -Immune
Brain is apart of what body system? - Correct Answers -Nervous
Gall bladder, teeth are both apart of what body system? - Correct Answers -Digestive
What does gel electrophoresis do? Which way does DNA run on the gel? - Correct
Answers -Separated RFLPs based on size. The smallest pieces travel the furthest.
They migrate to the positive terminal because of DNAs negative charge
How does DNA differ from person to person? - Correct Answers -The sequence and
number of base pairs. Human DNA differs only in the sequence of bases - 0.1%
What strand of DNA would bind with this strand?
ATCGTCAGG - Correct Answers -TAGCAGTCC
Compare the differences of Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes - Correct Answers -
Type 1: Hereditary, weight loss, hunger, fatigue, thirst, frequent urination, cells kill off
insulin producing beta cells, requires insulin injection and pump, can cause early death,
can cause blindness, retinopathy, heart disease, kidney disease, and feet problem
Type 2: caused by poor diet, being overweight, high blood pressure, neuropathy, body
makes insulin but isn't used properly by the body or is not enough to meet body
demand, treatment- good diet, exercise, meds. UTI, thirst, headaches, fatigue
Explain the difference between negative and positive feedback (give examples). -
Correct Answers -Positive feedback is one circle (Giving birth)
Negative feedback is a figure eight (Blood glucose levels)
Explain the difference between dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis. - Correct Answers
-Dehydration synthesis: Monomers are joined by removal of OH from one monomer and
removal of H from another at the sight of bond formation
Hydrolysis: monomers are released by addition of a water molecule adding OH to one
monomer and H to the other
Explain the process of calorimetry and how it is used to measure the amount of energy
in a food - Correct Answers -Uses a piece of equipment to measure energy released or
absorbed during a chemical reaction or phase change. Allows us to determine the
number of calories per gram of food. Burns a piece of food and energy released is used
to heat as known quantity of water. Temperature change of water is used to determine
amount of energy in food
What is osmosis- explain it in your own words - Correct Answers -Osmosis is the
movement of water Into a region of higher solute concentration to try to balance the
concentration of solute on 2 sides
