Comprehensive BCBA Mock Exam: Organizational Behavior and Human Services (OBHS) Practice Test

B - correct answerA client under your supervision engages in frequent rumination that appears to have resulted in substantial weight loss. What is the first assessment task? a. Systematic manipulation of some variable b. Records review c. Nothing - the behavior is not change worthy d. Conduct an IQ test C - correct answerYou find that one of your clients has a substantial anxiety reaction to being in the lunchroom. You posit that there is some kind of respondent conditioning process that has caused this, and you wish to try respondent extinction. This would involve a. Social extinction - ignore the child when he becomes anxious b. Escape extinction - do not let the child escape from the lunchroom c. Have the child frequently enter the lunchroom without any "traumatic" events occurring. d. Have the child perform a task while in the lunchroom. B - correct answerThe philosophy of determinism, as applied to the analysis of behavior, assumes that behavior is: a. subject to random occurrences. b. caused by some event or combination of events. c. a cause of other events. d. determined by the will of the person. B - correct answerYou take an initial baseline on "in seat" behavior. You then implement a token economy in which in seat behavior is reinforced with tokens. Your treatment team decides to demonstrate the efficacy of the token system, and recommends an A-B-C-B reversal design. Which of the following is an example of such a design? a. In the 3rd phase, stop implementing the token system b. In the 3rd phase, present tokens for out of seat behavior c. Present the tokens for in seat behavior in another setting d. Implement a schedule of less frequent tokens in phase 3 A - correct answerYou are talking with a staff member about a client's behavior, and that staff tells you that the client exhibited a tantrum the other day. You wish to set up a program, but you feel that you will need consent to do it. What are the three elements needed? a. capacity, informed, voluntariness b. informed, voluntariness, older than 18 years old c. no coercion, cost/benefits, approval d. informed, approval, legal age B - correct answerDescribe how a DRI schedule might be used to decrease the frequency of walking around and bothering other workers at the work site. a. Have the person earn a reinforcer contingent on the absence of bothering others b. Provide a reinforcer contingent on working diligently and quietly at his seat c. Move his seat away from others and make it somewhat "isolated." d. Reinforce appropriate asking to visit others C - correct answerYou are having trouble getting Kenny on the van. Apparently, the action is effortful, as he has to climb up the stairs, which gives him trouble. In fact, he has actually given up even trying. Using behavioral momentum, how can this be treated? a. Provide a reinforcer for getting on the van. b. Prompt him briskly down the hall, and release him right before he reaches the steps of the van. Then fade the release point backwards. c. Give a reinforcer for some low effort actions then give the direction to "get on the van." d. Give small reinforcers for just looking at the van, then slowly increase the size of the reinforcer as he begins getting up to walk toward the van. B - correct answerYou are working with a client who finds physical touch to be aversive. When the person is off task, the program calls for you to give a warning by counting to "10"; at that point, you gently touch him if he has not back on task. The touch remains until he returns to task. Please note that being touched is aversive for this particular individual. If the person gets back on task during the counting, this is an example of: a. Escape b. Avoidance c. Positive reinforcement d. Stimulus fading A - correct answerYou are working with a client who finds physical touch to be aversive. When the person is off task, the program calls for you to give a warning by counting to "10"; at that point, you gently touch him if he has not back on task. The touch remains until he returns to task. Please note that being touched is aversive for this particular individual. If the person gets back on task when he is touched, this is an example of: a. Escape b. Avoidance c. Positive reinforcement d. Negative punishment C - correct answerWhich of the following is NOT a characteristic of effective punishment? a. FR1 b. Unpaired with reinforcement c. Slowly increasing the intensity of the punisher over time d. Ensure alternative ways of obtaining the reinforcer D - correct answerA child is having a tantrum in your classroom. You believe that the tantrum is occurring for your attention. You therefore ignore the tantrum until it ceases while continuing daily activities. You note that the tantrums decrease over time. This is an example of: a. Punishment b. Establishing operation c. Timeout from reinforcement d. Extinction C - correct answerYou have been asked to consult on a case involving a 10 year old girl who engages in some severe SIB at home, such as scratching her head, banging her head, and poking her eyes. She lives at home with her mother and father. She is nonverbal, but will take her parents by the hand and show them things that she wants. She seems to be able to perform many tasks, but the SIB definitely interferes with many activities. For example, she engages in high-rate SIB during meals. Select the most reasonable first step in the treatment process. a. Quickly design a program to address the SIB b. Consult with her teachers regarding her self-esteem c. Conduct interviews with the parents and ask for any records that are available d. Conduct interviews with her teachers and ask for any records that are available A - correct answerYou have been asked to consult on a case involving a 10 year old girl who engages in some severe SIB at home, such as scratching her head, banging her head, and poking her eyes. She lives at home with her mother and father. She is nonverbal, but will take her parents by the hand and show them things that she wants. She seems to be able to perform many tasks, but the SIB definitely interferes with many activities. For example, she engages in high-rate SIB during meals. Select the most reasonable first step in the treatment process. You wish to conduct some descriptive analyses. Which of the following is NOT a rationale for such an activity? a. To determine functional relations b. To provide information that might lead to a functional relationship c. To examine patterns of the behavior d. To generate hypotheses about the behavior B - correct answerYou have been asked to consult on a case involving a 10 year old girl who engages in some severe SIB at home, such as scratching her head, banging her head, and poking her eyes. She lives at home with her mother and father. She is nonverbal, but will take her parents by the hand and show them things that she wants. She seems to be able to perform many tasks, but the SIB definitely interferes with many activities. For example, she engages in high-rate SIB during meals. Select the most reasonable first step in the treatment process. At first, you are puzzled by the behavior. You therefore work with the child, and then let the hypotheses evolve from your data. This example demonstrates the process of: a. Induction b. Deduction c. Social learning theory d. Stimulus equivalence D - correct answerYou have been asked to consult on a case involving a 10 year old girl who engages in some severe SIB at home, such as scratching her head, banging her head, and poking her eyes. She lives at home with her mother and father. She is nonverbal, but will take her parents by the hand and show them things that she wants. She seems to be able to perform many tasks, but the SIB definitely interferes with many activities. For example, she engages in high-rate SIB during meals. To conduct your descriptive analysis, you realize that someone should consent to the process. From whom should you obtain consent? a. The child b. The parents c. The teachers d. Both the child and the parents B - correct answerYou have been asked to consult on a case involving a 10 year old girl who engages in some severe SIB at home, such as scratching her head, banging her head, and poking her eyes. She lives at home with her mother and father. She is nonverbal, but will take her parents by the hand and show them things that she wants. She seems to be able to perform many tasks, but the SIB definitely interferes with many activities. For example, she engages in high-rate SIB during meals. During some of your interviews, the parents report that the behavior began about 2 years ago when the child was afflicted with a serious intestinal bacterial infection. What should be your next step? a. Include that fact in your analysis b. Immediately ask for a medical exam that looks at the status of the infection c. Conduct a functional analysis of the current reinforcers d. Report the problem to child protective services B - correct answerYou have been asked to consult on a case involving a 10 year old girl who engages in some severe SIB at home, such as scratching her head, banging her head, and poking her eyes. She lives at home with her mother and father. She is nonverbal, but will take her parents by the hand and show them things that she wants. She seems to be able to perform many tasks, but the SIB definitely interferes with many activities. For example, she engages in high-rate SIB during meals. One of the tools that you wish to use is a pattern analysis. Which best exemplifies this method? a. Have the parents record a narrative during the day so that you can examine the behavior and the situations under which it occurs. b. Have the parents record behaviors and the time that they occur during the day c. Set up an ABC format sheet and have the parents record behavior d. Allow the parents to tally the data frequencies and the antecedents they observed C - correct answerYou have been asked to consult on a case involving a 10 year old girl who engages in some severe SIB at home, such as scratching her head, banging her head, and poking her eyes. She lives at home with her mother and father. She is nonverbal, but will take her parents by the hand and show them things that she wants. She seems to be able to perform many tasks, but the SIB definitely interferes with many activities. For example, she engages in high-rate SIB during meals. From your descriptive analysis, you generate many kinds of information. You would like to have some rate data across days. How might you do this? a. Plot the number of occurrences of the behavior b. Count the number of occurrences and plot them by the situation in which they occurred c. Count the number of occurrences and divide by the recording time each day d. Count the number of occurrences and multiply it by the dependent variable B - correct answerThe results of your descriptive analysis suggest that the SIB occurs when the mother is not in close proximity to the child. Thus, she begins to injure herself anytime the mother leaves her side. Data also show that in general, SIB is followed by mother returning to the child. You wish to do some systematic manipulations to confirm the hypothesis. Which of the following best exemplifies this? a. Collect and organize ABC data b. Have mom remain close to the child. Then have her leave the child's side. Count SIB when the child is close to mom and when mom is not close by. c. Examine ABC data and look for SIB when mom is close by and when mom is not. d. Examine SIB in and out of task. B - correct answerThe results of your descriptive analysis suggest that the SIB occurs when the mother is not in close proximity to the child. Thus, she begins to injure herself anytime the mother leaves her side. Data also show that in general, SIB is followed by mother returning to the child. Which of the following is the best rationale for conducting a systematic manipulation in this case? a. To collect all of the information possible about the SIB b. To provide the most reliable information about the function of the SIB c. To provide external validity information d. To provide some inductive reasoning for the assessment B - correct answerThe results of your descriptive analysis suggest that the SIB occurs when the mother is not in close proximity to the child. Thus, she begins to injure herself anytime the mother leaves her side. Data also show that in general, SIB is followed by mother returning to the child. In the systematic manipulation, you indeed see that the child quickly engages in SIB as soon as the mom leaves her side. In fact, it starts up within 1-2 seconds after the mom gets up to leave. These are examples of what kind of data? a. Rate b. Latency c. Duration d. Partial interval recording C - correct answerThe results of your descriptive analysis suggest that the SIB occurs when the mother is not in close proximity to the child. Thus, she begins to injure herself anytime the mother leaves her side. Data also show that in general, SIB is followed by mother returning to the child. Your systematic manipulations confirm that the behavior occurs whenever the mom leaves the child's side. The next step is to design an intervention. Which of the following is the best approach to design an intervention? a. Slowly fade the mom's presence from the child b. Teach the child kid to engage in activities without mom close by. Use food as the reinforcer. c. Teach the child to engage in activities without mom close by. Use proximity to mom as the reinforcer. d. Reinforce independent functioning and use overcorrection for SIB. A - correct answerThe results of your descriptive analysis suggest that the SIB occurs when the mother is not in close proximity to the child. Thus, she begins to injure herself anytime the mother leaves her side. Data also show that in general, SIB is followed by mother returning to the child. You would like to use a reinforcer for independent functioning. The question is how long do you ask her to perform these activities before the reinforcer is delivered? What kind of data do you need to answer that question? a. Latency of SIB after mom leaves b. Duration of SIB episodes c. Rate data d. Trails to criterion C - correct answerThe results of your descriptive analysis suggest that the SIB occurs when the mother is not in close proximity to the child. Thus, she begins to injure herself anytime the mother leaves her side. Data also show that in general, SIB is followed by mother returning to the child. A main question is how to address the SIB as well as what to do when the SIB occurs. Select the best, most reasonable approach in this case. a. Overcorrection in which the child practices signing for mom's attention b. Implement Isolation timeout each time SIB occurs c. Gradually decrease the mother's proximity and prevent or block SIB as necessary; also train a functionally equivalent replacement behavior to access mom's attention d. Ignore the SIB until it extinguishes B - correct answerThe results of your descriptive analysis suggest that the SIB occurs when the mother is not in close proximity to the child. Thus, she begins to injure herself anytime the mother leaves her side. Data also show that in general, SIB is followed by mother returning to the child. Another variable that you wish to study is sleep patterns. You are guessing that when she does not sleep well, the SIB becomes more violent. This is what type of variable? a. SD b. MO c. CS d. CR