,Porth’s Pathophysiology 10th Edition Norris Test Bank
d d d d d d
1. Atdandinternationaldnursingdconference,dmanyddiscussionsdanddbreakoutdsessionsdfocusedd
ondthedWorlddHealthdOrganizationd(WHO)dviewsdondhealth.dOfdthedfollowingdcommentsd
madedbydnursesdduringdaddiscussiondsession,dwhichdstatementsdwoulddbedconsidereddadgoo
ddrepresentationdofdthedWHOddefinition?dSelectdalldthatdapply.
A) Interestsdindkeepingdthedelderlydpopulationdengageddindsuchdactivitiesdasdbookdr
eviewsdanddworddgamesdduringdsocialdtime
B) Increasedindthednumberdofdchairdaerobicsdclassesdprovideddindthedskilleddcaredf
acilities
C) Interventionsdgeareddtowarddkeepingdthedelderlydpopulationddiagnoseddwithddiabet
esdmellitusdunderdtightdblooddglucosedcontroldbydprovidingdin-homedcookingdclasses
D) Providingdtransportationdfordrenalddialysisdpatientsdtodanddfromdtheirdhemodialysisds
essions
E) Providingdhandwashingdteachingdsessionsdtodadgroupdofdyoungdchildrend
Ans:dA,dB,dC,dE
Feedback:
ThedWHOddefinitiondofdhealthdisddefineddasd“adstatedofdcompletedphysical,dmental,danddsoc
ialdwell-
beingdanddnotdmerelydthedabsencedofddiseasedanddinfirmity.”dEngagingdindbookdreviewsdfa
cilitatesdmentaldanddsocialdwell-being;dchairdaerobicsdhelpsdfacilitatedphysicaldwell-
being;danddassistingdwithdtightdcontroldofddiabetesdhelpsdwithdfacilitatingdphysicaldwell-
beingdevendthoughdthedpersondhasdadchronicddisease.dHandwashingdisdvitaldindthedpreventio
ndofddiseasedanddspreaddofdgerms.
2. Adcommunitydhealthdnursedisdteachingdadgroupdofdrecentdgraduatesdaboutdthedlargedvar
ietydofdfactorsdthatdinfluencedandindividual'sdhealthdordlackdthereof.dThednursedisdreferr
ingdtodthedHealthydPeopled2020dreportdfromdthedU.S.dDepartmentdofdHealthdanddHuma
ndServicesdasdadteachingdexample.dOfdthedfollowingdaspectsddiscussed,dwhichdwoulddb
edconsidereddaddeterminantdofdhealthdthatdisdoutsidedthedfocusdofdthisdreport?
A) ThedclientdhasdaddiversedbackgrounddbydbeingdofdAsiandanddNativedAmericanddes
centdanddpracticesdvariousdalternativedtherapiesdtodminimizedeffectsdofdstress.
B) Thedclientdhasdadfamilydhistorydofdcardiovascularddiseasedrelateddtodhypercho
lesterolemiadanddremainsdnoncompliantdwithdthedtreatmentdregime.
C) Thedclientdhasdadgooddcareerdwithdexceptionaldpreventativedhealthdcaredbenefits.
D) Thedclientdlivesdindandaffluent,dclean,dsuburbandcommunitydwithdaccessdtodmanyd
healthdcaredfacilities.
Ans:dB
Feedback:
IndHealthydPeopled2020,dthedfocusdisdtodpromotedgooddhealthdtodalld(suchdasdusingdalternati
vedtherapiesdtodminimizedeffectsdofdstress);dachievingdhealthdequitydanddpromotingdhealthd
fordalld(whichdincludesdhavingdgooddhealthdcaredbenefits);danddpromotingdgooddhealthd(wh
ichdincludesdlivingdindadcleandcommunitydwithdgooddaccessdtodhealthdcare).dAdclient'sdnonc
ompliancedwithdtreatmentsdtodcontroldhighdcholesteroldlevelsdwithindthedpresencedofdadfam
ilydhistorydofdCVddiseaseddoesdnotdmeetdthed“attainingdlivesdfreedofdpreventableddiseasedan
ddprematureddeath”ddeterminant.
,3. Adphysiciandisdprovidingdcaredfordadnumberdofdpatientsdondadmedicaldunitdofdadlarge,duniver
sitydhospital.dThedphysiciandisddiscussingdwithdadcolleaguedtheddifferentiationdbetweenddis
easesdthatdaredcauseddbydabnormaldmoleculesdandddiseasesdthatdcauseddisease.dWhichdofdthe
dfollowingdpatientsdmostdclearlyddemonstratesdthedconsequencesdofdmoleculesdthatdcausedd
isease?
A) Ad31-year-
olddwomandwithdsickledcelldanemiadwhodisdreceivingdadtransfusiondofdpackeddredd
blooddcells
B) Ad91-year-
olddwomandwhodhasdexperienceddandischemicdstrokedresultingdfromdfamilialdhy
percholesterolemia
C) Ad19-year-
olddmandwithdexacerbationdofdhisdcysticdfibrosisdrequiringdoxygendtherapydand
dchestdphysiotherapy
D) Ad30-year-
olddhomelessdmandwhodhasdPneumocystisdcariniidpneumoniad(PCP)danddisdHIVdposi
tive.
Ans:dD
Feedback:
PCPdisdandexampledofdthedeffectdofdadmoleculedthatddirectlydcontributesdtoddisease.dSickledc
elldanemia,dfamilialdhypercholesterolemia,danddcysticdfibrosisdaredalldexamplesdofdthedeffe
ctsdofdabnormaldmolecules.
4. Admemberdofdthedhealthdcaredteamdisdresearchingdthedetiologydanddpathogenesisdofdadnu
mberdofdclientsdwhodaredunderdhisdcaredindadhospitaldcontext.dWhichdofdthedfollowingdasp
ectsdofdclients'dsituationsdbN
esUtdR
chSaI
raN
ctGerTizBe.
sdpCaOt hMo ge n e s i s dratherdthandetiology?
A) AdclientdwhodhasdbeendexposeddtodthedMycobacteriumdtuberculosisdbacterium
B) Adclientdwhodhasdincreasingdserumdammoniadlevelsdduedtodliverdcirrhosis
C) Adclientdwhodwasdadmitteddwithdthedeffectsdofdmethyldalcoholdpoisoning
D) Adclientdwithdmultipledskeletaldinjuriesdsecondarydtodadmotordvehicledaccidentd
Ans:dB
Feedback:
Pathogenesisdrefersdtodthedprogressivedanddevolutionarydcoursedofddisease,dsuchdasdthedincr
easingdammoniadlevelsdthatdaccompanydliverddisease.dBacteria,dpoisons,danddtraumaticdinj
uriesdaredexamplesdofdetiologicdfactors.
, 5. Adnewdmyocardialdinfarctiondpatientdrequiringdangioplastydanddstentdplacementdhasdarrive
ddtodhisdfirstdcardiacdrehabilitationdappointment.dIndthisdfirstdsession,dadreviewdofdthedpatho
genesisdofdcoronarydarteryddiseasedisdaddressed.dWhichdstatementdbydthedpatientdverifiesdto
dthednursedthatdhedhasdunderstooddthednurse'sdteachingsdaboutdcoronarydarteryddisease?
A) “AlldIdhavedtoddodisdstopdsmoking,danddthendIdwon'tdhavedanydmoredheartattacks.”
B) “Mydarterydwasdcloggeddbydfat,dsodIdwilldneeddtodstopdeatingdfattydfoodsdlikedF
renchdfriesdeverydday.”
C) “Soundsdlikedthisdbegandbecausedofdinflammationdinsidedmydarterydthatdmadeditde
asydtodformdfattydstreaks,dwhichdleaddtodmydcloggeddartery.”
D) “IfdIddodnotdexercisedregularlydtodgetdmydheartdratedup,dblooddpoolsdindthedveinsdcau
singdadclotdthatdstopsdblooddflowdtodthedmuscle,danddIdwilldhavedadheartdattack.”
Ans:dC
Feedback:
Thedtruedetiology/causedofdcoronarydarteryddiseased(CAD)disdunknown;dhowever,dthedpath
ogenesisdofdtheddisorderdrelatesdtodthedprogressiondofdthedinflammatorydprocessdfromdadfatt
ydstreakdtodthedocclusivedvesseldlesiondseendindpeopledwithdcoronarydarteryddisease.dRiskdfa
ctorsdfordCADdrevolvedarounddcigarettedsmoking,ddietdhighdindfat,danddlackdofdexercise.
6. Ad77-year-
olddmandisdadhospitaldinpatientdadmitteddfordexacerbationdofdhisdchronicdobstructivedpulm
onaryddiseased(COPD),danddadrespiratorydtherapistd(RT)disdassessingdthedclientdfordthedfirstd
time.dWhichNU ofRthSeIfN
olG
loTwBin.gCaO
spMectsdofdthedpatient'sdcurrentdstatedofdhealthdwoulddbedbestd
characterizeddasdadsymptomdratherdthandadsign?
A) Thedpatient'sdoxygendsaturationdisd83%dbydpulsedoxymetry.
B) Thedpatientdnotesdthatdhedhasdincreaseddworkdofdbreathingdwhendlyingdsupine.
C) ThedRTdhearsddiminisheddbreathdsoundsdtodthedpatient'sdlowerdlungdfieldsd
bilaterally.
D) Thedpatient'sdrespiratorydratedisd31dbreaths/minute.d
Ans:dB
Feedback:
Symptomsdaredsubjectivedcomplaintsdbydthedpersondexperiencingdthedhealthdproblem,ds
uchdasdcomplaintsdofdbreathingddifficulty.dOxygendlevels,dlisteningdtodbreathdsounds,da
nddrespiratorydratedaredalldobjective,dobservabledsignsdofddisease.
d d d d d d
1. Atdandinternationaldnursingdconference,dmanyddiscussionsdanddbreakoutdsessionsdfocusedd
ondthedWorlddHealthdOrganizationd(WHO)dviewsdondhealth.dOfdthedfollowingdcommentsd
madedbydnursesdduringdaddiscussiondsession,dwhichdstatementsdwoulddbedconsidereddadgoo
ddrepresentationdofdthedWHOddefinition?dSelectdalldthatdapply.
A) Interestsdindkeepingdthedelderlydpopulationdengageddindsuchdactivitiesdasdbookdr
eviewsdanddworddgamesdduringdsocialdtime
B) Increasedindthednumberdofdchairdaerobicsdclassesdprovideddindthedskilleddcaredf
acilities
C) Interventionsdgeareddtowarddkeepingdthedelderlydpopulationddiagnoseddwithddiabet
esdmellitusdunderdtightdblooddglucosedcontroldbydprovidingdin-homedcookingdclasses
D) Providingdtransportationdfordrenalddialysisdpatientsdtodanddfromdtheirdhemodialysisds
essions
E) Providingdhandwashingdteachingdsessionsdtodadgroupdofdyoungdchildrend
Ans:dA,dB,dC,dE
Feedback:
ThedWHOddefinitiondofdhealthdisddefineddasd“adstatedofdcompletedphysical,dmental,danddsoc
ialdwell-
beingdanddnotdmerelydthedabsencedofddiseasedanddinfirmity.”dEngagingdindbookdreviewsdfa
cilitatesdmentaldanddsocialdwell-being;dchairdaerobicsdhelpsdfacilitatedphysicaldwell-
being;danddassistingdwithdtightdcontroldofddiabetesdhelpsdwithdfacilitatingdphysicaldwell-
beingdevendthoughdthedpersondhasdadchronicddisease.dHandwashingdisdvitaldindthedpreventio
ndofddiseasedanddspreaddofdgerms.
2. Adcommunitydhealthdnursedisdteachingdadgroupdofdrecentdgraduatesdaboutdthedlargedvar
ietydofdfactorsdthatdinfluencedandindividual'sdhealthdordlackdthereof.dThednursedisdreferr
ingdtodthedHealthydPeopled2020dreportdfromdthedU.S.dDepartmentdofdHealthdanddHuma
ndServicesdasdadteachingdexample.dOfdthedfollowingdaspectsddiscussed,dwhichdwoulddb
edconsidereddaddeterminantdofdhealthdthatdisdoutsidedthedfocusdofdthisdreport?
A) ThedclientdhasdaddiversedbackgrounddbydbeingdofdAsiandanddNativedAmericanddes
centdanddpracticesdvariousdalternativedtherapiesdtodminimizedeffectsdofdstress.
B) Thedclientdhasdadfamilydhistorydofdcardiovascularddiseasedrelateddtodhypercho
lesterolemiadanddremainsdnoncompliantdwithdthedtreatmentdregime.
C) Thedclientdhasdadgooddcareerdwithdexceptionaldpreventativedhealthdcaredbenefits.
D) Thedclientdlivesdindandaffluent,dclean,dsuburbandcommunitydwithdaccessdtodmanyd
healthdcaredfacilities.
Ans:dB
Feedback:
IndHealthydPeopled2020,dthedfocusdisdtodpromotedgooddhealthdtodalld(suchdasdusingdalternati
vedtherapiesdtodminimizedeffectsdofdstress);dachievingdhealthdequitydanddpromotingdhealthd
fordalld(whichdincludesdhavingdgooddhealthdcaredbenefits);danddpromotingdgooddhealthd(wh
ichdincludesdlivingdindadcleandcommunitydwithdgooddaccessdtodhealthdcare).dAdclient'sdnonc
ompliancedwithdtreatmentsdtodcontroldhighdcholesteroldlevelsdwithindthedpresencedofdadfam
ilydhistorydofdCVddiseaseddoesdnotdmeetdthed“attainingdlivesdfreedofdpreventableddiseasedan
ddprematureddeath”ddeterminant.
,3. Adphysiciandisdprovidingdcaredfordadnumberdofdpatientsdondadmedicaldunitdofdadlarge,duniver
sitydhospital.dThedphysiciandisddiscussingdwithdadcolleaguedtheddifferentiationdbetweenddis
easesdthatdaredcauseddbydabnormaldmoleculesdandddiseasesdthatdcauseddisease.dWhichdofdthe
dfollowingdpatientsdmostdclearlyddemonstratesdthedconsequencesdofdmoleculesdthatdcausedd
isease?
A) Ad31-year-
olddwomandwithdsickledcelldanemiadwhodisdreceivingdadtransfusiondofdpackeddredd
blooddcells
B) Ad91-year-
olddwomandwhodhasdexperienceddandischemicdstrokedresultingdfromdfamilialdhy
percholesterolemia
C) Ad19-year-
olddmandwithdexacerbationdofdhisdcysticdfibrosisdrequiringdoxygendtherapydand
dchestdphysiotherapy
D) Ad30-year-
olddhomelessdmandwhodhasdPneumocystisdcariniidpneumoniad(PCP)danddisdHIVdposi
tive.
Ans:dD
Feedback:
PCPdisdandexampledofdthedeffectdofdadmoleculedthatddirectlydcontributesdtoddisease.dSickledc
elldanemia,dfamilialdhypercholesterolemia,danddcysticdfibrosisdaredalldexamplesdofdthedeffe
ctsdofdabnormaldmolecules.
4. Admemberdofdthedhealthdcaredteamdisdresearchingdthedetiologydanddpathogenesisdofdadnu
mberdofdclientsdwhodaredunderdhisdcaredindadhospitaldcontext.dWhichdofdthedfollowingdasp
ectsdofdclients'dsituationsdbN
esUtdR
chSaI
raN
ctGerTizBe.
sdpCaOt hMo ge n e s i s dratherdthandetiology?
A) AdclientdwhodhasdbeendexposeddtodthedMycobacteriumdtuberculosisdbacterium
B) Adclientdwhodhasdincreasingdserumdammoniadlevelsdduedtodliverdcirrhosis
C) Adclientdwhodwasdadmitteddwithdthedeffectsdofdmethyldalcoholdpoisoning
D) Adclientdwithdmultipledskeletaldinjuriesdsecondarydtodadmotordvehicledaccidentd
Ans:dB
Feedback:
Pathogenesisdrefersdtodthedprogressivedanddevolutionarydcoursedofddisease,dsuchdasdthedincr
easingdammoniadlevelsdthatdaccompanydliverddisease.dBacteria,dpoisons,danddtraumaticdinj
uriesdaredexamplesdofdetiologicdfactors.
, 5. Adnewdmyocardialdinfarctiondpatientdrequiringdangioplastydanddstentdplacementdhasdarrive
ddtodhisdfirstdcardiacdrehabilitationdappointment.dIndthisdfirstdsession,dadreviewdofdthedpatho
genesisdofdcoronarydarteryddiseasedisdaddressed.dWhichdstatementdbydthedpatientdverifiesdto
dthednursedthatdhedhasdunderstooddthednurse'sdteachingsdaboutdcoronarydarteryddisease?
A) “AlldIdhavedtoddodisdstopdsmoking,danddthendIdwon'tdhavedanydmoredheartattacks.”
B) “Mydarterydwasdcloggeddbydfat,dsodIdwilldneeddtodstopdeatingdfattydfoodsdlikedF
renchdfriesdeverydday.”
C) “Soundsdlikedthisdbegandbecausedofdinflammationdinsidedmydarterydthatdmadeditde
asydtodformdfattydstreaks,dwhichdleaddtodmydcloggeddartery.”
D) “IfdIddodnotdexercisedregularlydtodgetdmydheartdratedup,dblooddpoolsdindthedveinsdcau
singdadclotdthatdstopsdblooddflowdtodthedmuscle,danddIdwilldhavedadheartdattack.”
Ans:dC
Feedback:
Thedtruedetiology/causedofdcoronarydarteryddiseased(CAD)disdunknown;dhowever,dthedpath
ogenesisdofdtheddisorderdrelatesdtodthedprogressiondofdthedinflammatorydprocessdfromdadfatt
ydstreakdtodthedocclusivedvesseldlesiondseendindpeopledwithdcoronarydarteryddisease.dRiskdfa
ctorsdfordCADdrevolvedarounddcigarettedsmoking,ddietdhighdindfat,danddlackdofdexercise.
6. Ad77-year-
olddmandisdadhospitaldinpatientdadmitteddfordexacerbationdofdhisdchronicdobstructivedpulm
onaryddiseased(COPD),danddadrespiratorydtherapistd(RT)disdassessingdthedclientdfordthedfirstd
time.dWhichNU ofRthSeIfN
olG
loTwBin.gCaO
spMectsdofdthedpatient'sdcurrentdstatedofdhealthdwoulddbedbestd
characterizeddasdadsymptomdratherdthandadsign?
A) Thedpatient'sdoxygendsaturationdisd83%dbydpulsedoxymetry.
B) Thedpatientdnotesdthatdhedhasdincreaseddworkdofdbreathingdwhendlyingdsupine.
C) ThedRTdhearsddiminisheddbreathdsoundsdtodthedpatient'sdlowerdlungdfieldsd
bilaterally.
D) Thedpatient'sdrespiratorydratedisd31dbreaths/minute.d
Ans:dB
Feedback:
Symptomsdaredsubjectivedcomplaintsdbydthedpersondexperiencingdthedhealthdproblem,ds
uchdasdcomplaintsdofdbreathingddifficulty.dOxygendlevels,dlisteningdtodbreathdsounds,da
nddrespiratorydratedaredalldobjective,dobservabledsignsdofddisease.
