DHN 311 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS 2024 LATEST
UPDATE
One source of the acetyl CoA that is used to make cholesterol was from excess _____
that was converted to acetyl CoA. - Answer-glucose
Cholesterol is made in nearly all tissues of the body with a good bit of it being generated
by the ____. - Answer-liver
Cholesterol is derived from two sources, de novo synthesis and _____. - Answer-diet
Humans do not need to eat dietary cholesterol because..... - Answer-our tissues can
make enough to meet our bodies needs
the balance in cholesterol influx and efflux do not always balance which leads to
deposition of cholesterol in the ______ ______ of blood vessels . - Answer-endothelial
lining
Cholesterol falls under the classification of _____ because it is a very _____ compound
that consists of four fused carbon rings (A-D), which contain many _____. - Answer-
lipids
hydrophobic
carbons
Cholesterol esters have a _____ _____ attached to the third carbon of ring A. - Answer-
fatty acid
Adding the fatty acid to cholesterol makes the cholesterol molecule... - Answer-.....more
hydrophobic than non-esterified cholesterol
________ is the major enzyme control point for cholesterol biosynthesis. - Answer-HMG
CoA reductase
As total body cholesterol _____ the rate of synthesis tends to decrease. - Answer-
increases
The increase and decrease in cholesterol synthesis in response to dietary cholesterol is
unique to the ______. - Answer-liver
The steroid hormones included.... - Answer-1. glucocorticoids
, 2. mineralocorticoids
3. sex hormones
_____ is the precursor for all of these steroid hormones. - Answer-cholesterol
An example of a glucocorticoid is ____. - Answer-cortisol
An example of a mineralocorticoid is _____. - Answer-aldosterone
Examples of sex hormones are ____ and ____. - Answer-1. androgens
2. estrogens
The mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids are made in the _____ cortex. - Answer-
adrenal
The sex hormones are made in the ovaries, placenta and _____. - Answer-testes
Where does fatty acid synthesis occur (tissues and section of the cell)? - Answer-occurs
in the liver, mammary glands and adipose tissue
in the cytosol
when does fatty acid synthesis occur? - Answer-it occurs in the FED state
which hormones promote and inhibit FAS? - Answer-insulin: promotes
glucagon: inhibits
What is the role of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase?
Acetyl CoA Carboxylase is needed to carboxylize acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA - Answer-
acetyl CoA carboxylase is needed to carboxylic acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA
how is ACC regulated? - Answer-ACC is unregulated by insulin
what are the steps (4) involved in the fatty acid synthase system and what is happening
in each - Answer-1. condensation: losing CO2
2. reduction: donating hydrogen (removing a double bond)
3. dehydration: removing water (forming a double bond)
4. reduction: donating hydrogen to remove a double bond
What is the final end product of FAS? - Answer-the end product is palmitic acid
what can happen to the end product of FAS once it is formed? - Answer-once it is
formed it can be elongated in the smooth ER
what kind of enzymes are involved in the elongation of palmitic acid? - Answer-the
enzymes involved are malonyl CoA and NADPH
CORRECT ANSWERS 2024 LATEST
UPDATE
One source of the acetyl CoA that is used to make cholesterol was from excess _____
that was converted to acetyl CoA. - Answer-glucose
Cholesterol is made in nearly all tissues of the body with a good bit of it being generated
by the ____. - Answer-liver
Cholesterol is derived from two sources, de novo synthesis and _____. - Answer-diet
Humans do not need to eat dietary cholesterol because..... - Answer-our tissues can
make enough to meet our bodies needs
the balance in cholesterol influx and efflux do not always balance which leads to
deposition of cholesterol in the ______ ______ of blood vessels . - Answer-endothelial
lining
Cholesterol falls under the classification of _____ because it is a very _____ compound
that consists of four fused carbon rings (A-D), which contain many _____. - Answer-
lipids
hydrophobic
carbons
Cholesterol esters have a _____ _____ attached to the third carbon of ring A. - Answer-
fatty acid
Adding the fatty acid to cholesterol makes the cholesterol molecule... - Answer-.....more
hydrophobic than non-esterified cholesterol
________ is the major enzyme control point for cholesterol biosynthesis. - Answer-HMG
CoA reductase
As total body cholesterol _____ the rate of synthesis tends to decrease. - Answer-
increases
The increase and decrease in cholesterol synthesis in response to dietary cholesterol is
unique to the ______. - Answer-liver
The steroid hormones included.... - Answer-1. glucocorticoids
, 2. mineralocorticoids
3. sex hormones
_____ is the precursor for all of these steroid hormones. - Answer-cholesterol
An example of a glucocorticoid is ____. - Answer-cortisol
An example of a mineralocorticoid is _____. - Answer-aldosterone
Examples of sex hormones are ____ and ____. - Answer-1. androgens
2. estrogens
The mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids are made in the _____ cortex. - Answer-
adrenal
The sex hormones are made in the ovaries, placenta and _____. - Answer-testes
Where does fatty acid synthesis occur (tissues and section of the cell)? - Answer-occurs
in the liver, mammary glands and adipose tissue
in the cytosol
when does fatty acid synthesis occur? - Answer-it occurs in the FED state
which hormones promote and inhibit FAS? - Answer-insulin: promotes
glucagon: inhibits
What is the role of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase?
Acetyl CoA Carboxylase is needed to carboxylize acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA - Answer-
acetyl CoA carboxylase is needed to carboxylic acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA
how is ACC regulated? - Answer-ACC is unregulated by insulin
what are the steps (4) involved in the fatty acid synthase system and what is happening
in each - Answer-1. condensation: losing CO2
2. reduction: donating hydrogen (removing a double bond)
3. dehydration: removing water (forming a double bond)
4. reduction: donating hydrogen to remove a double bond
What is the final end product of FAS? - Answer-the end product is palmitic acid
what can happen to the end product of FAS once it is formed? - Answer-once it is
formed it can be elongated in the smooth ER
what kind of enzymes are involved in the elongation of palmitic acid? - Answer-the
enzymes involved are malonyl CoA and NADPH
