Carbohydrates
Compiled By Simon Mwangi
Edition: 2024/25
, Science | Biochemistry I of IV pages
1. 3 functions of carbohydrates
Source of energy StructureReceptors/information molecules
2. 4 monosaccharides
GlucoseGalactoseFructose Ribose
3. How many monomers are in a oligosaccharide?
3-9
4. How many monomers are in a polysaccharide?
>9
5. 4 classes of carbohydrates
MomosaccharidesDisaccharidesOligosaccharidesPolysaccharides
6. Can carbonhydrates have multiple chiral carbons?
Yes
7. Can carbs both have branched and linear structures?
Yes (unlike protein which is only linear)
8. Are polysaccharides identical?
No, they are only similar but always unique
9. How can carbohydrates be linked to proteins and lipids?
Covalently
10. What are the functional groups that carbohydrates can have?
Aldehydes Ketones
11. What functional groups do all carbohydrates always have?
Carbonyl
12. On which side is the OH (hydroxyl) group in a D-carbohydrate?
The right
13. On which side is the OH (hydroxyl) group in a L-carbohydrate?
The left
14. What is D-ribose important for?
DNA
15. What are stereoisomers?
Nonsuperimposable mirror images
16. What are D and L isomers of sugars?
Enantiomers
Biochemistry 2024/25 Edition