ATI PHARMACOLOGY;EXAM 100 QUESTIONS AND DETAILED ANSWERS WITH NGN
2024 GRADED A+
A patient tells the nurse that he has started to take an OTC antihistamine, diphenhydramine. In teaching
about side effects, what is most important for the nurse to tell the patient?
A: To avoid insominia, do not take this drug at bedtime.
B: Avoid driving a motor vehicle until stabilized on the drug
C: Nightmares and nervousness are more likely in an adult
D: Medication may cause excessive secretions - answer-B: Avoid driving a motor vehicle until stabilized
on the drug
A patient complains of a sore throat and has been told it is due to beta-hemolytic streptococcal
infection. The nurse anticipates that the patient has which acute condition? A. Rhinitis
B. Sinusitis
C. Pharyngitis
D. Rhinorrhea - answer-C. Pharyngitis
A patient is prescribed a decongestant nasal spray that contains oxymetazoline. What will the nurse
teach the patient?
A. Take this drug at bedtime because it may cause drowsiness.
B. Directly spray the medication away from the nasal septum and gently sniff.
C. This drug may be used in maintenance treatment for asthma.
D. Limit use of the drug to 5 to 7 days to prevent rebound nasal congestion - answer-D. Limit use of the
drug to 5 to 7 days to prevent rebound nasal congestion
A patent has been prescribed guaifensin. The nurse understands that the purpose of the drug is to
accomplish what?
A. Treat allergic rhinitis and prevent motion sickness
B. Loosen bronchial secretions so coughing can eliminate them
C. Complete with histamine for receptor sites, thus preventing a histamine response.
D. Stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors, thus producing vascular constriction of capillaries in nasal
mucosa - answer-B. Loosen bronchial secretions so coughing can eliminate them
,Beclomethasone has been prescribed for a patient with allergic rhinitis. What should the nurse teach the
patient regarding this medications?
A. This may be used for an acute attack.
B. An oral form is available if the patient prefers to use it.
C. Avoid large amounts of caffeine intake because an increased heart rate may occur.
D. With continuous use, dryness of the nasal mucosa/lining may occur - answer-D. With continuous use,
dryness of the nasal mucosa/lining may occur
The nurse is teaching a patient about diphenhydramine. Which instructions should the nurse include in
the patient's teaching plan? (Select all that apply)
A. Take medication on an empty stomach to facilitate absorption
B. Avoid alcohol and other central nervous system depressants.
C. Notify a health care provider if confusion or hypotension occurs
D. Use sugarless candy, gum, or ice chips for temporary relief of dry mouth.
E. Avoid handling dangerous equipment or performing dangerous activities until stabilized on the
medication - answer-B. Avoid alcohol and other central nervous system depressants.
C. Notify a health care provider if confusion or hypotension occurs
D. Use sugarless candy, gum, or ice chips for temporary relief of dry mouth.
E. Avoid handling dangerous equipment or performing dangerous activities until stabilized on the
medication
Fluticasone propionate and salmeterol combination inhalation is ordered for a patient with COPD. What
does the nurse now about this medication? A. It can be used to treat an acute attack.
B. It is delivered as a dry-powder inhaler.
C. It contains a beta1 agonist and cromolyn.
D. It is taken as a one puff two times a day.
E. It promotes bronchodilation. - answer-B. It is delivered as a dry-powder inhaler.
D. It is taken as a one puff two times a day.
E. It promotes bronchodilation.
, A patient with COPD has an acute bronchospasm. The nurse anticipates that the health care provider
will prescribe which medications.
A. Zafirlukast
B. Epinephrine
C. Dexamethasone
D. Beclomethasone - answer-B. Epinephrine
A patient is prescribed aminophylline-theophylline. For what adverse effect should the nurse monitor
the patient?
A. Drowsiness
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Increased heart rate
D. Decreased white blood cell count - answer-C. Increased heart rate
A patient is receiving intravenous aminophylline. The nurse checks the patient's lab values and sees the
serum theophylline level is 32 mcg/ml. What action should the nurse take? A. Assess the patient's
breath sounds for improvement.
B. Increase the dosage per sliding-scale directions.
C. Notify the health care provider of the level
D. Have the laboratory collect another sample to verify the results. - answer-C. Notify the health care
provider of the level
A patient with COPD is taking the leukotriene antagonist montelukast. The nurse is aware that this
medication is given for which purpose? A. Maintenance treatment of asthma
B. Treatment of acute asthmatic attack
C. Reversing bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
D. Treatment of inflammation in chronic bronchitis - answer-A. Maintenance treatment of asthma
A patient is to receive a chemotherapy protocol that includes an alkylating agent, an antimetabolite, and
an antitumor antibiotic. The patient asks the nurse why so much chemotherapy is needed. What is the
nurse's best response?
2024 GRADED A+
A patient tells the nurse that he has started to take an OTC antihistamine, diphenhydramine. In teaching
about side effects, what is most important for the nurse to tell the patient?
A: To avoid insominia, do not take this drug at bedtime.
B: Avoid driving a motor vehicle until stabilized on the drug
C: Nightmares and nervousness are more likely in an adult
D: Medication may cause excessive secretions - answer-B: Avoid driving a motor vehicle until stabilized
on the drug
A patient complains of a sore throat and has been told it is due to beta-hemolytic streptococcal
infection. The nurse anticipates that the patient has which acute condition? A. Rhinitis
B. Sinusitis
C. Pharyngitis
D. Rhinorrhea - answer-C. Pharyngitis
A patient is prescribed a decongestant nasal spray that contains oxymetazoline. What will the nurse
teach the patient?
A. Take this drug at bedtime because it may cause drowsiness.
B. Directly spray the medication away from the nasal septum and gently sniff.
C. This drug may be used in maintenance treatment for asthma.
D. Limit use of the drug to 5 to 7 days to prevent rebound nasal congestion - answer-D. Limit use of the
drug to 5 to 7 days to prevent rebound nasal congestion
A patent has been prescribed guaifensin. The nurse understands that the purpose of the drug is to
accomplish what?
A. Treat allergic rhinitis and prevent motion sickness
B. Loosen bronchial secretions so coughing can eliminate them
C. Complete with histamine for receptor sites, thus preventing a histamine response.
D. Stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors, thus producing vascular constriction of capillaries in nasal
mucosa - answer-B. Loosen bronchial secretions so coughing can eliminate them
,Beclomethasone has been prescribed for a patient with allergic rhinitis. What should the nurse teach the
patient regarding this medications?
A. This may be used for an acute attack.
B. An oral form is available if the patient prefers to use it.
C. Avoid large amounts of caffeine intake because an increased heart rate may occur.
D. With continuous use, dryness of the nasal mucosa/lining may occur - answer-D. With continuous use,
dryness of the nasal mucosa/lining may occur
The nurse is teaching a patient about diphenhydramine. Which instructions should the nurse include in
the patient's teaching plan? (Select all that apply)
A. Take medication on an empty stomach to facilitate absorption
B. Avoid alcohol and other central nervous system depressants.
C. Notify a health care provider if confusion or hypotension occurs
D. Use sugarless candy, gum, or ice chips for temporary relief of dry mouth.
E. Avoid handling dangerous equipment or performing dangerous activities until stabilized on the
medication - answer-B. Avoid alcohol and other central nervous system depressants.
C. Notify a health care provider if confusion or hypotension occurs
D. Use sugarless candy, gum, or ice chips for temporary relief of dry mouth.
E. Avoid handling dangerous equipment or performing dangerous activities until stabilized on the
medication
Fluticasone propionate and salmeterol combination inhalation is ordered for a patient with COPD. What
does the nurse now about this medication? A. It can be used to treat an acute attack.
B. It is delivered as a dry-powder inhaler.
C. It contains a beta1 agonist and cromolyn.
D. It is taken as a one puff two times a day.
E. It promotes bronchodilation. - answer-B. It is delivered as a dry-powder inhaler.
D. It is taken as a one puff two times a day.
E. It promotes bronchodilation.
, A patient with COPD has an acute bronchospasm. The nurse anticipates that the health care provider
will prescribe which medications.
A. Zafirlukast
B. Epinephrine
C. Dexamethasone
D. Beclomethasone - answer-B. Epinephrine
A patient is prescribed aminophylline-theophylline. For what adverse effect should the nurse monitor
the patient?
A. Drowsiness
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Increased heart rate
D. Decreased white blood cell count - answer-C. Increased heart rate
A patient is receiving intravenous aminophylline. The nurse checks the patient's lab values and sees the
serum theophylline level is 32 mcg/ml. What action should the nurse take? A. Assess the patient's
breath sounds for improvement.
B. Increase the dosage per sliding-scale directions.
C. Notify the health care provider of the level
D. Have the laboratory collect another sample to verify the results. - answer-C. Notify the health care
provider of the level
A patient with COPD is taking the leukotriene antagonist montelukast. The nurse is aware that this
medication is given for which purpose? A. Maintenance treatment of asthma
B. Treatment of acute asthmatic attack
C. Reversing bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
D. Treatment of inflammation in chronic bronchitis - answer-A. Maintenance treatment of asthma
A patient is to receive a chemotherapy protocol that includes an alkylating agent, an antimetabolite, and
an antitumor antibiotic. The patient asks the nurse why so much chemotherapy is needed. What is the
nurse's best response?
