CNRN Exam Questions and Answers Latest Update (100% Solved)

CNRN Exam Questions and Answers Latest Update (100% Solved) Neurotransmitters - Answers Chemical substances found in the CNS that excite, inhibit, or modify the response of another cerebral cell(s) Dendrites - Answers Direct impulses toward the cell body Axon - Answers Carries impulses away from the cell body Amines: Acetylcholine (ACh) - Answers Usually excitatory Inhibitory effect on some of parasympathetic nervous system Chief transmitter of the PNS Amines: Serotonin (5-HT) - Answers Controls body heat, hunger, behavior and sleep. Inhibitor of pain pathway cord; helps to control mood and sleep Cathecholamines: Dopamine (DA) - Answers Affects control of behavior and fine movement Usually inhibitory Cathecholamines: Norepinephrine (NE) - Answers Chief transmitter of SNS Usually excitatory can be inhibitory A.A.: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) - Answers Excitatory A.A.: Glutamic acid - Answers Excitatory Glycine - Answers Inhibitory Substance P - Answers Excitatory Polypeptides: Enkephalin - Answers Excitatory to systems that inhibit pain; binds to the same receptors in the CNS that bind opiates drugs Polypeptides: Endorphin - Answers Binds to opiate receptors in the brain and pituitary gland; excitatory to systems that inhibit pain Epidural space - Answers Located between the skull & dura mater Subdural space - Answers Located between the inner dura mater & the arachnoid layer Subarachnoid space - Answers Located between the arachnoid & pia mater layers. Contains CSF What is the specific gravity of CSF? - Answers 1.007 Amount of CSF in adults? - Answers 125-150ml Choroid plexus - Answers A collection of blood vessels covered by a thin coating of ependymal cells Name the 3 produces of CSF fluid - Answers Choroid plexus, ependymal cells and blood vessels of the brain What area does the MCA supply? - Answers Entire lateral surfaces of the hemispheres except for the occipital pole & the inferolateral surface of the hemisphere What are does the ACA supply? - Answers Medial surface of frontal and parietal lobes What are the major functions of the frontal lobe? - Answers Perform high level functions: reasoning, abstraction, concentration, and executive control. Voluntary eye movement Storage of memory Influences somatic motor control of activities such as rr, gi activity and bp Broca's area - Answers Location: frontal lobe of the inferior frontal gyrus. Motor control of speech. ie articulation, speed, & rhythm of speech Wernicke's area - Answers Location: Temporal lobe. Understanding spoken language. What are the functions of the parietal lobe? - Answers Sensory input is interpreted to define size, shape, weight, texture. A person's awareness of their body parts What are the functions of the temporal lobe? - Answers Primary auditory receptive area Where is the interpretive area located? Importance? - Answers Temporal lobe. Functions: hearing, memory/learning, receptive language What are the functions of the occipital lobe? - Answers The primary visual cortex. Visual perception,visual reflexes and involuntary eye movements. Basal ganglia - Answers several masses of subcortical nuclei located deep in the cerebral hemis. Responsible for fine body movements, esp. hands and lower extremities.