PERIO EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Which of the following is one of the three zones of the oral mucosa?
a. The oral mucous membrane
b. The gingiva and covering of soft palate
c. The teeth and gums
d. The bottom surface of the tongue - Answers - a. The oral mucous membrane
There are four principal components of the normal periodontium: the gingiva, the
periodontal ligament, the alveolar bone, and what other component?
a. Lips
b. Oral mucosa
b. Cementum
d. Dorsum of the tongue - Answers - c. Cementum
Which kind of epithelium lines the gingival sulcus?
a. Oral epithelium
b. Sulcular epithelium
c. Gingival epthelium
d. Junctional epithelium - Answers - b. Sulcular epithelium
Gingival fibers consist of what type of collagen?
a. Type I
b. Type II
c. Type III
d. Type IV - Answers - a. Type I
Why does the connective tissue of the gingiva have remarkably good healing and
regenerative capacity?
a. Because of the amount of tissue involved
b. Because of the cleanliness of the tissue
c. Because of the high turnover rate
d. Because of the placement on the body - Answers - c. Because of the high turnover
rate
The three sources of blood supply to the gingiva are arterioles, vessels of the
periodontal ligament, and what other sources?
a. Gingival crevicular areas
b. Supraperiosteal arterioles
,c. Alveolar bones
d. Gingival connective tissue - Answers - b. Supraperiosteal arterioles
What color is typically used to describe the color of the attached and marginal gingiva?
a. Salmon pink
b. Magenta
c. Coral pink
d. Bluish pink - Answers - c. Coral pink
Which of the following terms in a non-hemoglobin-derived brown pigment that provides
physiologic pigmentation?
a. Melatonin
b. Melanin
c. Melasma
d. Mucosa - Answers - b. Melanin
The gingiva is divided anatomically into three areas: marginal, attached, and what other
areas?
a. Unilateral
b. Unattached
c. Alveolar
d. Interdental - Answers - d. Interdental
What is the principal cell type of the gingival epithelium?'
a. Langerhans cells
b. Keratinocytes
c. Melanocytes
d. Merkel cells - Answers - b. Keratinocytes
What is the main function of the gingival epithelium?
a. To protect the deep structures while allowing for a selective interchange with the oral
environment
b. To differentiate and supply the cells necessary for the keratinization process
c. To produce various types of cells, as well as replace any damaged cells
d. To provide a healthy environment for the strategic exchange of processes and cells
within the oral cavity - Answers - a. To protect the deep structures while allowing for a
selective interchange with the oral environment
What are the two main types of cementum?
a. Typical and atypical
, b. Cellular and acellular
c. Differentiated and undifferentiated
d. Rapid and slow - Answers - b. Cellular and acellular
What types of cells produce the organic matrix of bone?
a. Osteoclasts
b. Osteoblasts
c. Chrondroblasts
d. Fibroblasts - Answers - b. Osteoblasts
When does the colonization of the oral cavity start?
a. A time of conception
b. At time of birth
c. At preschool age
d. At teenager age - Answers - b. At time of birth
Clinical evidence now shows that Streptococcus mutans can be detected in the mouth
of predentate children before what event?
a. The eruption of the first tooth
b. The first bite of solid food
c. The hormone irregularities of adolescence
d. The eruption of wisdom teeth - Answers - a. The eruption of the first tooth
Which of the following is composed of microbial cells within a matrix of extracellular
polymeric substances?
a. Bacteriodetes
b. Nucleic acids
c. Biomes
d. Biofilm - Answers - d. Biofilm
Which type of plaque is found at or above the gingival margin?
a. Subgingival plaque
b. Supergingival plaque
c. Supragingival plaque
d. Soft gingival plaque - Answers - c. Supragingival plaque
Which of the following is not one of the phases of plaque formation?
a. The formation of the pellicle on the on the tooth surface
b. The initial adhesion/attachment of bacteria
c. The spread of pathogens between teeth
Which of the following is one of the three zones of the oral mucosa?
a. The oral mucous membrane
b. The gingiva and covering of soft palate
c. The teeth and gums
d. The bottom surface of the tongue - Answers - a. The oral mucous membrane
There are four principal components of the normal periodontium: the gingiva, the
periodontal ligament, the alveolar bone, and what other component?
a. Lips
b. Oral mucosa
b. Cementum
d. Dorsum of the tongue - Answers - c. Cementum
Which kind of epithelium lines the gingival sulcus?
a. Oral epithelium
b. Sulcular epithelium
c. Gingival epthelium
d. Junctional epithelium - Answers - b. Sulcular epithelium
Gingival fibers consist of what type of collagen?
a. Type I
b. Type II
c. Type III
d. Type IV - Answers - a. Type I
Why does the connective tissue of the gingiva have remarkably good healing and
regenerative capacity?
a. Because of the amount of tissue involved
b. Because of the cleanliness of the tissue
c. Because of the high turnover rate
d. Because of the placement on the body - Answers - c. Because of the high turnover
rate
The three sources of blood supply to the gingiva are arterioles, vessels of the
periodontal ligament, and what other sources?
a. Gingival crevicular areas
b. Supraperiosteal arterioles
,c. Alveolar bones
d. Gingival connective tissue - Answers - b. Supraperiosteal arterioles
What color is typically used to describe the color of the attached and marginal gingiva?
a. Salmon pink
b. Magenta
c. Coral pink
d. Bluish pink - Answers - c. Coral pink
Which of the following terms in a non-hemoglobin-derived brown pigment that provides
physiologic pigmentation?
a. Melatonin
b. Melanin
c. Melasma
d. Mucosa - Answers - b. Melanin
The gingiva is divided anatomically into three areas: marginal, attached, and what other
areas?
a. Unilateral
b. Unattached
c. Alveolar
d. Interdental - Answers - d. Interdental
What is the principal cell type of the gingival epithelium?'
a. Langerhans cells
b. Keratinocytes
c. Melanocytes
d. Merkel cells - Answers - b. Keratinocytes
What is the main function of the gingival epithelium?
a. To protect the deep structures while allowing for a selective interchange with the oral
environment
b. To differentiate and supply the cells necessary for the keratinization process
c. To produce various types of cells, as well as replace any damaged cells
d. To provide a healthy environment for the strategic exchange of processes and cells
within the oral cavity - Answers - a. To protect the deep structures while allowing for a
selective interchange with the oral environment
What are the two main types of cementum?
a. Typical and atypical
, b. Cellular and acellular
c. Differentiated and undifferentiated
d. Rapid and slow - Answers - b. Cellular and acellular
What types of cells produce the organic matrix of bone?
a. Osteoclasts
b. Osteoblasts
c. Chrondroblasts
d. Fibroblasts - Answers - b. Osteoblasts
When does the colonization of the oral cavity start?
a. A time of conception
b. At time of birth
c. At preschool age
d. At teenager age - Answers - b. At time of birth
Clinical evidence now shows that Streptococcus mutans can be detected in the mouth
of predentate children before what event?
a. The eruption of the first tooth
b. The first bite of solid food
c. The hormone irregularities of adolescence
d. The eruption of wisdom teeth - Answers - a. The eruption of the first tooth
Which of the following is composed of microbial cells within a matrix of extracellular
polymeric substances?
a. Bacteriodetes
b. Nucleic acids
c. Biomes
d. Biofilm - Answers - d. Biofilm
Which type of plaque is found at or above the gingival margin?
a. Subgingival plaque
b. Supergingival plaque
c. Supragingival plaque
d. Soft gingival plaque - Answers - c. Supragingival plaque
Which of the following is not one of the phases of plaque formation?
a. The formation of the pellicle on the on the tooth surface
b. The initial adhesion/attachment of bacteria
c. The spread of pathogens between teeth
