HESI GERIATRICS 2024-2025 QUESTIONS WITH
RATIONALES AND ANSWERS LATEST VERSION
Latest
A Frail, Elderly Client Is Admitted To The Unit With A Diagnosis Of
Pneumonia. Which Finding Is Most Important For The Registered Nurse (RN)
To Report To The Healthcare Provider?
A. Fever And Chills
B. Confusion And Dehydration
C. Crackles In The Lung Fields
D. Nausea And Vomiting - B. Confusion And Dehydration
Rationale: Confusion And Dehydration (B) Are Findings Of Inadequate
Oxygenation And Perfusion In This Frail Elderly Client. (A), (C) And (D) Are All
Common With Pneumonia, But The Most Important Finding Is Confusion And
Evidence Of Dehydration, Which Require Treatment For This Frail Elderly
Client.
A Frail Elderly Couple Asks The Registered Nurse (RN) If They Have To
Watch Their Salt Intake Because Food Does Not Taste As Good As It Used To
So They Have To Season Most Foods. What Information Should The RN Offer
The Couple?
A. Boredom May Influence How The Taste Of Food Is Perceived,
And Different Seasonings Can Stimulate Taste.
B. With Age, An Increase In Sodium Intake Is Needed To Compensate For
A Decrease In Renal Function.
C. Short-Term Memory Loss And Confusion May Be The Reason They
Want To Over- Season Their Food.
,D. Taste Buds Often Are Dull Due To Atrophy So Older Clients Should Use
Other Seasonings Instead Of Salt. - D. Taste Buds Are Often Dull Due To
Atrophy So Older Clients Should Use Other Seasonings Instead Of Salt.
Rationale: Taste Buds Atrophy With Normal Aging, Which Influences An
Older Client's Sensitivity To Taste And Is Often Compensated For The Use Of
Stronger Tasting Seasonings. (A), (B), And (C) Are Not Normal Aging
Processes Related To Taste.
,After Taking A 10-Day Course Of An Antibiotic That Was Ineffective, A Frail,
Elderly Client With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Is
Admitted For Pneumonia. The Client Has A Long History Of Smoking And Still
Smokes A Pack Of Cigarettes A Day. Which Finding Should The Registered
Nurse (RN) Report To The Healthcare Provider?
A. Barrel Chest With Increased Chest Diameter
B. Crackles And Pulse Oximetry Level Of 88%
C. Low Hemoglobin And Hematocrit Levels
D. Arterial Blood Gases Indicating Respiratory Acidosis - B. Crackles
And Pulse Oximetry Level Of 88%
Rationale: With Pneumonia, Crackles In The Lungs And Low O2 Saturation
(B) Can Impact Adequate Oxygenation, Which Should Be Reported To The
HCP. (A) Occurs Due To Chronic Hyperinflation Of The Lungs And Is Common
In Clients With COPD. Anemia (C) Is Frequently Identified In Clients With
COPD, And Respiratory Acidosis (D) Due To CO2 Retention Contributes To A
Lower Blood Ph.
An Older Female Client Recently Moved To An Assisted Living Facility. The
Family Explains To The Registered Nurse (RN) That The Client Is
Unmanageable And Always Confused, Disoriented And Depressed. The
Client Asks The RN Repeatedly, "Where Am I?". How Should The RN
Respond?
A. Explain That She Is In A New Home Called An Assisted Living Community
B. Question The Client About Her Perception Of Where She Might Be Now.
C. Distract The Client With A Scenario That She Is On An Outing With Her
Family.
D. Reassure The Client Not To Worry Because She Will Meet New
Friends. - A. Explain That She Is In A New Home Called An Assisted
Living Community.
Rationale: Reality Re-Orientation (A) Is The Best Response For A Client
Who Is Confused Because The Response Is Consistent And True. (B, C,
And D) Do Not Provide The Client With Feedback That Is Reality Based.
A New Resident In An Assisted Living Facility Is An Older Client Who Is
, Experiencing Short- Term Memory Loss And Confusion. Which Activity
Should The Registered Nurse (RN) Schedule The Client To Do During The
Day?
RATIONALES AND ANSWERS LATEST VERSION
Latest
A Frail, Elderly Client Is Admitted To The Unit With A Diagnosis Of
Pneumonia. Which Finding Is Most Important For The Registered Nurse (RN)
To Report To The Healthcare Provider?
A. Fever And Chills
B. Confusion And Dehydration
C. Crackles In The Lung Fields
D. Nausea And Vomiting - B. Confusion And Dehydration
Rationale: Confusion And Dehydration (B) Are Findings Of Inadequate
Oxygenation And Perfusion In This Frail Elderly Client. (A), (C) And (D) Are All
Common With Pneumonia, But The Most Important Finding Is Confusion And
Evidence Of Dehydration, Which Require Treatment For This Frail Elderly
Client.
A Frail Elderly Couple Asks The Registered Nurse (RN) If They Have To
Watch Their Salt Intake Because Food Does Not Taste As Good As It Used To
So They Have To Season Most Foods. What Information Should The RN Offer
The Couple?
A. Boredom May Influence How The Taste Of Food Is Perceived,
And Different Seasonings Can Stimulate Taste.
B. With Age, An Increase In Sodium Intake Is Needed To Compensate For
A Decrease In Renal Function.
C. Short-Term Memory Loss And Confusion May Be The Reason They
Want To Over- Season Their Food.
,D. Taste Buds Often Are Dull Due To Atrophy So Older Clients Should Use
Other Seasonings Instead Of Salt. - D. Taste Buds Are Often Dull Due To
Atrophy So Older Clients Should Use Other Seasonings Instead Of Salt.
Rationale: Taste Buds Atrophy With Normal Aging, Which Influences An
Older Client's Sensitivity To Taste And Is Often Compensated For The Use Of
Stronger Tasting Seasonings. (A), (B), And (C) Are Not Normal Aging
Processes Related To Taste.
,After Taking A 10-Day Course Of An Antibiotic That Was Ineffective, A Frail,
Elderly Client With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Is
Admitted For Pneumonia. The Client Has A Long History Of Smoking And Still
Smokes A Pack Of Cigarettes A Day. Which Finding Should The Registered
Nurse (RN) Report To The Healthcare Provider?
A. Barrel Chest With Increased Chest Diameter
B. Crackles And Pulse Oximetry Level Of 88%
C. Low Hemoglobin And Hematocrit Levels
D. Arterial Blood Gases Indicating Respiratory Acidosis - B. Crackles
And Pulse Oximetry Level Of 88%
Rationale: With Pneumonia, Crackles In The Lungs And Low O2 Saturation
(B) Can Impact Adequate Oxygenation, Which Should Be Reported To The
HCP. (A) Occurs Due To Chronic Hyperinflation Of The Lungs And Is Common
In Clients With COPD. Anemia (C) Is Frequently Identified In Clients With
COPD, And Respiratory Acidosis (D) Due To CO2 Retention Contributes To A
Lower Blood Ph.
An Older Female Client Recently Moved To An Assisted Living Facility. The
Family Explains To The Registered Nurse (RN) That The Client Is
Unmanageable And Always Confused, Disoriented And Depressed. The
Client Asks The RN Repeatedly, "Where Am I?". How Should The RN
Respond?
A. Explain That She Is In A New Home Called An Assisted Living Community
B. Question The Client About Her Perception Of Where She Might Be Now.
C. Distract The Client With A Scenario That She Is On An Outing With Her
Family.
D. Reassure The Client Not To Worry Because She Will Meet New
Friends. - A. Explain That She Is In A New Home Called An Assisted
Living Community.
Rationale: Reality Re-Orientation (A) Is The Best Response For A Client
Who Is Confused Because The Response Is Consistent And True. (B, C,
And D) Do Not Provide The Client With Feedback That Is Reality Based.
A New Resident In An Assisted Living Facility Is An Older Client Who Is
, Experiencing Short- Term Memory Loss And Confusion. Which Activity
Should The Registered Nurse (RN) Schedule The Client To Do During The
Day?
