BIO-319 TOPIC 2 QUIZ WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
chews and mixes food with saliva - ANSWER-mouth
directs food from mouth to esophagus - ANSWER-pharynx
secrete saliva - ANSWER-salivary glands
protects airways during swallowing - ANSWER-epiglottis
allows air to pass to and from lungs - ANSWER-trachea
passes food from the mouth to the stomach - ANSWER-esophagus
separates the abdomen from the thoracic cavity - ANSWER-diaphragm
churns, mixes, and grinds food to a liquid mass; adds acid, enzymes, and fluid -
ANSWER-stomach
allows passage from stomach to small intestine - ANSWER-pyloric sphincter
manufactures bile salts, detergent-like substances, to help digest fats - ANSWER-liver
stores bile until needed - ANSWER-gallbladder
conduct bile from liver to the gallbladder and from the gallbladder to the small intestine -
ANSWER-Bile ducts
houses bacteria and lymph cells - ANSWER-appendix
drips fluid from the pancreas to gallbladder - ANSWER-small intestne
allows passage from small to large intestine; allows for breaking down - ANSWER-
Ileocecal valve
manufactures enzymes to digest all energy-yielding nutrients and releases bicarbonate
to neutralize acid chyme that enters the small intestine - ANSWER-pancreas
conducts pancreatic juice from the pancreas to the small intestine - ANSWER-
pancreatic dust
stores waste prior to elimination - ANSWER-rectum
, holds rectum closed; opens to allow elimination - ANSWER-anus
volume of food moving through the G.I. tract - ANSWER-bolus
semi-liquid mass that contains gastric acid - ANSWER-chyme
What is good about the bloodstream? - ANSWER-gets nutrients and distribution
throughout
What is bad about the bloodstream? - ANSWER-distribution of unwanted fat throughout
the body
handles fats and fat soluble vitamins for transport - ANSWER-lymphatic system
transport lipids from the intestines to the other parts of the body - ANSWER-
chylomicrons
fluid between cells and body tissue - ANSWER-interstitial fluid
a wavelike muscular contractions of the GI tract that push its contents along -
ANSWER-peristalsis
What interferes with peristalsis? - ANSWER-1. Local inflammation
2. Surgery
3. Electrolyte deficiencies
4. Thyroid disease
5. Diabetes
act on all 3 energy-yielding substances - ANSWER-enzymes
neutralizes acidic chyme and regulates PH levels in the GI tract - ANSWER-sodium
bicarbonate
What are the two fundamental proteins? - ANSWER-myosin and actin
cross into intestinal cells easily - ANSWER-simple diffusion
need a specific carrier to transport them from one side of the cell membrane to the other
- ANSWER-facilitated diffusion
to move against the concentration gradient, energy is required - ANSWER-active
transport
The fingerlike projections of the small intestine increase the surface area and are known
as __________. - ANSWER-villi
SOLUTIONS
chews and mixes food with saliva - ANSWER-mouth
directs food from mouth to esophagus - ANSWER-pharynx
secrete saliva - ANSWER-salivary glands
protects airways during swallowing - ANSWER-epiglottis
allows air to pass to and from lungs - ANSWER-trachea
passes food from the mouth to the stomach - ANSWER-esophagus
separates the abdomen from the thoracic cavity - ANSWER-diaphragm
churns, mixes, and grinds food to a liquid mass; adds acid, enzymes, and fluid -
ANSWER-stomach
allows passage from stomach to small intestine - ANSWER-pyloric sphincter
manufactures bile salts, detergent-like substances, to help digest fats - ANSWER-liver
stores bile until needed - ANSWER-gallbladder
conduct bile from liver to the gallbladder and from the gallbladder to the small intestine -
ANSWER-Bile ducts
houses bacteria and lymph cells - ANSWER-appendix
drips fluid from the pancreas to gallbladder - ANSWER-small intestne
allows passage from small to large intestine; allows for breaking down - ANSWER-
Ileocecal valve
manufactures enzymes to digest all energy-yielding nutrients and releases bicarbonate
to neutralize acid chyme that enters the small intestine - ANSWER-pancreas
conducts pancreatic juice from the pancreas to the small intestine - ANSWER-
pancreatic dust
stores waste prior to elimination - ANSWER-rectum
, holds rectum closed; opens to allow elimination - ANSWER-anus
volume of food moving through the G.I. tract - ANSWER-bolus
semi-liquid mass that contains gastric acid - ANSWER-chyme
What is good about the bloodstream? - ANSWER-gets nutrients and distribution
throughout
What is bad about the bloodstream? - ANSWER-distribution of unwanted fat throughout
the body
handles fats and fat soluble vitamins for transport - ANSWER-lymphatic system
transport lipids from the intestines to the other parts of the body - ANSWER-
chylomicrons
fluid between cells and body tissue - ANSWER-interstitial fluid
a wavelike muscular contractions of the GI tract that push its contents along -
ANSWER-peristalsis
What interferes with peristalsis? - ANSWER-1. Local inflammation
2. Surgery
3. Electrolyte deficiencies
4. Thyroid disease
5. Diabetes
act on all 3 energy-yielding substances - ANSWER-enzymes
neutralizes acidic chyme and regulates PH levels in the GI tract - ANSWER-sodium
bicarbonate
What are the two fundamental proteins? - ANSWER-myosin and actin
cross into intestinal cells easily - ANSWER-simple diffusion
need a specific carrier to transport them from one side of the cell membrane to the other
- ANSWER-facilitated diffusion
to move against the concentration gradient, energy is required - ANSWER-active
transport
The fingerlike projections of the small intestine increase the surface area and are known
as __________. - ANSWER-villi
