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Jay Carlson's PHIL181 Ethics Class Notes

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From fall semester 2023, contains most class notes, should be helpful should you miss a class or want more notes on a specific day.

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, Week One
intro to ethics



T U E S DAY ethics attempt makes
to determine what an action
right or
wrong
and provide some




systematic a n swe r to what we
ought to do and what sort
of person we
ought to be


rekly
questions
week 2 :
peoples beliefs cannot be deemed
right or
wrong
because they aren't
facts or statements .




they a re
things that people hold as values and
nobody else should be
saying that what another


values
person is
right or
wrong
.




should be the behind the
week 7 : ac t ion s thought of as ac tion
itself and the intention it
If consequence
·



.




had been the should also be blame
considered ,
then
consequences recognized You .
can't someone
for an




didn't
event
they intend to cause
.




week the and ethical should be
11 :


assuming
a traditional medical
setting ,
moral priorities

what the patient wa n ts . the strongest moral decision a doctor could make is one
purely with


their patient in mind ,
regardless of their bias ,
beliefs
, or
opinions

THURSDAY
Argument
syllabus quiz an
argument is a series of statements
, one
of which is
proved true or false by the rest .




↳ ↓
"Cito" conclusion premise


Prinz reading standard
form of an
argument is the numbered premises & conclusion



Prinz quiz
·




not all premises a re
explicitly stated ,
making a valid
argument not a
good argument

pre-reflection filling in a
missing premise can help to make the
argument stronger
, eve n
if its still not


a
good argument

if premier
a re true ,
conclusion will be t wo deductive
reasoning




hasthe
·


conditional
Statement




consegment

modus then Therefore
ponens
:
if x
y x
·




y
.
.




tollens
·

moder :
if x then
y
.
not
y
.
so ,
not x




affirming the
consequent (invalid) if then
Therefore
: x
y y p.
. .




denying the antecedentinvalid) :

if x then not x not
y
so,
·




y
. .




·




hypothetical syllogism if : x then
y
.




if y
then z . So
,
if x ,
then
.
z

connects a series
of conditional statements


valid
arguments don't have to sound which relies the trueness
of the premises
·




,
on

, Week Two

relativism


1- Level a
Attempt
reconstruc t an
argument from King ,
Prinz ,
Plato
, or Rachels


-Validity
&
duvalidity
be
modus
ponens - if 1. I we re true ,
then 3 wo u l d also true



·




if 12 a re true ,
that doesn't mean I has to be
if consequent is
affirmed
moder tollens could also be used




LevelA
be
must standard form 5-10 steps long valid
·




, ,




arguments a re
going
to be buried in
prose ,
look
for conclusion first

watch
for inter mittent conclusions check after conclusion too
·




,




·


not all text is
support

conclusion


premises

C cannabis harmful
:
is



1) Purpose of law is to protect . 2 :
there should be laws against cannabis
conditional
statement
2) there shouldn't be a law
against u s e.
e 1) ( -

C)

if cannabis is
harmful ,
then there should be laws
against it . 2)c-

...
3) -
L




if cannabis is as
harmful as
legal druge ,
then invalid
denying antecedent

be
it should also
.
legal
cannabis is as
harmful as
legal drugs
1) C-L


2) C valid argument ,
may
not be sound but i s valid



3) .
L



order
of the premiser
doesn't matter ,
conclusion must be later
though
then
if laws a re
unjust , they should be
disobeyed .




laws
segregation a re
unjust

laws should be
disobeyed
segregation

1) re D

2) w


).
3 D

Document information

Uploaded on
December 13, 2024
Number of pages
21
Written in
2023/2024
Type
Class notes
Professor(s)
Jay carlson
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All classes
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