Orthopedic Nursing review Course
What is the classic test to determine herniated disc? - ✔️✔️Straight Leg Raise
What is the gold standard conservative treatment for a herniated disc? - ✔️✔️* Bed
rest-Max of 3 days
What are the symptoms of Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ✔️✔️* New onset of bowel or
bladder incontinence
* Numbness in the saddle area or perineum
What is the cause of Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ✔️✔️Pressure on the plexus nerve in
the lumbar spine
What is the treatment for Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ✔️✔️Immediate decompressive
laminectomy
This spinal disorder is a Pars Interarticularis defect? - ✔️✔️Spondylolysis
The gold standard test for this disease is radiographic changes - ✔️✔️Osteoarthritis
Symptoms Osteoarthritis - ✔️✔️* Asymmetric joints
* AM Stiffness
* Stiffness with inactivity
* Stiffness with weather changes
* Antalgic gait-limp or giving way sensation
* Joint crepitus
* Knock kneed or bow-legged
* Heberden's Nodes
* Bouchard's Nodes
Valgus knees is the same as - ✔️✔️Knock knees
Varus knees is the same as - ✔️✔️Bow legged
Heberden's Nodes are in what joint? - ✔️✔️Distal (DIP)
Bouchard's nodes are in what joint? - ✔️✔️Proximal (PIP)
This is the first drug of choice for treating Osteoarthritis - ✔️✔️Acetaminopehn
(Tylenol)
,Total Hip Arthroplasty:
Anterior approach benefits and cons - ✔️✔️Pro: less soft tissue disturbance
Less precautions after SX
3-4 inch incision
Cons: Technically challenging
Anterior Hip precautions - ✔️✔️* Avoid hip extension
* Avoid external rotation
Total Hip Arthroplasty:
Posterior-Lateral approach benefits and cons - ✔️✔️Pro: Tried and True
method/Traditional
Requires more physician training
Cons: More precautions after SX
8-12 inch incision
Posterior Hip Precautions - ✔️✔️* No flexion > 90 degrees
* No adduction
* No internal rotation (leg crossing)
Rheumatoid Arthritis - ✔️✔️* Systemic, Multi system inflammatory disorder
* Affects synovial membrane of the joints
* Periods of exacerbation and remissions
Rheumatoid Arthritis Presentation - ✔️✔️* Uniform joint space narrowing
* Peak onset ages 40-60
* Hypertrophied synovium (lining) thickens an invades surrounding tissue
* Nodules in the joints
* Morning Stiffness and stiffness after rest
* Generalized fatigue
* Ulnar deviation
Rheumatoid Arthritis Epidemiology/Pathophysiology - ✔️✔️* Genetic predisposition
* Laxity, sublaxation and contractures
Osteoarthritis - ✔️✔️Slow, progressive, non-inflammatory
Affects spine, fingers, knees and hips
Osteophyte or bone spurs are common with what disease? - ✔️✔️Osteoarthritis
Hip dislocation presentation - ✔️✔️* Shortening/Rotation of affected extremity
* Pain with inability to bear weight
, How many vertebae are in the C spine? - ✔️✔️7
How many vertebrae are in the T spine? - ✔️✔️12
How many vertebrae are in the L spine? - ✔️✔️5
How many vertebrae are in the S spine? - ✔️✔️5
What is a herniated nucleus pulposis (HNP)? - ✔️✔️The rupture of a disc in the spine
* the rupture causes leaking with pain and pressure
What are signs and symptoms of a herniated disc? - ✔️✔️* Back Pain-increased with
sitting/driving
*Lower extremity pain with numbness
* Muscle weakness -nerve distribution
* Pain with the straight leg raise test
This spinal disorder is an anterior translation of one vertebra on another (or slipped
forward)? - ✔️✔️Spondylolisthesis
This is a posterior hump in the thoracic spine - ✔️✔️Kyphosis
This spinal disorder is associated with Scheurmann's Disease, is neuromuscular and
presents with ankylosing spondylitis? - ✔️✔️Kyphosis
What does NPO mean? - ✔️✔️Nil Per Os/Nothing by mouth
What is the standard time frame for a patient to be NPO prior to SX? - ✔️✔️6 hours
What are the main allergies that should be checked for prior to SX? - ✔️✔️Shellfish
* Bedadine
* Seafood
* Medications
* Metal
* Latex
This SX associated condition can occur do to the following: IV access, blood loss, fluid
overload, urine output - ✔️✔️Fluid Volume Deficit
This condition is an inherited hypermetabolic syndrome? - ✔️✔️Malignant
hyperthermia
What is the classic test to determine herniated disc? - ✔️✔️Straight Leg Raise
What is the gold standard conservative treatment for a herniated disc? - ✔️✔️* Bed
rest-Max of 3 days
What are the symptoms of Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ✔️✔️* New onset of bowel or
bladder incontinence
* Numbness in the saddle area or perineum
What is the cause of Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ✔️✔️Pressure on the plexus nerve in
the lumbar spine
What is the treatment for Cauda Equina Syndrome? - ✔️✔️Immediate decompressive
laminectomy
This spinal disorder is a Pars Interarticularis defect? - ✔️✔️Spondylolysis
The gold standard test for this disease is radiographic changes - ✔️✔️Osteoarthritis
Symptoms Osteoarthritis - ✔️✔️* Asymmetric joints
* AM Stiffness
* Stiffness with inactivity
* Stiffness with weather changes
* Antalgic gait-limp or giving way sensation
* Joint crepitus
* Knock kneed or bow-legged
* Heberden's Nodes
* Bouchard's Nodes
Valgus knees is the same as - ✔️✔️Knock knees
Varus knees is the same as - ✔️✔️Bow legged
Heberden's Nodes are in what joint? - ✔️✔️Distal (DIP)
Bouchard's nodes are in what joint? - ✔️✔️Proximal (PIP)
This is the first drug of choice for treating Osteoarthritis - ✔️✔️Acetaminopehn
(Tylenol)
,Total Hip Arthroplasty:
Anterior approach benefits and cons - ✔️✔️Pro: less soft tissue disturbance
Less precautions after SX
3-4 inch incision
Cons: Technically challenging
Anterior Hip precautions - ✔️✔️* Avoid hip extension
* Avoid external rotation
Total Hip Arthroplasty:
Posterior-Lateral approach benefits and cons - ✔️✔️Pro: Tried and True
method/Traditional
Requires more physician training
Cons: More precautions after SX
8-12 inch incision
Posterior Hip Precautions - ✔️✔️* No flexion > 90 degrees
* No adduction
* No internal rotation (leg crossing)
Rheumatoid Arthritis - ✔️✔️* Systemic, Multi system inflammatory disorder
* Affects synovial membrane of the joints
* Periods of exacerbation and remissions
Rheumatoid Arthritis Presentation - ✔️✔️* Uniform joint space narrowing
* Peak onset ages 40-60
* Hypertrophied synovium (lining) thickens an invades surrounding tissue
* Nodules in the joints
* Morning Stiffness and stiffness after rest
* Generalized fatigue
* Ulnar deviation
Rheumatoid Arthritis Epidemiology/Pathophysiology - ✔️✔️* Genetic predisposition
* Laxity, sublaxation and contractures
Osteoarthritis - ✔️✔️Slow, progressive, non-inflammatory
Affects spine, fingers, knees and hips
Osteophyte or bone spurs are common with what disease? - ✔️✔️Osteoarthritis
Hip dislocation presentation - ✔️✔️* Shortening/Rotation of affected extremity
* Pain with inability to bear weight
, How many vertebae are in the C spine? - ✔️✔️7
How many vertebrae are in the T spine? - ✔️✔️12
How many vertebrae are in the L spine? - ✔️✔️5
How many vertebrae are in the S spine? - ✔️✔️5
What is a herniated nucleus pulposis (HNP)? - ✔️✔️The rupture of a disc in the spine
* the rupture causes leaking with pain and pressure
What are signs and symptoms of a herniated disc? - ✔️✔️* Back Pain-increased with
sitting/driving
*Lower extremity pain with numbness
* Muscle weakness -nerve distribution
* Pain with the straight leg raise test
This spinal disorder is an anterior translation of one vertebra on another (or slipped
forward)? - ✔️✔️Spondylolisthesis
This is a posterior hump in the thoracic spine - ✔️✔️Kyphosis
This spinal disorder is associated with Scheurmann's Disease, is neuromuscular and
presents with ankylosing spondylitis? - ✔️✔️Kyphosis
What does NPO mean? - ✔️✔️Nil Per Os/Nothing by mouth
What is the standard time frame for a patient to be NPO prior to SX? - ✔️✔️6 hours
What are the main allergies that should be checked for prior to SX? - ✔️✔️Shellfish
* Bedadine
* Seafood
* Medications
* Metal
* Latex
This SX associated condition can occur do to the following: IV access, blood loss, fluid
overload, urine output - ✔️✔️Fluid Volume Deficit
This condition is an inherited hypermetabolic syndrome? - ✔️✔️Malignant
hyperthermia
