©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Abnormal Child Psychology (Mash and
Wolfe) Exam 1: Chapters 1-4 Study Guide.
Competence - Answers✔the ability to successfully adapt to their environment
stigma - Answers✔a cluster of negative attitudes and beliefs that motivates fear, rejection,
avoidance, and discrimination with respect to people with mental illnesses
developmental pathway - Answers✔sequence and timing of particular behaviors and possible
relationships between behaviors over time
developmental tasks - Answers✔broad domains of competence such as conduct and academic
achievement, tell how children typically progress within each domain as they grow
equifinality - Answers✔the concept that similar outcomes stem from different early experiences
and developmental pathways
externalizing problems - Answers✔acting-out behaviors such as aggression and delinquent
behavior
internalizing problems - Answers✔include anxiety depression, somatic complaints and
withdrawn behavior
multifinality - Answers✔the concept that various outcomes may stem from similar beginnings
nosologies - Answers✔classifying disorders into descriptive categories
protective factor - Answers✔personal or situational variable that reduces the chances for a child
to develop a disorder
psychological disorder - Answers✔a pattern of behavioral, cognitive, emotional, or physical
symptoms shown by an individual
resilience - Answers✔showing sustained competence under stress
risk factor - Answers✔a variable that precedes a negative outcome of interest and increases the
chances that the outcome will occur
1
, ©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
adaptational failure - Answers✔failure to master or progress in accomplishing developmental
milestones
attachment - Answers✔the process of establishing and maintaining an emotional bond with
parents or other significant caregivers
behavioral genetics - Answers✔branch of genetics that investigates possible connections
between a genetic predisposition and observed behavior
brain circuits - Answers✔paths made up of clustered neurons that connect one part of the brain to
another
continuity - Answers✔theoretical position for explaining development which proposes that
normal and abnormal developmental changes are gradual and quantitative. Continuity theorists
argue that development is an additive process that is ongoing rather than happening in distinct
stages.
cortisol - Answers✔stress hormone produced by the adrenal glands
developmental cascades - Answers✔process by child a child's previous interactions and
experiences may spread across other systems and alter his or her course of development (chain
reaction)
developmental psychopathology - Answers✔approach to describing and studying disorders of
childhood, adolescence, and beyond in a manner that emphasizes the importance of
developmental processes and tasks
discontinuity - Answers✔theoretical position for explaining development proposing that normal
and abnormal development changes are abrupt and qualitative. discontinuity theorists, such as
Piaget and Erikson, argue that children pass through developmental stages that are qualitatively
different from each other
emotion reactivity - Answers✔a dimension of emotional processes associated with individual
differences in the threshold and intensity of emotional experience
emotion regulation - Answers✔the process by which emotional arousal is directed, controlled or
modified to facilitate adaptive functioning
epigenetic - Answers✔the underlying biological changes to genetic structure resulting from
environmental factors such as toxins, diet, stress and many others
epinephrine - Answers✔hormone produced by the adrenal glands that is released into the
bloodstream in response to stress in order to energize and prepare the body for a possible threat.
2
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Abnormal Child Psychology (Mash and
Wolfe) Exam 1: Chapters 1-4 Study Guide.
Competence - Answers✔the ability to successfully adapt to their environment
stigma - Answers✔a cluster of negative attitudes and beliefs that motivates fear, rejection,
avoidance, and discrimination with respect to people with mental illnesses
developmental pathway - Answers✔sequence and timing of particular behaviors and possible
relationships between behaviors over time
developmental tasks - Answers✔broad domains of competence such as conduct and academic
achievement, tell how children typically progress within each domain as they grow
equifinality - Answers✔the concept that similar outcomes stem from different early experiences
and developmental pathways
externalizing problems - Answers✔acting-out behaviors such as aggression and delinquent
behavior
internalizing problems - Answers✔include anxiety depression, somatic complaints and
withdrawn behavior
multifinality - Answers✔the concept that various outcomes may stem from similar beginnings
nosologies - Answers✔classifying disorders into descriptive categories
protective factor - Answers✔personal or situational variable that reduces the chances for a child
to develop a disorder
psychological disorder - Answers✔a pattern of behavioral, cognitive, emotional, or physical
symptoms shown by an individual
resilience - Answers✔showing sustained competence under stress
risk factor - Answers✔a variable that precedes a negative outcome of interest and increases the
chances that the outcome will occur
1
, ©THEBRIGHT EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
adaptational failure - Answers✔failure to master or progress in accomplishing developmental
milestones
attachment - Answers✔the process of establishing and maintaining an emotional bond with
parents or other significant caregivers
behavioral genetics - Answers✔branch of genetics that investigates possible connections
between a genetic predisposition and observed behavior
brain circuits - Answers✔paths made up of clustered neurons that connect one part of the brain to
another
continuity - Answers✔theoretical position for explaining development which proposes that
normal and abnormal developmental changes are gradual and quantitative. Continuity theorists
argue that development is an additive process that is ongoing rather than happening in distinct
stages.
cortisol - Answers✔stress hormone produced by the adrenal glands
developmental cascades - Answers✔process by child a child's previous interactions and
experiences may spread across other systems and alter his or her course of development (chain
reaction)
developmental psychopathology - Answers✔approach to describing and studying disorders of
childhood, adolescence, and beyond in a manner that emphasizes the importance of
developmental processes and tasks
discontinuity - Answers✔theoretical position for explaining development proposing that normal
and abnormal development changes are abrupt and qualitative. discontinuity theorists, such as
Piaget and Erikson, argue that children pass through developmental stages that are qualitatively
different from each other
emotion reactivity - Answers✔a dimension of emotional processes associated with individual
differences in the threshold and intensity of emotional experience
emotion regulation - Answers✔the process by which emotional arousal is directed, controlled or
modified to facilitate adaptive functioning
epigenetic - Answers✔the underlying biological changes to genetic structure resulting from
environmental factors such as toxins, diet, stress and many others
epinephrine - Answers✔hormone produced by the adrenal glands that is released into the
bloodstream in response to stress in order to energize and prepare the body for a possible threat.
2
