DEP2004- Human Development FINAL
EXAM
race - -Group of people sharing the same culture, history, language, and
ethnic group. (physical characteristics)
- ethnicity - -Characteristic based on cultural heritage, nationality
characteristics, race, religion, and language.
- Cultural Influences on Gender Roles - -In middle eastern countries, males
are socialized and schooled to work in public sphere, females work at home
and be with children. (Men should work and women should care for family
household). (Male dominant cultures).
- Collectivism versus Individualism - -Collectivism- an individual is
interdependent: identity from belonging
Individualism- an individual is independent:identity from individual traits
- Self-esteem - -global evaluative dimension of ones self (aka self-image and
self-worth)
- social comparison - -belief that there is a drive within individuals to gain
accurate self-evaluations
- Erikson's theory of Psychosocial Development: Integrity Vs. Despair - -8th
and Final stage of development, occurs during late adulthood. Involves
reflecting on the past and either piecing together a positive review or
concluding that one's life was not well spent.
- Erikson's theory of Psychosocial Development: Intimacy Vs. Isolation - -
struggle to form close relationships and gain the capacity for intimate love,
or they feel socially isolated.
- Vygotsky's theory of the Cultural Influence on Development - -social
interactions provide the context for cognitive development and that these
social interactions, in which learning occurs, are influenced by the cultural
context.
- Piaget's theory of Cognitive Development: 3 to 6 years. Pre-operational - -
Representing things with words and images but lacking logical reasoning
- Piaget's Stages of Cognitive
, Development: 7 to 11 years. Concrete operational - -Thinking logically about
concrete events; grasping concrete analogies and performing arithmetical
operations
- Piaget's Stages of Cognitive
Development: 12 to adulthood - -Formal operational
Potential for moral reasoning
- Piaget's Stages of Cognitive
Development: Birth to 2/3 years- Sensorimotor - -Experiencing the world
through senses and actions (looking, touching, mouthing)
- Baumrind's Theory of Parenting Styles - -Authoritarian- (highly strict) follow
their directions and respect their work
Authoritative- parents encourage independence but still places limits and
controls
Neglectful- parent is un-involved in child's life
Indulgent- parents are highly involved in child's life but place few demands
and controls on them.
- Kubler-Ross's theory of accepting death - -1. Denial and Isolation- denies
death "No it cant be me. Its not possible."
2. Anger- dying person recognizes that denial can no longer be maintained
"why me?"
3. Bargaining- person develops the hope that death can somehow be
delayed "Yes me but..just a few more days,weeks,etc."
4. Depression- person comes to accept the certainty of death.
5. Acceptance- dying person develops a sense of peace
- Longitudinal study - percentage of participants were financially
independent by age 25 - -a little more than half
- Age of beginning signs of decline in muscle tone and strength - -30 years
old
- Nature (genetics) vs. nurture (environmental factors) of obesity - -Genes
play a role in obesity but so do environmental factors such as the availability
of food, and sociocultural factors, ex low income women tend to be more
overweight.
- Bachman et al study - findings regarding alcohol and drug use in mid-
twenties - -Peaks at 21-22 years of age and declines through the rest of the
twenties
- Phone survey - the most common perpetrator of attempted rape of college
women - -Someone the victim knew such as a classmate or boyfriend.
EXAM
race - -Group of people sharing the same culture, history, language, and
ethnic group. (physical characteristics)
- ethnicity - -Characteristic based on cultural heritage, nationality
characteristics, race, religion, and language.
- Cultural Influences on Gender Roles - -In middle eastern countries, males
are socialized and schooled to work in public sphere, females work at home
and be with children. (Men should work and women should care for family
household). (Male dominant cultures).
- Collectivism versus Individualism - -Collectivism- an individual is
interdependent: identity from belonging
Individualism- an individual is independent:identity from individual traits
- Self-esteem - -global evaluative dimension of ones self (aka self-image and
self-worth)
- social comparison - -belief that there is a drive within individuals to gain
accurate self-evaluations
- Erikson's theory of Psychosocial Development: Integrity Vs. Despair - -8th
and Final stage of development, occurs during late adulthood. Involves
reflecting on the past and either piecing together a positive review or
concluding that one's life was not well spent.
- Erikson's theory of Psychosocial Development: Intimacy Vs. Isolation - -
struggle to form close relationships and gain the capacity for intimate love,
or they feel socially isolated.
- Vygotsky's theory of the Cultural Influence on Development - -social
interactions provide the context for cognitive development and that these
social interactions, in which learning occurs, are influenced by the cultural
context.
- Piaget's theory of Cognitive Development: 3 to 6 years. Pre-operational - -
Representing things with words and images but lacking logical reasoning
- Piaget's Stages of Cognitive
, Development: 7 to 11 years. Concrete operational - -Thinking logically about
concrete events; grasping concrete analogies and performing arithmetical
operations
- Piaget's Stages of Cognitive
Development: 12 to adulthood - -Formal operational
Potential for moral reasoning
- Piaget's Stages of Cognitive
Development: Birth to 2/3 years- Sensorimotor - -Experiencing the world
through senses and actions (looking, touching, mouthing)
- Baumrind's Theory of Parenting Styles - -Authoritarian- (highly strict) follow
their directions and respect their work
Authoritative- parents encourage independence but still places limits and
controls
Neglectful- parent is un-involved in child's life
Indulgent- parents are highly involved in child's life but place few demands
and controls on them.
- Kubler-Ross's theory of accepting death - -1. Denial and Isolation- denies
death "No it cant be me. Its not possible."
2. Anger- dying person recognizes that denial can no longer be maintained
"why me?"
3. Bargaining- person develops the hope that death can somehow be
delayed "Yes me but..just a few more days,weeks,etc."
4. Depression- person comes to accept the certainty of death.
5. Acceptance- dying person develops a sense of peace
- Longitudinal study - percentage of participants were financially
independent by age 25 - -a little more than half
- Age of beginning signs of decline in muscle tone and strength - -30 years
old
- Nature (genetics) vs. nurture (environmental factors) of obesity - -Genes
play a role in obesity but so do environmental factors such as the availability
of food, and sociocultural factors, ex low income women tend to be more
overweight.
- Bachman et al study - findings regarding alcohol and drug use in mid-
twenties - -Peaks at 21-22 years of age and declines through the rest of the
twenties
- Phone survey - the most common perpetrator of attempted rape of college
women - -Someone the victim knew such as a classmate or boyfriend.
