STCW BASIC TRAINING
ShipooFireooPreventionoo-ooans--Shipoodesignooandooconstruction
-steel/fireooretardantoomaterials
-subdivisions
-fireooprotectionoosystems
Goodoohousekeepingoopracticesooimportant
Numberoo1oocauseooofoofireoo-ooans--CARELESSooSMOKINGooHABITS!!!oo
-ooDISPOSALoo
-ooSMOKINGooINooBEDoo
-ooDISREGARDooFORooRESTRICTEDooAREASoo
•ooPOORooHOUSEKEEPINGoo
-ooDirty/oilyoomachinery
oo-ooClothesoodrieroolintooaccumulation
oo-ooImproper,oonon-securedoostorage
Examplesooofoopooroohousekeepingoopracticesoo-ooans---
Complacencyooaboutoofireoosafetyooonootheoojob
-carelessoodisposalooofoosmokingoomaterials
-defectiveooelectricaloocomponents
-spillageooofooflammableoomaterials
-carelessooworkoohabits
FireooTriangleoo-ooans--fuel,oooxygen,ooheat
AllooofootheseoocomponentsooareoonecessaryooforooaoofireootooooccurooTheooremovalooofoo
anyoooneoocomponentoowilloocauseootheoofireootooobeooextinguished
FireooTetrahedronoo-ooans--Heat,ooFuel,ooOxygen,ooChemicalooChainooReaction
AllooofootheseoocomponentsooareoonecessaryooforooaoofireootooooccurooTheooremovalooofoo
anyoooneoocomponentoowilloocauseootheoofireootooobeooextinguished
Heatoo-ooans--
Anythingoothatooproducesootheoorequiredootemperatureooforooignitionoowilloosatisfyoothisool
egooofootheootriangleoo
-ooSunoo
-ooOpenooFlame
, -ooChemicalooReactionoo
-ooSparksoo
-ooFrictionoo
-ooStaticooElectricityoo
-ooBiologicalooProcesses
Oxygenoo-ooans--TheooEarth'sooatmosphereooconsistsooofoo21%oooxygenoo
Becauseoofireooneedsoooxygenootoooburn,ootheooamountooofoooxygenooavailableootoooitooc
ontrolsootheoorateooatoowhichooitooburns
Fueloo-ooans--Onlyoovaporsooburnoo
•ooLiquidsoo&oosolidsooareootoooodenseooandoomustoofirstoobeoovaporizedoo
•ooTheootendencyooofooaoosubstanceootooovaporizeooisooanooindicationooofooitsooabilityootoo
oburn.oo
•ooLiquidsoovaporizeoomoreooreadilyoothanoosolidsoo
•ooGasesooareooalreadyooinooaoovaporoostate
ChainooReactionoo-ooans--YouoocanoohaveooOxygenoo-ooHeatoo-
ooFuelooinootheoosameooplaceooatootheoosameootimeooandoostilloonotoohaveooaoofireoo(explai
n)oo
•ooFUELoo-
ooOXYGENoorelationshipoomustoobeoobalanced,ooi.e.,oomustoobeooinootheooFlammableooR
angeoo
•ooHeatoomustoobeoosufficientootooobringoofuelootoooitsoo"IgnitionooTemperature"
ToooStopooaooFireoo-ooans--•ooremoveootheoofuel
oo•ooremoveootheooheat
•ooremoveootheoooxygen
•oointerruptoochemicalooreaction
ooORoo•oodoooanyoocombinationooofooabove
ClassificationsooofooFiresoo-ooans--Fiveooclassesooofoofire:
oo1.ooClassooAoo-oocombustibleoosolidsoo(woodoopaper,oorubber)oo
2.ooClassooBoo-oocombustibleooandooflammableooliquidsooandoogasesoo(oil,oogasoline)
3.ooClassooCoo-
ooenergizedooelectricalooequipmentoo(electricalooequipment,oowiring,ooappliances)
4.ooClassooDoo-oocombustibleoometalsoo(sodium,oozinc,oomanganese)
5.ooClassooKoo-oocookingoomaterialoo(animal/vegetableoofats)
Flashoopointoo-ooans--FLASHooPOINToo(ofooaooLiquid)oo
-
ooTheoolowestootemperatureooatoowhichooaooliquidoogivesoooffoosufficientoovaporootoooformo
oanooignitableoomixtureooatootheoosurfaceooofootheooliquidoo
-
ooFireooflashesooacrossootheoosurfaceoogivenoosufficientoooxygenooandooanooexternaloosou
rceooofooignitionoo
ShipooFireooPreventionoo-ooans--Shipoodesignooandooconstruction
-steel/fireooretardantoomaterials
-subdivisions
-fireooprotectionoosystems
Goodoohousekeepingoopracticesooimportant
Numberoo1oocauseooofoofireoo-ooans--CARELESSooSMOKINGooHABITS!!!oo
-ooDISPOSALoo
-ooSMOKINGooINooBEDoo
-ooDISREGARDooFORooRESTRICTEDooAREASoo
•ooPOORooHOUSEKEEPINGoo
-ooDirty/oilyoomachinery
oo-ooClothesoodrieroolintooaccumulation
oo-ooImproper,oonon-securedoostorage
Examplesooofoopooroohousekeepingoopracticesoo-ooans---
Complacencyooaboutoofireoosafetyooonootheoojob
-carelessoodisposalooofoosmokingoomaterials
-defectiveooelectricaloocomponents
-spillageooofooflammableoomaterials
-carelessooworkoohabits
FireooTriangleoo-ooans--fuel,oooxygen,ooheat
AllooofootheseoocomponentsooareoonecessaryooforooaoofireootooooccurooTheooremovalooofoo
anyoooneoocomponentoowilloocauseootheoofireootooobeooextinguished
FireooTetrahedronoo-ooans--Heat,ooFuel,ooOxygen,ooChemicalooChainooReaction
AllooofootheseoocomponentsooareoonecessaryooforooaoofireootooooccurooTheooremovalooofoo
anyoooneoocomponentoowilloocauseootheoofireootooobeooextinguished
Heatoo-ooans--
Anythingoothatooproducesootheoorequiredootemperatureooforooignitionoowilloosatisfyoothisool
egooofootheootriangleoo
-ooSunoo
-ooOpenooFlame
, -ooChemicalooReactionoo
-ooSparksoo
-ooFrictionoo
-ooStaticooElectricityoo
-ooBiologicalooProcesses
Oxygenoo-ooans--TheooEarth'sooatmosphereooconsistsooofoo21%oooxygenoo
Becauseoofireooneedsoooxygenootoooburn,ootheooamountooofoooxygenooavailableootoooitooc
ontrolsootheoorateooatoowhichooitooburns
Fueloo-ooans--Onlyoovaporsooburnoo
•ooLiquidsoo&oosolidsooareootoooodenseooandoomustoofirstoobeoovaporizedoo
•ooTheootendencyooofooaoosubstanceootooovaporizeooisooanooindicationooofooitsooabilityootoo
oburn.oo
•ooLiquidsoovaporizeoomoreooreadilyoothanoosolidsoo
•ooGasesooareooalreadyooinooaoovaporoostate
ChainooReactionoo-ooans--YouoocanoohaveooOxygenoo-ooHeatoo-
ooFuelooinootheoosameooplaceooatootheoosameootimeooandoostilloonotoohaveooaoofireoo(explai
n)oo
•ooFUELoo-
ooOXYGENoorelationshipoomustoobeoobalanced,ooi.e.,oomustoobeooinootheooFlammableooR
angeoo
•ooHeatoomustoobeoosufficientootooobringoofuelootoooitsoo"IgnitionooTemperature"
ToooStopooaooFireoo-ooans--•ooremoveootheoofuel
oo•ooremoveootheooheat
•ooremoveootheoooxygen
•oointerruptoochemicalooreaction
ooORoo•oodoooanyoocombinationooofooabove
ClassificationsooofooFiresoo-ooans--Fiveooclassesooofoofire:
oo1.ooClassooAoo-oocombustibleoosolidsoo(woodoopaper,oorubber)oo
2.ooClassooBoo-oocombustibleooandooflammableooliquidsooandoogasesoo(oil,oogasoline)
3.ooClassooCoo-
ooenergizedooelectricalooequipmentoo(electricalooequipment,oowiring,ooappliances)
4.ooClassooDoo-oocombustibleoometalsoo(sodium,oozinc,oomanganese)
5.ooClassooKoo-oocookingoomaterialoo(animal/vegetableoofats)
Flashoopointoo-ooans--FLASHooPOINToo(ofooaooLiquid)oo
-
ooTheoolowestootemperatureooatoowhichooaooliquidoogivesoooffoosufficientoovaporootoooformo
oanooignitableoomixtureooatootheoosurfaceooofootheooliquidoo
-
ooFireooflashesooacrossootheoosurfaceoogivenoosufficientoooxygenooandooanooexternaloosou
rceooofooignitionoo