NSPN 7150 Test with Questions and 100% Correct
Verified Answers
Why is breastfeeding protective agains breast cancer - ✔✔ducts during puberty are sensitive
to estrogen but during pregnancy they are much less estrogen sensitive
Accessory breast tissue - ✔✔Breast tissue that develops anywhere along the primitive milk
line. Grows during pregnancy. Can be uncomfortable treatment is patience time and cold
therapy
Role of Prolactin - ✔✔-Is responsible for milk production
-Causes alveoli to produce milk
-Levels increase with suckling
-Mothers feel sleepy and relaxed
-Breastfeeding early and often increases the number of prolactin receptors
Patho of Oxytocin - ✔✔Oxytocin receptors in breasts increase in sensitivity during
pregnancy. Skin to skin increases oxytocin as receptors in breast, uterus and brain. Oxytocin
released in responce to touch, smell, sight and sounds so massage of infants hands on breast
and suckling causes surge in oxytocin.
Released from blood stream and by nerve centres so has direct impact. Effects males and
females.
Patho of Prolactin - ✔✔Levels rise throughout pregnancy. Progesterone blocks prolactin's
role. When placenta is delivered prolactin causes copious production of milk. If no suckling
levels fall to baseline in 2 weeks
Role of Oxytocin - ✔✔-Keeps mother calm, decreases stress and enhances ability to interact
with infant
, - causes contraction of uterus reducing risk of pph
-contraction of muscle cells around alveoli causing milk to flow down the ducts causing milk
ejection reflex
-raises pain threshold
-Mobilizes nutrients, hunger/satiety and hormones for GI system
-Increases blood blow and decreases bp
Autocrine control - ✔✔As alveolar lumen fills components in the milk signal secretory cells to
slow down milk synthesis (feedback inhibitor of lactation). The emptier the breast the faster it
tries to refill. Initial milk production is endocrine (hormonal) maintenance is autocrine and
nipple stimulation and milk removal is essential
Milk removal depends of the infant feeding - ✔✔Often enough
long enough
well enough
key principles supporting breastmilk production (3es) - ✔✔Early and often (skin to skin
immediately, frequent feeds)
Effective feeding (effective latch, active sucking, complete feeds)
Exclusive breastfeeding (no artificial nipples)
Patho of leaky alveolar cells - ✔✔for first 4 days pp spaces between the alveorlar cells allow
greater passage of Igs and maternal proteins into breastmilk causing concentrated colostrum.
Also higher risk of medication transfer into breastmilk. Junction closes after first week
Causes of Primary Insufficiency - ✔✔-Insufficient growth and development of breasts (rare
that mothers develop insufficient glandular tissue to sustain milk production. may not notice
breast changes during pregnancy or asymetrical)
-polycystic ovarian syndrome (hypoplasia and large breasts with little breast tissue
Verified Answers
Why is breastfeeding protective agains breast cancer - ✔✔ducts during puberty are sensitive
to estrogen but during pregnancy they are much less estrogen sensitive
Accessory breast tissue - ✔✔Breast tissue that develops anywhere along the primitive milk
line. Grows during pregnancy. Can be uncomfortable treatment is patience time and cold
therapy
Role of Prolactin - ✔✔-Is responsible for milk production
-Causes alveoli to produce milk
-Levels increase with suckling
-Mothers feel sleepy and relaxed
-Breastfeeding early and often increases the number of prolactin receptors
Patho of Oxytocin - ✔✔Oxytocin receptors in breasts increase in sensitivity during
pregnancy. Skin to skin increases oxytocin as receptors in breast, uterus and brain. Oxytocin
released in responce to touch, smell, sight and sounds so massage of infants hands on breast
and suckling causes surge in oxytocin.
Released from blood stream and by nerve centres so has direct impact. Effects males and
females.
Patho of Prolactin - ✔✔Levels rise throughout pregnancy. Progesterone blocks prolactin's
role. When placenta is delivered prolactin causes copious production of milk. If no suckling
levels fall to baseline in 2 weeks
Role of Oxytocin - ✔✔-Keeps mother calm, decreases stress and enhances ability to interact
with infant
, - causes contraction of uterus reducing risk of pph
-contraction of muscle cells around alveoli causing milk to flow down the ducts causing milk
ejection reflex
-raises pain threshold
-Mobilizes nutrients, hunger/satiety and hormones for GI system
-Increases blood blow and decreases bp
Autocrine control - ✔✔As alveolar lumen fills components in the milk signal secretory cells to
slow down milk synthesis (feedback inhibitor of lactation). The emptier the breast the faster it
tries to refill. Initial milk production is endocrine (hormonal) maintenance is autocrine and
nipple stimulation and milk removal is essential
Milk removal depends of the infant feeding - ✔✔Often enough
long enough
well enough
key principles supporting breastmilk production (3es) - ✔✔Early and often (skin to skin
immediately, frequent feeds)
Effective feeding (effective latch, active sucking, complete feeds)
Exclusive breastfeeding (no artificial nipples)
Patho of leaky alveolar cells - ✔✔for first 4 days pp spaces between the alveorlar cells allow
greater passage of Igs and maternal proteins into breastmilk causing concentrated colostrum.
Also higher risk of medication transfer into breastmilk. Junction closes after first week
Causes of Primary Insufficiency - ✔✔-Insufficient growth and development of breasts (rare
that mothers develop insufficient glandular tissue to sustain milk production. may not notice
breast changes during pregnancy or asymetrical)
-polycystic ovarian syndrome (hypoplasia and large breasts with little breast tissue
