FAD3220 Exam 1 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
lifespan development - CORRECT ANSWER- the field of study that examines patterns of
growth, change, and stability in behavior that occur throughout the entire life span.
cognitive development (topical area) - CORRECT ANSWER- development involving the
ways that growth and change in intellectual capabilities influence a person's behavior.
physical development (topical area) - CORRECT ANSWER- development involving the
body's physical makeup, including the brain, nervous system, muscles, and senses, and the need
for food, drink, and sleep.
social development (topical area) - CORRECT ANSWER- the way in which individuals'
interactions with others and their social relationships grow, change, and remain stable over the
course of life.
cohort - CORRECT ANSWER- a group of people born at around the same time in the same
place.
Age-graded influences - CORRECT ANSWER- biological and environmental influences that
are similar for individuals in a particular age group, regardless of when or where they are raised.
Non-normative life events - CORRECT ANSWER- specific, atypical events that occur in a
particular person's life at a time when such events do not happen to most people.
Continuous versus Discontinuous change - CORRECT ANSWER- continuous: gradual
development in which achievements at one level build on those of previous levels.
discontinuous: development that occurs in distinct steps or stages, with each stage bringing about
behavior that is assumed to be qualitatively different from behavior at earlier stages.
,critical period - CORRECT ANSWER- a specific time during development when a particular
event has its greatest consequences and the presence of certain kinds of environmental stimuli
are necessary for development to proceed normally.
Sensitive period - CORRECT ANSWER- a point in development when organisms are
particularly susceptible to certain kinds of stimuli in their environments, but the absence of those
stimuli does not always produce irreversible consequences.
Psychodynamic Perspective - CORRECT ANSWER- the approach that states behavior is
motivated by inner forces, memories, and conflicts that are generally beyond people's awareness
and control.
Behavioral Perspective - CORRECT ANSWER- the approach that suggests that the keys to
understanding development are observable behavior and outside stimuli in the environment.
Cognitive Perspective - CORRECT ANSWER- the approach that focuses on the processes
that allow people to know, understand, and think about the world.
psychoanalytic theory - CORRECT ANSWER- the theory proposed by Freud that suggests
that unconscious forces act to determine personality and behavior.
operant conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER- a form of learning in which a voluntary
response is strengthened or weakened by its association with positive or negative consequences.
Piaget - CORRECT ANSWER- Swiss psychologist who lived from 1896 to 1980; proposed
that all people pass through a fixed sequence of universal stages of cognitive development;
suggested that human thinking is arranged into schemes, organized mental patterns that represent
behaviors and actions; assimilation and accommodation;
Freud - CORRECT ANSWER- lived from 1856 to 1939, was a Viennese physician whose
revolutionary ideas had a profound effect not only on
, psychology and psychiatry, but on Western thought in general; psychoanalytic theory; the
unconscious is a part of the personality about which a person is unaware; id (pleasure principle),
ego (reality principle), superego (conscience)
Humanistic Perspective - CORRECT ANSWER- the theory that contends that people have a
natural capacity to make decisions about their lives and control their behavior.
contextual perspective - CORRECT ANSWER- the theory that considers the relationship
between individuals and their physical, cognitive, personality, and
social worlds.
evolutionary perspective - CORRECT ANSWER- the theory that seeks to identify behavior
that is a result of our genetic inheritance from our ancestors.
race - CORRECT ANSWER- Identity with a group of people descended from a common
ancestor.
ethnicity - CORRECT ANSWER- Identity with a group of people that share distinct physical
and mental traits as a product of common heredity and cultural traditions.
Scientific method - CORRECT ANSWER- the process of posing and answering questions
using careful, controlled techniques that include systematic, orderly observation and the
collection of data.
correlational research method - CORRECT ANSWER- research that seeks to identify
whether an association or relationship between two factors exists.
experimental research method - CORRECT ANSWER- research designed to discover causal
relationships between various factors.
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
lifespan development - CORRECT ANSWER- the field of study that examines patterns of
growth, change, and stability in behavior that occur throughout the entire life span.
cognitive development (topical area) - CORRECT ANSWER- development involving the
ways that growth and change in intellectual capabilities influence a person's behavior.
physical development (topical area) - CORRECT ANSWER- development involving the
body's physical makeup, including the brain, nervous system, muscles, and senses, and the need
for food, drink, and sleep.
social development (topical area) - CORRECT ANSWER- the way in which individuals'
interactions with others and their social relationships grow, change, and remain stable over the
course of life.
cohort - CORRECT ANSWER- a group of people born at around the same time in the same
place.
Age-graded influences - CORRECT ANSWER- biological and environmental influences that
are similar for individuals in a particular age group, regardless of when or where they are raised.
Non-normative life events - CORRECT ANSWER- specific, atypical events that occur in a
particular person's life at a time when such events do not happen to most people.
Continuous versus Discontinuous change - CORRECT ANSWER- continuous: gradual
development in which achievements at one level build on those of previous levels.
discontinuous: development that occurs in distinct steps or stages, with each stage bringing about
behavior that is assumed to be qualitatively different from behavior at earlier stages.
,critical period - CORRECT ANSWER- a specific time during development when a particular
event has its greatest consequences and the presence of certain kinds of environmental stimuli
are necessary for development to proceed normally.
Sensitive period - CORRECT ANSWER- a point in development when organisms are
particularly susceptible to certain kinds of stimuli in their environments, but the absence of those
stimuli does not always produce irreversible consequences.
Psychodynamic Perspective - CORRECT ANSWER- the approach that states behavior is
motivated by inner forces, memories, and conflicts that are generally beyond people's awareness
and control.
Behavioral Perspective - CORRECT ANSWER- the approach that suggests that the keys to
understanding development are observable behavior and outside stimuli in the environment.
Cognitive Perspective - CORRECT ANSWER- the approach that focuses on the processes
that allow people to know, understand, and think about the world.
psychoanalytic theory - CORRECT ANSWER- the theory proposed by Freud that suggests
that unconscious forces act to determine personality and behavior.
operant conditioning - CORRECT ANSWER- a form of learning in which a voluntary
response is strengthened or weakened by its association with positive or negative consequences.
Piaget - CORRECT ANSWER- Swiss psychologist who lived from 1896 to 1980; proposed
that all people pass through a fixed sequence of universal stages of cognitive development;
suggested that human thinking is arranged into schemes, organized mental patterns that represent
behaviors and actions; assimilation and accommodation;
Freud - CORRECT ANSWER- lived from 1856 to 1939, was a Viennese physician whose
revolutionary ideas had a profound effect not only on
, psychology and psychiatry, but on Western thought in general; psychoanalytic theory; the
unconscious is a part of the personality about which a person is unaware; id (pleasure principle),
ego (reality principle), superego (conscience)
Humanistic Perspective - CORRECT ANSWER- the theory that contends that people have a
natural capacity to make decisions about their lives and control their behavior.
contextual perspective - CORRECT ANSWER- the theory that considers the relationship
between individuals and their physical, cognitive, personality, and
social worlds.
evolutionary perspective - CORRECT ANSWER- the theory that seeks to identify behavior
that is a result of our genetic inheritance from our ancestors.
race - CORRECT ANSWER- Identity with a group of people descended from a common
ancestor.
ethnicity - CORRECT ANSWER- Identity with a group of people that share distinct physical
and mental traits as a product of common heredity and cultural traditions.
Scientific method - CORRECT ANSWER- the process of posing and answering questions
using careful, controlled techniques that include systematic, orderly observation and the
collection of data.
correlational research method - CORRECT ANSWER- research that seeks to identify
whether an association or relationship between two factors exists.
experimental research method - CORRECT ANSWER- research designed to discover causal
relationships between various factors.
