©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
NSPN 7150 Mod 2 Exam Questions And
Answers
Difference in formula and breastmilk (composition, nutritional component, bacterial growth, -
Answers✔human milk is a solution of nutrients and growth factors while formula is
homogenized solution of chemicals. human milk is a living fluid that changes to meet the
demand of the infant. Is bacteriostatic unlike formula
How much milk does the infant need - Answers✔It's important to remember that the infant just
needs enough milk
Each mothers milk is - Answers✔unique, changes to meet the needs of the infant, changes
dependent on gestational age, health of infant, time of day and time during feeding
What does not change in breastmilk - Answers✔One thing that doesn't change is the quality of
the milk for the infant.
Changes in breastmilk - Answers✔-gestational age (preterm milk is higher in protein and anti-
infectives)
-stage of lactation (stage 1 colostrum, 2 copious milk secretion, 3 mature milk)
-time of day (mothers have more milk in the morning, in evenings feel less full, at night
breastmilk is higher in fat and lower in volume to promote sleep)
-Stage of feed (fore milk (95% of volume and hind milk 5%) increase in fat concentration
-Maternal diet total amount is not affected but types of fat influence fatty acids
-age of infant (each mothers milk constantly changes to meet the needs of infant. salivary
amylase fine-tunes what is in breast milk
-between breasts breast milk will adapt to feeding two infants or children with different needs
if each nurses one breast
-mother or infant are ill. mothers antibodies will protect the infant
Content of colostrum - Answers✔more concetrated in protein, minerals, igs, less fat than
mature milk
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
When to mothers produce colostrum - Answers✔In the last trimester of pregnancy and for the
first 2-3 days after birth
Contents of Colostrum - Answers✔High density and low volume
high in immunoglobulins (iga) (even higher in preterm colostrum)
lactose (prevents hypoglycemia and facilitates passage of meconium which helps excretion of
bilirubin)
laxative lacto albumin/curd ration aids in digestion
All 10 amino acids
high levels of stem cells
Effect of colostrum on gut - Answers✔Gut is permiable. Colostrum is thick and coats the
stomach to decrease the permeability of the gut preventing passage of large particles and
pathogen. important not to give formula to breastfed infant before gut closure occurs
Properties and Components of Carbohydrates in milk - Answers✔-7% of the composition of
mature milk
-Major carbohydrate is lactose which supplies 10% of caloric needs. -Lactose metabolizes into
galactose and glucose which supplies energy. Slow breakdown and absorption increases Ca
absorption and facilitates passage of meconium and excretion of bilirubin
-Oligosaccharides. play a role in protecting the gut from organisms by promoting growth of
bifidus factors which promote growth of lactobacillus bifidus (probiotics), increase acidity in the
intestinal environment (prevents necrotizing enterocolitis) and inhibits the growth of
pathogenic bacteria
Properties and Components of Protein in milk - Answers✔Level of protein is not affected by the
diet. Levels change to meet nutritional need of the infant.
Whey (lactoalbumin) is a smoother protein that forms soft curds taht are quickly digested
which provides a continuous supply of nutrients to the infant resulting in loose stools and needs
to eat frequently. 90% in early lactation and 60% in mature
Lactoferrin is a whey protein that that deprives pathogens of iron preventing harmful growth.
Also promotes growth of lactobacillus bifidus which enhances absorption of iron. higher % in
preterm milk. not present in formula
Casien (curd) is a tough less digestible curd that requires high expenditure for an incomplete
digestive process. Enhances the absorption of iron preventing iron dependent bacteria from
growing
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
NSPN 7150 Mod 2 Exam Questions And
Answers
Difference in formula and breastmilk (composition, nutritional component, bacterial growth, -
Answers✔human milk is a solution of nutrients and growth factors while formula is
homogenized solution of chemicals. human milk is a living fluid that changes to meet the
demand of the infant. Is bacteriostatic unlike formula
How much milk does the infant need - Answers✔It's important to remember that the infant just
needs enough milk
Each mothers milk is - Answers✔unique, changes to meet the needs of the infant, changes
dependent on gestational age, health of infant, time of day and time during feeding
What does not change in breastmilk - Answers✔One thing that doesn't change is the quality of
the milk for the infant.
Changes in breastmilk - Answers✔-gestational age (preterm milk is higher in protein and anti-
infectives)
-stage of lactation (stage 1 colostrum, 2 copious milk secretion, 3 mature milk)
-time of day (mothers have more milk in the morning, in evenings feel less full, at night
breastmilk is higher in fat and lower in volume to promote sleep)
-Stage of feed (fore milk (95% of volume and hind milk 5%) increase in fat concentration
-Maternal diet total amount is not affected but types of fat influence fatty acids
-age of infant (each mothers milk constantly changes to meet the needs of infant. salivary
amylase fine-tunes what is in breast milk
-between breasts breast milk will adapt to feeding two infants or children with different needs
if each nurses one breast
-mother or infant are ill. mothers antibodies will protect the infant
Content of colostrum - Answers✔more concetrated in protein, minerals, igs, less fat than
mature milk
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
When to mothers produce colostrum - Answers✔In the last trimester of pregnancy and for the
first 2-3 days after birth
Contents of Colostrum - Answers✔High density and low volume
high in immunoglobulins (iga) (even higher in preterm colostrum)
lactose (prevents hypoglycemia and facilitates passage of meconium which helps excretion of
bilirubin)
laxative lacto albumin/curd ration aids in digestion
All 10 amino acids
high levels of stem cells
Effect of colostrum on gut - Answers✔Gut is permiable. Colostrum is thick and coats the
stomach to decrease the permeability of the gut preventing passage of large particles and
pathogen. important not to give formula to breastfed infant before gut closure occurs
Properties and Components of Carbohydrates in milk - Answers✔-7% of the composition of
mature milk
-Major carbohydrate is lactose which supplies 10% of caloric needs. -Lactose metabolizes into
galactose and glucose which supplies energy. Slow breakdown and absorption increases Ca
absorption and facilitates passage of meconium and excretion of bilirubin
-Oligosaccharides. play a role in protecting the gut from organisms by promoting growth of
bifidus factors which promote growth of lactobacillus bifidus (probiotics), increase acidity in the
intestinal environment (prevents necrotizing enterocolitis) and inhibits the growth of
pathogenic bacteria
Properties and Components of Protein in milk - Answers✔Level of protein is not affected by the
diet. Levels change to meet nutritional need of the infant.
Whey (lactoalbumin) is a smoother protein that forms soft curds taht are quickly digested
which provides a continuous supply of nutrients to the infant resulting in loose stools and needs
to eat frequently. 90% in early lactation and 60% in mature
Lactoferrin is a whey protein that that deprives pathogens of iron preventing harmful growth.
Also promotes growth of lactobacillus bifidus which enhances absorption of iron. higher % in
preterm milk. not present in formula
Casien (curd) is a tough less digestible curd that requires high expenditure for an incomplete
digestive process. Enhances the absorption of iron preventing iron dependent bacteria from
growing
