Nu110 Exam 4 Questions and Answers
endocrine system - Answer-Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth,
reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells.
central sulcus - Answer-separates frontal and parietal lobes
lateral sulcus - Answer-separates the parietal and temporal lobes
Cerebrum - Answer-Portion of brain divided into a right and left hemisphere by the corpus collasum
Schwann cells - Answer-Myelinated axons and dendrites for the PNS-can be surgically repaired
Interneurons - Answer-CNS- memory, thinking, and learning/ connects sensory and motor nerves
Cerebellum - Answer-Muscle coordination and tone
Insulin - Answer-Hyperglycemia
Glucagon - Answer-Hypoglycemia
,Cortisol - Answer-adrenal cortex- burns fat and protein for energy/ immunosuppressant/ anti
inflammatory
afferent - Answer-PNS and CNS
efferent - Answer-CNS to PNS
Cranial Nerve 1 - Answer-Olfactory (smell)
Cranial Nerve VII - Answer-Facial - controls most facial expressions & secretion of tears & saliva & taste
Cranial Nerve XI: Accessory - Answer-shoulder movement and head rotation
Cranial Nerve X: Vagus - Answer-Sensory from visceral organs (Heart, Lungs, Digestive system) and
smooth muscle contraction.
Cranial Nerve XII: Hypoglossal - Answer--Function: motor/sensory fibers to/from tongue. Movement of
tongue
-Testing procedure: ask person to stick out tongue, positional abnormalities are noted
Cranial Nerve 2 - Answer-Optic - vision
Cranial Nerve 3 - Answer-Oculomotor (eye movement)
Cranial Nerve 4 - Answer-Trochlear (eye movement)
, Cranial Nerve 5 - Answer-Trigeminal
Cranial Nerve 6 - Answer-Abducens (motor)
Cranial Nerve 7 - Answer-Facial
Cranial Nerve 8 - Answer-Vestibulocochlear
Cranial Nerve 9 - Answer-Glossopharyngeal
ascending tracts - Answer-carry sensory information to the brain
descending tracts - Answer-carry motor commands to spinal cord
Spinal Cord Structure and Function - Answer-• The spinal cord is a continuation of the brain stem
through the vertebral column providing a two way path of communication between the brain and rest of
the body. It also is a reflex center (integrator)
◦ Contains gray matter shaped like "butterfly" or "H" in the middle surround central spinal canal while
white matter surrounds this
◦ Gray matter mostly cell body, white matter myelin from tracts
• Two bulges in the spinal cord, one in the cervical and one in the lumbar region
31 pairs of spinal nerves - Answer-8 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral
1 coccygeal
endocrine system - Answer-Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth,
reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells.
central sulcus - Answer-separates frontal and parietal lobes
lateral sulcus - Answer-separates the parietal and temporal lobes
Cerebrum - Answer-Portion of brain divided into a right and left hemisphere by the corpus collasum
Schwann cells - Answer-Myelinated axons and dendrites for the PNS-can be surgically repaired
Interneurons - Answer-CNS- memory, thinking, and learning/ connects sensory and motor nerves
Cerebellum - Answer-Muscle coordination and tone
Insulin - Answer-Hyperglycemia
Glucagon - Answer-Hypoglycemia
,Cortisol - Answer-adrenal cortex- burns fat and protein for energy/ immunosuppressant/ anti
inflammatory
afferent - Answer-PNS and CNS
efferent - Answer-CNS to PNS
Cranial Nerve 1 - Answer-Olfactory (smell)
Cranial Nerve VII - Answer-Facial - controls most facial expressions & secretion of tears & saliva & taste
Cranial Nerve XI: Accessory - Answer-shoulder movement and head rotation
Cranial Nerve X: Vagus - Answer-Sensory from visceral organs (Heart, Lungs, Digestive system) and
smooth muscle contraction.
Cranial Nerve XII: Hypoglossal - Answer--Function: motor/sensory fibers to/from tongue. Movement of
tongue
-Testing procedure: ask person to stick out tongue, positional abnormalities are noted
Cranial Nerve 2 - Answer-Optic - vision
Cranial Nerve 3 - Answer-Oculomotor (eye movement)
Cranial Nerve 4 - Answer-Trochlear (eye movement)
, Cranial Nerve 5 - Answer-Trigeminal
Cranial Nerve 6 - Answer-Abducens (motor)
Cranial Nerve 7 - Answer-Facial
Cranial Nerve 8 - Answer-Vestibulocochlear
Cranial Nerve 9 - Answer-Glossopharyngeal
ascending tracts - Answer-carry sensory information to the brain
descending tracts - Answer-carry motor commands to spinal cord
Spinal Cord Structure and Function - Answer-• The spinal cord is a continuation of the brain stem
through the vertebral column providing a two way path of communication between the brain and rest of
the body. It also is a reflex center (integrator)
◦ Contains gray matter shaped like "butterfly" or "H" in the middle surround central spinal canal while
white matter surrounds this
◦ Gray matter mostly cell body, white matter myelin from tracts
• Two bulges in the spinal cord, one in the cervical and one in the lumbar region
31 pairs of spinal nerves - Answer-8 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral
1 coccygeal
