Pharm 180 quiz 5
, • Drug jTherapy jfor jHeart jFailure
o ACE jinhibitors j(-pril)
o Angiotensin jII jreceptor jblockers j(-artan)
o Cardiac jglycosides j(-oxin)
o Beta jblockers j(-lol)
o Aldosterone jantagonists j(-one)
o B-type jnatriuretic jpeptides j(-tide)
o Phosphodiesterase j inhibitors j (-one)
• Ace jInhibitors
o They jblock jconversion jfrom jangiotensin j1 jto jangiotensin j2
o Often jused jas jfirst-line jdrugs jfor jHF jand jhypertension
o All jend jin j“pril”
o Side jeffects jare
▪ Dry jcough
• If jthere jis jdry jcough, jDO jNOT jgive jcough jmedication, jchange jthe jpill
▪ Hyperkalemia
▪ Angioedema, jrare jbut jcan jbe jfatal jif jit jhappens
• Digoxin j(Lanoxin)
o Also jcalled jdigitalis j(originally jobtained jfrom jDigitalis jplant, jfoxglove)
o Positive jinotropic jeffect
▪ Increased jforce jand jvelocity jof jmyocardial jcontraction j(without jan jincrease jin
joxygen jconsumption)
o Negative jchronotropic jeffect
▪ Reduced jheart jrate
o Negative jdromotropic jeffect
▪ Decreased jautomaticity jat jSA jnode, jdecreased jAV jnodal jconduction, jand jother jeffects
o Adverse jEffects
▪ Very jnarrow jtherapeutic jwindow j(0.5 jto j2 jng/mL)
▪ Low jK jlevels jincrease jits jtoxicity
▪ Cardiovascular
• Dysrhythmias, jincluding jbradycardia jor jtachycardia
▪ CNS
• Headaches, jfatigue, jmalaise, j confusion, jconvulsions
▪ Eye
• Colored jvision j(seeing jgreen, jyellow, jpurple), jhalo jvision, jflickering jlights
▪ GI
• Anorexia, jnausea, jvomiting, jdiarrhea
o Careful
▪ Digoxin j+ jDiuretics
▪ AV jblock, jdysrhythmias, jMI, jcor jpulmonale, jhypothyroidism
o Digoxin jToxicity
▪ digoxin jimmune jFab j(Digibind) jtherapy j(antidote)
▪ Hyperkalemia j(serum jpotassium jgreater jthan j5 jmEq/L) jin ja jdigitalis-toxic jpatient
▪ Life-threatening jcardiac jdysrhythmias
▪ Life-threatening jdigoxin joverdose
o Many jdrug jinteractions
▪ Ginseng
, • Drug jTherapy jfor jHeart jFailure
o ACE jinhibitors j(-pril)
o Angiotensin jII jreceptor jblockers j(-artan)
o Cardiac jglycosides j(-oxin)
o Beta jblockers j(-lol)
o Aldosterone jantagonists j(-one)
o B-type jnatriuretic jpeptides j(-tide)
o Phosphodiesterase j inhibitors j (-one)
• Ace jInhibitors
o They jblock jconversion jfrom jangiotensin j1 jto jangiotensin j2
o Often jused jas jfirst-line jdrugs jfor jHF jand jhypertension
o All jend jin j“pril”
o Side jeffects jare
▪ Dry jcough
• If jthere jis jdry jcough, jDO jNOT jgive jcough jmedication, jchange jthe jpill
▪ Hyperkalemia
▪ Angioedema, jrare jbut jcan jbe jfatal jif jit jhappens
• Digoxin j(Lanoxin)
o Also jcalled jdigitalis j(originally jobtained jfrom jDigitalis jplant, jfoxglove)
o Positive jinotropic jeffect
▪ Increased jforce jand jvelocity jof jmyocardial jcontraction j(without jan jincrease jin
joxygen jconsumption)
o Negative jchronotropic jeffect
▪ Reduced jheart jrate
o Negative jdromotropic jeffect
▪ Decreased jautomaticity jat jSA jnode, jdecreased jAV jnodal jconduction, jand jother jeffects
o Adverse jEffects
▪ Very jnarrow jtherapeutic jwindow j(0.5 jto j2 jng/mL)
▪ Low jK jlevels jincrease jits jtoxicity
▪ Cardiovascular
• Dysrhythmias, jincluding jbradycardia jor jtachycardia
▪ CNS
• Headaches, jfatigue, jmalaise, j confusion, jconvulsions
▪ Eye
• Colored jvision j(seeing jgreen, jyellow, jpurple), jhalo jvision, jflickering jlights
▪ GI
• Anorexia, jnausea, jvomiting, jdiarrhea
o Careful
▪ Digoxin j+ jDiuretics
▪ AV jblock, jdysrhythmias, jMI, jcor jpulmonale, jhypothyroidism
o Digoxin jToxicity
▪ digoxin jimmune jFab j(Digibind) jtherapy j(antidote)
▪ Hyperkalemia j(serum jpotassium jgreater jthan j5 jmEq/L) jin ja jdigitalis-toxic jpatient
▪ Life-threatening jcardiac jdysrhythmias
▪ Life-threatening jdigoxin joverdose
o Many jdrug jinteractions
▪ Ginseng
