NP1 EXAM 6
1. What are the manifestations of open angle glaucoma?: --gradual loss ofperipheral vision
(tunnel vision)
--blurry vision
--halos around lights
--increased IOP >21
2. what are the manifestations of angle closure glaucoma?: --sudden onset ofvision
disturbances
--severe eye pain
--severe N/V
--blurred vision
--halo vision
3. What is used to diagnosed glaucoma?: tonometry to asses IOP
4. What is the treatment for glaucoma?: Eye drops and monitoring IOP.Treatment is lifelong
(no cure).
5. Timolol: --decreases the volume of aqueous humor created by the eye(treats glaucoma)
--can be absorbed systemically and cause bronchoconstriction & hypoglycemia
--can potentiate systemic effects of oral beta-blockers (bradycardia & hypotension)
6. What is the patho for retinal detachment?: occurs when retinal tissue in theposterior of th
eye pulls away or detaches from it normal position
7. What are the manifestations of retinal detachment?: --sensation of a shadeor curtain
coming across the vision of one eye
--bright flashing lights
--sudden onset of floaters
--blurry/distorted vision
8. What are the treatments for retinal detachment?: --scleral buckle
--pars plana vitrectomy and pneumatic retinopexy (inserting a gas bubble into thevitreous
chamber)
9. List postop care for retinal detachment.: --eye shield nightly for 1 week
--eye drops (anti-inflammatories and antibiotics)
--lie face down for up to 3 months following surgery
, --avoid putting stuff in eye for 1 week
--avoid lifting over 15lbs for 3 months
--do not drive for 2 weeks
10. What is the distinguishing manifestations of glaucoma?: diminished periph-eral vision
11. what is the distinguishing manifestation of AMD?: blind spots in the centerof the field of
vision
12. what is the distinguishing manifestation of cataracts?: blurry or hazy vision
13. what is the distinguishing manifestation of retinal detachment?: seeingfloating dark spots
moving through all vision fields (ATI)
14. What is the patho of dry AMD?: The slow breakdown of the outer layer of theretina
(macula) with the appearance of drusen (clusters of debris/waste materials)that causes a
gradual blurring of vision
15. What is the patho of wet AMD?: The proliferation of abnormal blood vessels growing
under the retina (macula); vessels leak fluid & blood that elevate the retina
16. Which comes first, Wet or Dry AMD?: Dry AMD
17. What are the manifestations of AMD?: —gradual blurring of vision
—diminished central vision
—impaired night vision
—distorted vision
18. Which AMD progresses more rapidly? (Wet or Dry): Wet AMD progresses more rapidly
and causes sudden blurred vision or blind spots in the center of thevisual field
19. What is used to diagnose AMD?: Fluorescein angiography
20. Name dietary modifications to treat AMD and their food sources.: —increaseintake of
antioxidants (lutein and zeaxanthin), zinc, and omega 3 fatty acids
—Foods high in antioxidants: carrots and spinach
—Foods high in zinc: red meats and dairy
—Foods high in omega 3: fish
21. How is AMD treated?: —smoking cessation
—managing chronic health conditions
—regular eye exams
—amsler grid
—vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors
—laser therapy to stop leaking vessels
1. What are the manifestations of open angle glaucoma?: --gradual loss ofperipheral vision
(tunnel vision)
--blurry vision
--halos around lights
--increased IOP >21
2. what are the manifestations of angle closure glaucoma?: --sudden onset ofvision
disturbances
--severe eye pain
--severe N/V
--blurred vision
--halo vision
3. What is used to diagnosed glaucoma?: tonometry to asses IOP
4. What is the treatment for glaucoma?: Eye drops and monitoring IOP.Treatment is lifelong
(no cure).
5. Timolol: --decreases the volume of aqueous humor created by the eye(treats glaucoma)
--can be absorbed systemically and cause bronchoconstriction & hypoglycemia
--can potentiate systemic effects of oral beta-blockers (bradycardia & hypotension)
6. What is the patho for retinal detachment?: occurs when retinal tissue in theposterior of th
eye pulls away or detaches from it normal position
7. What are the manifestations of retinal detachment?: --sensation of a shadeor curtain
coming across the vision of one eye
--bright flashing lights
--sudden onset of floaters
--blurry/distorted vision
8. What are the treatments for retinal detachment?: --scleral buckle
--pars plana vitrectomy and pneumatic retinopexy (inserting a gas bubble into thevitreous
chamber)
9. List postop care for retinal detachment.: --eye shield nightly for 1 week
--eye drops (anti-inflammatories and antibiotics)
--lie face down for up to 3 months following surgery
, --avoid putting stuff in eye for 1 week
--avoid lifting over 15lbs for 3 months
--do not drive for 2 weeks
10. What is the distinguishing manifestations of glaucoma?: diminished periph-eral vision
11. what is the distinguishing manifestation of AMD?: blind spots in the centerof the field of
vision
12. what is the distinguishing manifestation of cataracts?: blurry or hazy vision
13. what is the distinguishing manifestation of retinal detachment?: seeingfloating dark spots
moving through all vision fields (ATI)
14. What is the patho of dry AMD?: The slow breakdown of the outer layer of theretina
(macula) with the appearance of drusen (clusters of debris/waste materials)that causes a
gradual blurring of vision
15. What is the patho of wet AMD?: The proliferation of abnormal blood vessels growing
under the retina (macula); vessels leak fluid & blood that elevate the retina
16. Which comes first, Wet or Dry AMD?: Dry AMD
17. What are the manifestations of AMD?: —gradual blurring of vision
—diminished central vision
—impaired night vision
—distorted vision
18. Which AMD progresses more rapidly? (Wet or Dry): Wet AMD progresses more rapidly
and causes sudden blurred vision or blind spots in the center of thevisual field
19. What is used to diagnose AMD?: Fluorescein angiography
20. Name dietary modifications to treat AMD and their food sources.: —increaseintake of
antioxidants (lutein and zeaxanthin), zinc, and omega 3 fatty acids
—Foods high in antioxidants: carrots and spinach
—Foods high in zinc: red meats and dairy
—Foods high in omega 3: fish
21. How is AMD treated?: —smoking cessation
—managing chronic health conditions
—regular eye exams
—amsler grid
—vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors
—laser therapy to stop leaking vessels
