INMT 341 - Final Exam Questions and
Answers
Black hole - Answer-No process can have only inputs.
If an object has only inputs, then it must be a sink
If an object has only outputs - Answer-it must be a source
If an object has only inputs - Answer-it must be a sink
Context Diagram - Answer-The least detailed level of data flow diagramming
The diagram shows only the major information flows between the system and the external parties that
interact with the system
Outside sources/systems/agents - Answer-You can tell something or someone is an outside source
because you do not know details about how the data you receive was created
Decomposition - Answer-When you take the processes shown on a DFD and divide each into more
detailed (sub)processes, this is referred to as decomposition
Balancing - Answer-When you balance a DFD it means you preserve the inputs and outputs of a parent
DFD at the next level of decomposition
,Flowcharts - Answer-Flowcharts focus on the physical aspects of information flows, files, sources,
destinations and processes
Systems flowcharts - Answer-They show the entire system configuration, including the data inputs, data
outputs, and processes of a system, and the relationships between system inputs, processes and
outputs
Document flowcharts - Answer-Focuses on the creation, flow, and destinations of documents and
information within a system
Program flowcharts - Answer-Show the logic and processing steps of a computer program or code
Paper Documents (Rectangle with Squiggly bottom) - Answer-The document symbol is used for all types
of paper source documents that are processed by the system (e.g. checks, invoices, ledgers, journals,
and reports)
Input/Output symbol (Paralellogram) - Answer-The Input/Output symbol is typically used to display
records and master files on a program logic flowchart. It is also used to denote records and files
(journals and ledgers) in a manual flowchart
Manual Process Symbol (Trapezoid) - Answer-The manual-process symbol indicates a manual operation
(such as completing forms or verifying amounts).
Paper documents are a common input to the manual process and paper documents are common
outputs from the process.
Machine-processing symbol (Rectangle) - Answer-This typically denotes a computer application (such as
an order entry program or an invoicing program).
,Manual system off-line storage symbol (Upside Down Triangle) - Answer-A manual system off-line
storage symbol represents any storage of paper documents (e.g., file cabinet, safe, or shelves)
Computer-storage (Cylinder) - Answer-Computer-storage5: Direct storage (Disk). A file label is included
on the symbol.
Terminal or System Exit/Entry - Answer-This symbol is used to indicate the beginning, or ending point of
the process represented on a flowchart.
It is also used to display system entry or exit of data
On-Page Connector (Small Circle) - Answer-On-page connectors tell the user where to go next when the
flow continues on the same page
Off Page Connector (Weird Upside Down Triangle Like Shape) - Answer-Off page connectors are used to
connect multiple pages of a document flowchart.
Shown within the off page connector symbol is the page number that the flow continues to (or from
which the flow came) and a connector number
Annotation - Answer-This symbol is used to include important supplementary information or
explanations that are difficult to describe graphically within the flowchart itself
Decision points (Diamond Shape) - Answer-A decision symbol would display the decision, and a
description of the decision would appear in the symbol (e.g. "Is the document complete?"). Two labeled
flow lines would exit from the decision symbol to illustrate the indicated course of action
GRC -Governance, Risk and Compliance - Answer-GRC refers to a strategy for managing an
organization's overall Governance, enterprise Risk management and Compliance with regulations
, Benefits of GRC - Answer-A well-planned GRC strategy comes with lots of benefits: improved decision-
making, more optimal IT investments, elimination of silos, and reduced fragmentation among divisions
and departments
Governance - Answer-The processes that ensure the effective and efficient use of IT in enabling an
organization to achieve its goals
Risk - Answer-Making sure that any risk (or opportunity) associated with organizational activities is
identified and addressed in a way that supports the organization's business goals
Compliance - Answer-Making sure that IT systems, and the data contained in those systems, are used
and secured properly
IT Governance helps you assess whether your organization is: - Answer-•Aligning IT with the enterprise
and realizing promised benefits
•Using IT to exploit opportunities and maximize benefits
•Using IT resources responsibly
•Managing IT risks
•Recognizing opportunities and acting upon them
IT governance framework - Answer-Describes the leadership, organizational structures, and processes
that ensure IT sustains and extends organizational strategies and objectives
IT governance framework - Answer-1. ITIL 4
2. ISO:IEC 38500:20015
3. COBIT 2019
ITIL Framework - Answer-ITIL - Information Technology Infrastructure Library
Answers
Black hole - Answer-No process can have only inputs.
If an object has only inputs, then it must be a sink
If an object has only outputs - Answer-it must be a source
If an object has only inputs - Answer-it must be a sink
Context Diagram - Answer-The least detailed level of data flow diagramming
The diagram shows only the major information flows between the system and the external parties that
interact with the system
Outside sources/systems/agents - Answer-You can tell something or someone is an outside source
because you do not know details about how the data you receive was created
Decomposition - Answer-When you take the processes shown on a DFD and divide each into more
detailed (sub)processes, this is referred to as decomposition
Balancing - Answer-When you balance a DFD it means you preserve the inputs and outputs of a parent
DFD at the next level of decomposition
,Flowcharts - Answer-Flowcharts focus on the physical aspects of information flows, files, sources,
destinations and processes
Systems flowcharts - Answer-They show the entire system configuration, including the data inputs, data
outputs, and processes of a system, and the relationships between system inputs, processes and
outputs
Document flowcharts - Answer-Focuses on the creation, flow, and destinations of documents and
information within a system
Program flowcharts - Answer-Show the logic and processing steps of a computer program or code
Paper Documents (Rectangle with Squiggly bottom) - Answer-The document symbol is used for all types
of paper source documents that are processed by the system (e.g. checks, invoices, ledgers, journals,
and reports)
Input/Output symbol (Paralellogram) - Answer-The Input/Output symbol is typically used to display
records and master files on a program logic flowchart. It is also used to denote records and files
(journals and ledgers) in a manual flowchart
Manual Process Symbol (Trapezoid) - Answer-The manual-process symbol indicates a manual operation
(such as completing forms or verifying amounts).
Paper documents are a common input to the manual process and paper documents are common
outputs from the process.
Machine-processing symbol (Rectangle) - Answer-This typically denotes a computer application (such as
an order entry program or an invoicing program).
,Manual system off-line storage symbol (Upside Down Triangle) - Answer-A manual system off-line
storage symbol represents any storage of paper documents (e.g., file cabinet, safe, or shelves)
Computer-storage (Cylinder) - Answer-Computer-storage5: Direct storage (Disk). A file label is included
on the symbol.
Terminal or System Exit/Entry - Answer-This symbol is used to indicate the beginning, or ending point of
the process represented on a flowchart.
It is also used to display system entry or exit of data
On-Page Connector (Small Circle) - Answer-On-page connectors tell the user where to go next when the
flow continues on the same page
Off Page Connector (Weird Upside Down Triangle Like Shape) - Answer-Off page connectors are used to
connect multiple pages of a document flowchart.
Shown within the off page connector symbol is the page number that the flow continues to (or from
which the flow came) and a connector number
Annotation - Answer-This symbol is used to include important supplementary information or
explanations that are difficult to describe graphically within the flowchart itself
Decision points (Diamond Shape) - Answer-A decision symbol would display the decision, and a
description of the decision would appear in the symbol (e.g. "Is the document complete?"). Two labeled
flow lines would exit from the decision symbol to illustrate the indicated course of action
GRC -Governance, Risk and Compliance - Answer-GRC refers to a strategy for managing an
organization's overall Governance, enterprise Risk management and Compliance with regulations
, Benefits of GRC - Answer-A well-planned GRC strategy comes with lots of benefits: improved decision-
making, more optimal IT investments, elimination of silos, and reduced fragmentation among divisions
and departments
Governance - Answer-The processes that ensure the effective and efficient use of IT in enabling an
organization to achieve its goals
Risk - Answer-Making sure that any risk (or opportunity) associated with organizational activities is
identified and addressed in a way that supports the organization's business goals
Compliance - Answer-Making sure that IT systems, and the data contained in those systems, are used
and secured properly
IT Governance helps you assess whether your organization is: - Answer-•Aligning IT with the enterprise
and realizing promised benefits
•Using IT to exploit opportunities and maximize benefits
•Using IT resources responsibly
•Managing IT risks
•Recognizing opportunities and acting upon them
IT governance framework - Answer-Describes the leadership, organizational structures, and processes
that ensure IT sustains and extends organizational strategies and objectives
IT governance framework - Answer-1. ITIL 4
2. ISO:IEC 38500:20015
3. COBIT 2019
ITIL Framework - Answer-ITIL - Information Technology Infrastructure Library
