Online Instructor’s Manual with Testbank
for
Legal Research, Analysis, and Writing
Sixth Edition
Joanne B. Hames
De Anza College
Yvonne Ekern
Santa Clara University Law School
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto
Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
1
, ISBN-13:o o 978-0-13-455984-1
ISBN-10: 0-13-455984-3
TableooofooContent
s
ToootheooInstructor iv
Syllabi ix
Chapteroo1:ooIntroductionootoooLegalooResearch,ooWritingooandooAnalysis 1
Chapteroo2:ooTheooStartingooPoint:ooAnalyzingooFactsooandooIdentifyingooLegalooIssues 7
Chapteroo3:ooFindingooandooAnalyzingooCaseooLaw 12
Chapteroo4:ooHowootoooReadooandooSummarizeooaooCaseooLawooDecision 20
Chapteroo5:ooConstitutions,ooStatutes,ooandooAdministrativeooRegulations 27
Chapteroo6:ooStatutoryooandooConstitutionalooAnalysis 40
Chapteroo7:ooSecondaryooSources 48
Chapteroo8:ooDigests 58
Chapteroo9:ooValidatingooYourooResearch:ooUsingooShepards,ooKeyciteooandoootherooCitators 65
Chapteroo10:ooIntroductionootoooLexisooAdvance,ooWestlaw,oo&ooBloombergooLaw 75
Chapteroo11:ooComputer-
AssistedooLegalooResearchoo(CALR):ooTheooFreelyooAccessibleooInterneto o 81ooChapteroo12:o
oBasicooLegalooWritingooTools 86
Chapteroo13:ooTheooMemorandumooofooLaw:ooPredictiveooLegalooWriting 90
Chapteroo14:ooWritingootoootheooCourt:ooPersuasiveooWriting 95
Chapteroo15:ooMotionooPractice:ooResearchooandooWritingooIssues 100
Chapteroo16:ooLegalooCorrespondence 104
2
,Testbank 123
3
, ToootheooInstructor
TheooSixthooEditionooofooLegalooResearch,ooAnalysis,ooandooWriting
WhenooweoofirstoowroteooLegalooResearch,ooAnalysis,ooandooWriting,ooweoowereooconvincedoothatoo
studentsooneededooaootextoothatoointegratedooresearch,ooanalysis,ooandoowritingooskills.ooWeooremain
ooconvincedooofoothat;ootherefore,ooouroobasicooapproachootoootheoosubjectoomatteroohasoonotoochang
ed.ooHowever,oolegalooresearchoomaterialsooandootheoomethodsooofoodoingoolegalooresearchoohaveooc
hangedooconsiderablyoooverootheoopastooseveralooyears.ooTheooavailabilityooofoolegalooresourcesoothr
oughootheooInternetoohasootremendousooinfluenceooonootheoowayooresearchooisooconducted.ooNooolong
erooareooresearchersooconfinedootoooaoolawoolibrary.ooTheoowidespreadoouseooofooallooformsooofoocom
puterooassistedoolegalooresearchoorequiresoothatoolegalooresearchersoodevelopoonewooskills.
However,ootheoolawoohasoonotooabandonedootheoowrittenoowordooand,ooasooanyooexperiencedooresear
cherooknows,oobooksooareoooftenoopreferred.ooTheoonewooskillsoothatooresearchersoomustoodevelop,oo
therefore,oocannotoosupplantootraditionalooresearchooskills,oobutoomustoocomplementoothem.ooAsooaoo
result,oomostoochaptersoonowoocontainooaoosectionooincorporatingootheooavailabilityooofoolegalooresea
rchoomaterialsooonootheoofreeooInternet.o o WeoocontinueootooohaveooaoochapteroointroducingooWesttla
w,ooLexisooAdvance,ooandooBloombergooLaw,ooasoowellooasooanoooverviewoochapterooonooInternetoor
esearch.o o Weoohaveooalsooorefinedootheoouseooofoosampleoopagesoofromooprintooresources.o o Sinceoo
legaloowritingoocontinuesootooobeooaoosourceooofooconcern,ooweoohaveooaddedooaoosectionootoooeachooc
hapterooprovidngooaooshortoowritingooexerciseoowithoosuggestedoosampleooanswersoofoundooinooanoo
Appendixootoootheootext.
PracticalooApproach
Thisootextooassistsootheooinstructorooinoopresentingoomaterialooinooaoopracticalooandoor
elevantooway.ooEachoochapterooopensoowithooaooshortoomemorandumooFromootheoo
DeskooofooW.ooJ.
Bryan,ooEsq.,oothatoocontainsooaoohypotheticaloofactualoosituationootooobeooresear
chedooandooanalyzedoobyooaoofictionalooresearchooassociate.ooTheoomemorandum
ooapproachoohelpsootooointroduceootheootopicooofootheoochapterooandootoooengageo
otheoostudent’sooimagination.ooEachoochapteroocontainsoofiguresoowithoosampleoo
pagesoofromooprintooresources,ooscreenooshotsoofromooonlineoosources,ooorooexam
plesooofoolegaloowritingoosoooasootoooillustrateootextoomaterial.
Oneoofeatureooatootheooendooofootheoochapter,ooCanooYouooFigureooItooOut?,oorequir
esoostudentsootoooanswerooquestionsoorelatedootoootheseoofigures.ooFurthermore,oobec
auseoolearningootooodooolegalooresearchoorequiresoohands-
onooexperience,ooatootheooendooofooeachoochapterooareooresearch,ooanalysis,oocitation
,ooandoowritingooexercises.ooResearchooassignmentsoocanoobeooperformed
inooaoolibraryooor,ooinoomanyoocases,ooonline.oo(Answersootooomostooofootheseooe
xercisesooareoofoundooinooanooInstructor’sooManual.)ooSooothatoostudentsoocanoob
uildooconfidenceoopriorootooousingooaoolibraryooorooonlineooresource,ooexercisesoo
areoofoundooinooaoochapterooendoofeature,ooTestooYourself.ooAnswersootoooselecte
dooresearchooproblemsooareoofoundooinooAppendixooGootoootheootext.
Eachoochapterooalsoooaddressesooimportantoowritingooissuesooinooend-of-
chapteroofeatures.ooTestooYourselfooalsooocontainsooaoosectionooentitledoo“Wri
teooItooRight.”ooHere
4
for
Legal Research, Analysis, and Writing
Sixth Edition
Joanne B. Hames
De Anza College
Yvonne Ekern
Santa Clara University Law School
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto
Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
1
, ISBN-13:o o 978-0-13-455984-1
ISBN-10: 0-13-455984-3
TableooofooContent
s
ToootheooInstructor iv
Syllabi ix
Chapteroo1:ooIntroductionootoooLegalooResearch,ooWritingooandooAnalysis 1
Chapteroo2:ooTheooStartingooPoint:ooAnalyzingooFactsooandooIdentifyingooLegalooIssues 7
Chapteroo3:ooFindingooandooAnalyzingooCaseooLaw 12
Chapteroo4:ooHowootoooReadooandooSummarizeooaooCaseooLawooDecision 20
Chapteroo5:ooConstitutions,ooStatutes,ooandooAdministrativeooRegulations 27
Chapteroo6:ooStatutoryooandooConstitutionalooAnalysis 40
Chapteroo7:ooSecondaryooSources 48
Chapteroo8:ooDigests 58
Chapteroo9:ooValidatingooYourooResearch:ooUsingooShepards,ooKeyciteooandoootherooCitators 65
Chapteroo10:ooIntroductionootoooLexisooAdvance,ooWestlaw,oo&ooBloombergooLaw 75
Chapteroo11:ooComputer-
AssistedooLegalooResearchoo(CALR):ooTheooFreelyooAccessibleooInterneto o 81ooChapteroo12:o
oBasicooLegalooWritingooTools 86
Chapteroo13:ooTheooMemorandumooofooLaw:ooPredictiveooLegalooWriting 90
Chapteroo14:ooWritingootoootheooCourt:ooPersuasiveooWriting 95
Chapteroo15:ooMotionooPractice:ooResearchooandooWritingooIssues 100
Chapteroo16:ooLegalooCorrespondence 104
2
,Testbank 123
3
, ToootheooInstructor
TheooSixthooEditionooofooLegalooResearch,ooAnalysis,ooandooWriting
WhenooweoofirstoowroteooLegalooResearch,ooAnalysis,ooandooWriting,ooweoowereooconvincedoothatoo
studentsooneededooaootextoothatoointegratedooresearch,ooanalysis,ooandoowritingooskills.ooWeooremain
ooconvincedooofoothat;ootherefore,ooouroobasicooapproachootoootheoosubjectoomatteroohasoonotoochang
ed.ooHowever,oolegalooresearchoomaterialsooandootheoomethodsooofoodoingoolegalooresearchoohaveooc
hangedooconsiderablyoooverootheoopastooseveralooyears.ooTheooavailabilityooofoolegalooresourcesoothr
oughootheooInternetoohasootremendousooinfluenceooonootheoowayooresearchooisooconducted.ooNooolong
erooareooresearchersooconfinedootoooaoolawoolibrary.ooTheoowidespreadoouseooofooallooformsooofoocom
puterooassistedoolegalooresearchoorequiresoothatoolegalooresearchersoodevelopoonewooskills.
However,ootheoolawoohasoonotooabandonedootheoowrittenoowordooand,ooasooanyooexperiencedooresear
cherooknows,oobooksooareoooftenoopreferred.ooTheoonewooskillsoothatooresearchersoomustoodevelop,oo
therefore,oocannotoosupplantootraditionalooresearchooskills,oobutoomustoocomplementoothem.ooAsooaoo
result,oomostoochaptersoonowoocontainooaoosectionooincorporatingootheooavailabilityooofoolegalooresea
rchoomaterialsooonootheoofreeooInternet.o o WeoocontinueootooohaveooaoochapteroointroducingooWesttla
w,ooLexisooAdvance,ooandooBloombergooLaw,ooasoowellooasooanoooverviewoochapterooonooInternetoor
esearch.o o Weoohaveooalsooorefinedootheoouseooofoosampleoopagesoofromooprintooresources.o o Sinceoo
legaloowritingoocontinuesootooobeooaoosourceooofooconcern,ooweoohaveooaddedooaoosectionootoooeachooc
hapterooprovidngooaooshortoowritingooexerciseoowithoosuggestedoosampleooanswersoofoundooinooanoo
Appendixootoootheootext.
PracticalooApproach
Thisootextooassistsootheooinstructorooinoopresentingoomaterialooinooaoopracticalooandoor
elevantooway.ooEachoochapterooopensoowithooaooshortoomemorandumooFromootheoo
DeskooofooW.ooJ.
Bryan,ooEsq.,oothatoocontainsooaoohypotheticaloofactualoosituationootooobeooresear
chedooandooanalyzedoobyooaoofictionalooresearchooassociate.ooTheoomemorandum
ooapproachoohelpsootooointroduceootheootopicooofootheoochapterooandootoooengageo
otheoostudent’sooimagination.ooEachoochapteroocontainsoofiguresoowithoosampleoo
pagesoofromooprintooresources,ooscreenooshotsoofromooonlineoosources,ooorooexam
plesooofoolegaloowritingoosoooasootoooillustrateootextoomaterial.
Oneoofeatureooatootheooendooofootheoochapter,ooCanooYouooFigureooItooOut?,oorequir
esoostudentsootoooanswerooquestionsoorelatedootoootheseoofigures.ooFurthermore,oobec
auseoolearningootooodooolegalooresearchoorequiresoohands-
onooexperience,ooatootheooendooofooeachoochapterooareooresearch,ooanalysis,oocitation
,ooandoowritingooexercises.ooResearchooassignmentsoocanoobeooperformed
inooaoolibraryooor,ooinoomanyoocases,ooonline.oo(Answersootooomostooofootheseooe
xercisesooareoofoundooinooanooInstructor’sooManual.)ooSooothatoostudentsoocanoob
uildooconfidenceoopriorootooousingooaoolibraryooorooonlineooresource,ooexercisesoo
areoofoundooinooaoochapterooendoofeature,ooTestooYourself.ooAnswersootoooselecte
dooresearchooproblemsooareoofoundooinooAppendixooGootoootheootext.
Eachoochapterooalsoooaddressesooimportantoowritingooissuesooinooend-of-
chapteroofeatures.ooTestooYourselfooalsooocontainsooaoosectionooentitledoo“Wri
teooItooRight.”ooHere
4
