Lab 23 Organization of the Nervous
System with Complete Solutions
axolemma - ANSWER-the exposed part of the membrane of an axon permits a nerve
impulse to arc rapidly from node to node.
axon hillock - ANSWER-the narrow part of the cell body
cell body - ANSWER-Largest part of a typical neuron; contains the nucleus and much of
the cytoplasm (soma).
Clinical challenge- How would an injury to the afferent neurons in the left leg affect the
victims sensory and motor functions? - ANSWER-The afferent neurons would not be
able to send somatic sensory information (pain, temp, touch, etc) coming from the leg to
the central nervous system. So the central nervous system would not be able to make
appropriate responses to sensory information and send commands back to the muscles
and the glands. So the victim may have trouble moving or feeling their leg.
collateral branches - ANSWER-the divisions of the axon. they subdivide further into
telodendria
Compare the CNS and the PNS - ANSWER-CNS- Brain and Spinal Cord, PNS is a
system of nerves that connects the outlying parts of the body with the central nervous
system. The PNS is responsible for providing the CNS with information concerning
changes both inside the body and in the surrounding environment. Sensory information
is sent along PNS nerves that join the CNS either in the spinal cord or the brain. The
CNS evaluates the sensory data and determines whether muscle and gland activities
should be modified in response to changes.
dendrite - ANSWER-the branching extensions of neurons that carry electrical signals to
the cell body; the receptive portion of the nerve.
Describe the microscopic appearance of of an astrocyte - ANSWER-hold neurons in
place and isolate one neuron from another. They wrap rootlike extensions around blood
vessels, creating blood brain barrier that prevents certain materials from passing out of
the blood and into nerve cells.
List six types of glial cells and indicates which are found in the CNS and which are
found in the PNS. - ANSWER-CNS- ependymal cells
astrocytes cells
oligodendrocytes cells
microglia cells
PNS- Satellite cells
Schwann cells
System with Complete Solutions
axolemma - ANSWER-the exposed part of the membrane of an axon permits a nerve
impulse to arc rapidly from node to node.
axon hillock - ANSWER-the narrow part of the cell body
cell body - ANSWER-Largest part of a typical neuron; contains the nucleus and much of
the cytoplasm (soma).
Clinical challenge- How would an injury to the afferent neurons in the left leg affect the
victims sensory and motor functions? - ANSWER-The afferent neurons would not be
able to send somatic sensory information (pain, temp, touch, etc) coming from the leg to
the central nervous system. So the central nervous system would not be able to make
appropriate responses to sensory information and send commands back to the muscles
and the glands. So the victim may have trouble moving or feeling their leg.
collateral branches - ANSWER-the divisions of the axon. they subdivide further into
telodendria
Compare the CNS and the PNS - ANSWER-CNS- Brain and Spinal Cord, PNS is a
system of nerves that connects the outlying parts of the body with the central nervous
system. The PNS is responsible for providing the CNS with information concerning
changes both inside the body and in the surrounding environment. Sensory information
is sent along PNS nerves that join the CNS either in the spinal cord or the brain. The
CNS evaluates the sensory data and determines whether muscle and gland activities
should be modified in response to changes.
dendrite - ANSWER-the branching extensions of neurons that carry electrical signals to
the cell body; the receptive portion of the nerve.
Describe the microscopic appearance of of an astrocyte - ANSWER-hold neurons in
place and isolate one neuron from another. They wrap rootlike extensions around blood
vessels, creating blood brain barrier that prevents certain materials from passing out of
the blood and into nerve cells.
List six types of glial cells and indicates which are found in the CNS and which are
found in the PNS. - ANSWER-CNS- ependymal cells
astrocytes cells
oligodendrocytes cells
microglia cells
PNS- Satellite cells
Schwann cells
