PNUR104 Term Test 3
Average daily output for adult - ✔️✔️1500mL (depends on input)
Urine output <30mL/hr - ✔️✔️minimal competency of heart and kidney function
Bladder norm - ✔️✔️400-600mL
Frequency norm - ✔️✔️5-7x/day
pH norm urine - ✔️✔️4-5-8; acidic <4.5; alkaline >8
Glucose norm urine - ✔️✔️Negative; if present may be a sign of diabetes
Blood norm urine - ✔️✔️Negative; if present may be a sign of UTI, kidney disease or
bleeding
Polyuria - ✔️✔️Increased amount of urine output
oliguria - ✔️✔️Decreased amount of urine output
Frequency - ✔️✔️Increased voiding
nocturia - ✔️✔️urination at night
Urgency - ✔️✔️Must void immediately
Dysuria - ✔️✔️painful urination
Enuresis - ✔️✔️Involuntary voiding
Anura - ✔️✔️Absent of no urine output
Urinary incontinence - ✔️✔️Involuntary leakage of urine or loss of bladder control
Neurogenic bladder - ✔️✔️Patient does not know that the bladder is full and is unable
to control urination
, Lack of rest - ✔️✔️Irritability, depression, fatigue and poor emotional control
lack of sleep - ✔️✔️Low physical endurance, fatigue, irritability, depression and apathy
Functions of sleep - ✔️✔️- critical for normal development, health function and healing
- restores normal levels of activity
- optimal immune function
- necessary for protein synthesis used in repair
NREM - ✔️✔️- deep sleep
- 3 stages
NREM stage 1 - ✔️✔️- lasts a few mins
- HR and RR decrease lightly
- easy to wake up
NREM stage 2 - ✔️✔️- BP and T lowers, slight decrease on pulse and RR
- 10-15 mins, about 44-55% of sleep
NREM stage 3 - ✔️✔️- deepest stage and difficult to arouse
- snoring
- Essential for healing
- decreased pulse and RR; skeletal muscles are relaxed
REM sleep - ✔️✔️- dreaming occurs
- difficult to arouse
- psychological healing
Sleep norm - ✔️✔️7-9 hours (adults and older)
Insomnia - ✔️✔️Trouble falling or staying asleep
Hypersomnia - ✔️✔️Fatigue even with sufficient amount of sleep
Narcolepsy - ✔️✔️Sleep attacks or excessive day-time sleepiness
Functions of the skin include: - ✔️✔️- protects underlying tissue
- regulated body temp
- sebum prevents heat and water loss from the skin and also kills bacteria
- transmits sensations
- produces and absorbs vitamin D
Average daily output for adult - ✔️✔️1500mL (depends on input)
Urine output <30mL/hr - ✔️✔️minimal competency of heart and kidney function
Bladder norm - ✔️✔️400-600mL
Frequency norm - ✔️✔️5-7x/day
pH norm urine - ✔️✔️4-5-8; acidic <4.5; alkaline >8
Glucose norm urine - ✔️✔️Negative; if present may be a sign of diabetes
Blood norm urine - ✔️✔️Negative; if present may be a sign of UTI, kidney disease or
bleeding
Polyuria - ✔️✔️Increased amount of urine output
oliguria - ✔️✔️Decreased amount of urine output
Frequency - ✔️✔️Increased voiding
nocturia - ✔️✔️urination at night
Urgency - ✔️✔️Must void immediately
Dysuria - ✔️✔️painful urination
Enuresis - ✔️✔️Involuntary voiding
Anura - ✔️✔️Absent of no urine output
Urinary incontinence - ✔️✔️Involuntary leakage of urine or loss of bladder control
Neurogenic bladder - ✔️✔️Patient does not know that the bladder is full and is unable
to control urination
, Lack of rest - ✔️✔️Irritability, depression, fatigue and poor emotional control
lack of sleep - ✔️✔️Low physical endurance, fatigue, irritability, depression and apathy
Functions of sleep - ✔️✔️- critical for normal development, health function and healing
- restores normal levels of activity
- optimal immune function
- necessary for protein synthesis used in repair
NREM - ✔️✔️- deep sleep
- 3 stages
NREM stage 1 - ✔️✔️- lasts a few mins
- HR and RR decrease lightly
- easy to wake up
NREM stage 2 - ✔️✔️- BP and T lowers, slight decrease on pulse and RR
- 10-15 mins, about 44-55% of sleep
NREM stage 3 - ✔️✔️- deepest stage and difficult to arouse
- snoring
- Essential for healing
- decreased pulse and RR; skeletal muscles are relaxed
REM sleep - ✔️✔️- dreaming occurs
- difficult to arouse
- psychological healing
Sleep norm - ✔️✔️7-9 hours (adults and older)
Insomnia - ✔️✔️Trouble falling or staying asleep
Hypersomnia - ✔️✔️Fatigue even with sufficient amount of sleep
Narcolepsy - ✔️✔️Sleep attacks or excessive day-time sleepiness
Functions of the skin include: - ✔️✔️- protects underlying tissue
- regulated body temp
- sebum prevents heat and water loss from the skin and also kills bacteria
- transmits sensations
- produces and absorbs vitamin D
