Consumerism - ✔️✔️The steady acquisition of material possessions, often with the
belief that happiness and fulfillment can thus be achieved.
Culture Jamming - ✔️✔️It is part of a larger movement to promote anti-consumerism.
Socialization - ✔️✔️The process by which individuals internalize the values, beliefs,
and norms of a given society and learn to function as members of that society.
Self, Looking Glass Self Theory - Charles Horton Cooley - ✔️✔️The self emerges from
our ability to assume the POV of others and thereby imagine how they see us.
I, Me, Other - ✔️✔️George Herbert Mead
I - ✔️✔️one's sense of agency, action, or power
Me - ✔️✔️the self as a distinct object to be perceived by the "I"
Other - ✔️✔️the someone or something outside of oneself
Generalized Other - ✔️✔️It is an internalized sense of the total expectations of others
in a variety of settings - regardless of whether we've encountered those place or people
before.
Agents of Socialization - ✔️✔️family, school, peers, media
Accomplishment of Natural Growth - Annette Lareau - ✔️✔️Working class and poor
parents focus on the "accomplishment of growth." They give their children the room and
resources to develop but leave it up to the kids to decide how they want to structure
their free time.
Dramaturgical Theory - Erving Goffman - ✔️✔️It proposed the view of social life as
essentially a theatrical performance, in which we are all actors on metaphorical stages,
with roles, scripts, costumes, and sets.
Ethnomethodology - Harold Garfinkel - ✔️✔️The approach to studying human
interaction focuses on the ways in which we make sense of our world, convey this
understanding to others, and produce a shared social order ("the methods of the
people").
, Breaching Experiments - ✔️✔️Garfinkel would send students into the social world to
see what happened when they breached social norms.
Post-Modernism Theory - ✔️✔️A condition characterized by a questioning of the notion
of progress and history, the replacement of narrative within pastiche, and multiple,
perhaps even conflicting, identities resulting from disjointed affiliations.
Quantitative methods - ✔️✔️To obtain information about the social world that is already
in or can be converted to numeric form. Scientists are able to state with some certainty
that one condition causes another.
Qualitative methods - ✔️✔️To collect information about the social world that cannot be
readily converted to numeric form. Scientists describe social processes in such detail to
rule out competing possibilities.
Deductive approach - ✔️✔️It starts with a theory, forms a hypothesis, makes empirical
observations, and then analyzes the data to confirm, reject, or modify the original
theory.
Inductive approach - ✔️✔️It starts with empirical observations and tries to form a
theory.
Causality - ✔️✔️The notion that a change in one factor results in a corresponding
change in another.
Correlation - ✔️✔️Simultaneous variation in two variables.
Dependent variable - ✔️✔️The outcome that the researcher is trying to explain.
Independent variable - ✔️✔️A measured factor that may have a casual impact on the
dependent variable.
Hypothesis - ✔️✔️A proposed relationship between two variables, usually with a stated
direction.
Hypothesis testing - ✔️✔️Must assign dependent and independent variables, make
research question, make casual story of why you would expect your hypothesis to be
true and one for the alternative hypothesis.
Culture - ✔️✔️The sum of the social categories and concepts we embrace. That which
is not the natural environment us.