TEST BANK FOR PEDIATRIC PHYSICAL EXAMINATION ANILLUST RATED HANDBOOK 3RDEDITION DUDERSTA

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TEST BANK FOR PEDIATRIC PHY
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SICAL EXAMINATION AN ILLUST
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RATED HANDBOOK 3RDEDITIO
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N DUDERSTADT v




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Pediatric Physical Examination 3rd Edition Duderstadt TESTBANK
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Chapterv1:vApproachvtovCarevandvAssessmentvofvChildrenvandvAdolescents

MULTIPLEvCHOICE

1. Avnursevisvreviewingvdevelopmentalvconceptsvforvinfantsvandvchildren.vWhichvstatementvbestvd
escribesvdevelopmentvinvinfantsvandvchildren?

a. Development,vavpredictablevandvorderlyvprocess,voccursvatvvaryingvratesvwithinv
normalvlimits.

b. Developmentvisvprimarilyvrelatedvtovthevgrowthvinvthevnumbervandvsizevofvcells.

c. Developmentvoccursvinvavproximodistalvdirectionvwithvfinevmusclevdevelopmentv
occurringvfirst.
d. Developmentvisvmoreveasilyvandvaccuratelyvmeasuredvthanvgrowth.


ANS:vA

Development,vavcontinuousvorderlyvprocess,vprovidesvthevbasisvforvincreasesvinvthevchildsvfunctio
nvandvcomplexityvofvbehavior.vThevincreasesvinvratevofvfunctionvandvcomplexityvcanvvaryvnormally
withinvlimitsvforveachvchild.vAnvincreasevinvthevnumbervandvsizevofvcellsvisvavdefinitionvforvgrowth.
v


Developmentvproceedsvinvavproximodistalvdirectionvwithvfinevmusclevorganizationvoccurringvasva
v


resultvofvlargevmusclevorganization.vDevelopmentvisvavmorevcomplexvprocessvthatvisvaffectedvbyv
v


manyvfactors;vtherefore,vitvisvlessveasilyvandvaccuratelyvmeasured.vGrowthvisvavpredictablevprocess
withvstandardvmeasurementvmethods.
v




2. Frequentvdevelopmentalvassessmentsvarevimportantvforvwhichvreason?

a. Stablevdevelopmentalvperiodsvduringvinfancyvprovidevanvopportunityvtovidentifyv
anyvdelaysvorvdeficits.

b. Infantsvneedvstimulationvspecificvtovthevstagevofvdevelopment.

c. Criticalvperiodsvofvdevelopmentvoccurvduringvchildhood.

d. Childvdevelopmentvisvunpredictablevandvneedsvmonitoring.




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ANS:vC

Criticalvperiodsvarevblocksvofvtimevduringvwhichvchildrenvarevreadyvtovmastervspecificvdevelopment
alvtasks.vChildrenvcanvmastervthesevtasksvmoreveasilyvduringvparticularvperiodsvofvtimevinvtheirvgrow
thvandvdevelopmentalvprocess.vInfancyvisvavdynamicvtimevofvdevelopmentvthatvrequiresvfrequentvev
aluationsvtovassessvappropriatevdevelopmentalvprogress.vInfantsvinvavnurturingvenvironmentvwillvdev
elopvappropriatelyvandvwillvnotvnecessarilyvneedvstimulationvspecificvtovtheirvdevelopmentalvstage.v
Normalvgrowthvandvdevelopmentvarevorderlyvandvproceedvinvavpredictablevpatternvonvthevbasisvofvea
chvindividualsvabilitiesvandvpotentials.

3. Whichvfactorvhasvthevgreatestvinfluencevonvchildvgrowthvandvdevelopment?

a. Culture

b. Environment

c. Genetics

d. Nutrition


ANS:vC

Geneticvfactorsv(heredity)vdetermineveachvindividualsvgrowthvandvdevelopmentalvrate.vAlthoughvfa
ctorsvsuchvasvenvironment,vculture,vnutrition,vandvfamilyvcanvinfluencevgeneticvtraits,vtheyvdovnotvel
iminatevtheveffectvofvthevgeneticvendowment,vwhichvisvpermanent.vCulturevisvavsignificantvfactorvtha
tvinfluencesvhowvchildrenvgrowvtowardvadulthood.vCulturevinfluencesvbothvgrowthvandvdevelopme
ntvbutvdoesvnotveliminatevinbornvgeneticvinfluences.vEnvironmentvhasvavsignificantvrolevinvdetermini
ngvgrowthvandvdevelopmentvbothvbeforevandvaftervbirth.vThevenvironmentvcanvinfluencevhowvandvto
whichvextentvgeneticvtraitsvarevmanifested,vbutvenvironmentalvfactorsvcannotveliminatevtheveffectvofv
v


genetics.vNutritionvisvcriticalvforvgrowthvandvplaysvavsignificantvrolevthroughoutvchildhood.

4. Avnursevisvplanningvavteachingvsessionvwithvavchild.vAccordingvtovPiagetianvtheory,vthevperiodvo
fvcognitivevdevelopmentv invwhichvthevchildv isvablevtovdistinguishv factv fromv fantasyvisvthevperiodvo
fvcognitivevdevelopment.

a. sensorimotor




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