as as as as as as as as
/ Already Graded A+ as as as
Organizationas-ascorrectasanswers-
aascollectionasofaspeopleasworkingastogetherastoasachieveasaascommonaspurpose
Hawthorneas"initialasstudyas-ascorrectasanswers-
soughtastoasdetermineashowaseconomicasincentivesasandasphysicalasconditionsasofastheasworkplaceasaffectedasth
easoutputasofasworkers.asInitialasfocusaswasasonastheaslevelasofasilluminationasinastheasmanufacturingasfacilities
TheoryasXas-ascorrectasanswers-
assumesaspeopleasdislikeaswork,aslackasambition,asactasirresponsibility,asandaspreferastoasbeasled
TheoryasYas-ascorrectasanswers-assumesaspeopleasareaswillingastoaswork,aslikeasresponsibility,asandasareasself-
directedasandascreative
Positiveasreinforcementas-ascorrectasanswers-
involvesasgivingasaasrewardaswhenasdesiredasbehaviorasoccurs,asinasorderastoasincreaseastheaslikelihoodasthatasthe
asbehavioraswillasbeasrepeated
Threeascomponentsasofasperceptualasprocessas-ascorrectasanswers-Sensation,asattention,asperception
Sixasfactorsasthatasaffectastheasattentionasprocessas-ascorrectasanswers-
size,asintensity,asfrequency,ascontrast,asmotion,asnovelty
Perceptualasorganizationas-ascorrectasanswers-
theasprocessasofasgroupingasenvironmentalasstimuliasintoasrecognizableaspatterns
Principlesastoasorganizeassensationsas-ascorrectasanswers-Figure-ground,assimilarity,asproximity,asclosure
Figure-groundas-ascorrectasanswers-peopleastendastoasperceiveasobjectsasthatasstandasagainstasaasbackground
Similarityas-ascorrectasanswers-
stimuliasthatashaveasaascommonasphysicalastraitsasareasmoreaslikelyastoasbeasgroupedastogetherasthanasthoseasthat
asdoasnot.
Proximityas-ascorrectasanswers-
stimuliasthatasoccurasinastheassameasproximity,aseitherasinasspaceasorasinastime,asareasofternasassociated
Closureas-ascorrectasanswers-
mostasstimuliasisasperceivedasincomplete,asweasnaturallyastendastoasextrapolateasinformationasandasprojectasadd
itionalasinformationastoasformasaascompleteaspicture
Haloaseffectas-ascorrectasanswers-
perceptualaserrorasinaswhichasindividualsasallowasoneascharacteristicasaboutasaaspersonastoasinfluenceasthieraseva
luationasofasotheraspersonalityascharacteristics
, Primaryaseffectas-ascorrectasanswers-
theastendencyasforasfirstasimpressionsasandasearlyasinformationastoasundullyasinfluenceasourasevaluationsasandasj
udgment
Projectionas-ascorrectasanswers-
aasformasofasperceptualasbiasasinaswhichasweasprojectasourasownaspersonalasfeelingsasandasattitudesasontoasothers
asasasaasmeansasofashelpingasusasinterpretastheirasattitudesasandasfeelings
Selectiveasperceptionas-ascorrectasanswers-
aassourceasofasperceptualaserrorsascausedasbyaspeopleaschoosingastoasperceiveasonlyastheasinformationasthatasthe
yasfindasacceptable
Stereotypingas-ascorrectasanswers-
theasprocessasofasusingasaasfewasattributesasaboutasanasobjectastoasclassifyasitasandasthenasrespondingastoasitasasasaas
memberasofasaascategoryasratherasthanasasasaasuniqueasobject
Discriminationasandasprejudiceas-ascorrectasanswers-
unreasonableasbiasasassociatedaswithassuspicion,asintolerance,asorasanasirrationalasdislikeasforaspeopleasofasaaspar
ticularasrace,asreligion,asorassex
Self-fullingasprophecyas-ascorrectasanswers-
aasphenomenonasthatasoccursaswhenasaaspersonasactsasinasaaswayasthatasconfirmsasanother'sasexpectations
Fouraselementsasexplainingastheasself-fullingasprophecyas-ascorrectasanswers-
input,asoutputasexpected,asreinforcement,asfeedback
Personalityas-ascorrectasanswers-
theasattributesasandaspredispositionasassociatedaswithaseachasindividualasthatasmakeasthataspersonasuniqueasan
daspredictashowasthataspersonaswillaslikelyasbehaveasinasmanyasdifferentassituations
AttributionasTheoryas-ascorrectasanswers-
explainsashowasweasassignasresponsibilityasforasbehavioraseitherastoaspersonalityascharacteristicsasorasenvironm
entalascircumstances
FiveasPersonaltyasDimensionsas(BigasFiveasModel)as-ascorrectasanswers-
Conscientiousness,asagreebleness,asemotionalasstability,asopennessastoasexperience,asextroversion/introversi
on
Conscientiousnessas-ascorrectasanswers-
theasdegreeastoaswhichasanasindividualasisasdependableasorasinconsistent,ascanasbeascountedasonasorasisasunreliabl
e,asfollowsasthroughasonascommitmentsasorasreneges,asandaskeepsaspromisesasorasbreaksasthem
Agreeablenessas-ascorrectasanswers-
measuresastheasdegreeastoaswhichaspeopleasareasfriendlyasorasreserved,ascooperativeasorasguarded,asflexibleasoras
inflexible,astrustingasorascautious,asgood-naturedasorasmoody,assoft-
heartedasorastoughasandastolerantasorasjudgmental
Emotionalasstabilityas-ascorrectasanswers-
characterizesastheasdegreeastoaswhichaspeopleasareasconsistentasorasinconsistentasinashowastheyasreactastoascertai