AACN PCCN Exam Review-Multisystem.
Normal inflammatory response - > vasodilatation, increased microvascular permeability,
cellular activation and release of mediators, and coagulation
Define sepsis - > systemic response to infection, manifested by two or more conditions
resulting from infection (temp >38C, HR >90 bpm, RR >20 bpm, PaCO2 <32 mmHg,
WBC >12, <4)
Define septic shock - > sepsis with hypotension, despite adequate fluid resuscitation,
along with presence of perfusion abnormalities including lactic acidosis, oliguria, acute
AMS
Risk factors for sepsis - > malnutrition, immunosuppression, prolonged antibiotic use,
invasive devices
Define MODS - > multiple organ dysfunction, worsening progression of systemic
inflammatory response (SIRS) involving signs of organ dysfunction
Management of sepsis - > treat cause (antibiotics), maximize oxygen, maximize CO
(difficult bc pathological problem of SIRS is increased permeability of capillary bed -
liberal fluid admin), decrease oxygen demand (reduce tachycardia, tachypnea,
hyperthermia, pain, prevent shivering, comfort measures)
What is NOT an accurate measurement of adequate perfusion - > BLOOD PRESSURE,
adequate pressure does not always equal adequate perfusion
Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal - > insomnia, tremors, anxiety, GI upset, HA, sweating,
palpitations, hallucinations, seizures, fever, agitation
How is isopropyl alcohol intoxication distinguished from other types of alcohol intoxication
- > presence of ketoacids in urine and serum
Which imbalance is seen in methanol intoxication and relieved by hyperventilation - >
metabolic acidosis (decreased bicarbonate level)
Normal inflammatory response - > vasodilatation, increased microvascular permeability,
cellular activation and release of mediators, and coagulation
Define sepsis - > systemic response to infection, manifested by two or more conditions
resulting from infection (temp >38C, HR >90 bpm, RR >20 bpm, PaCO2 <32 mmHg,
WBC >12, <4)
Define septic shock - > sepsis with hypotension, despite adequate fluid resuscitation,
along with presence of perfusion abnormalities including lactic acidosis, oliguria, acute
AMS
Risk factors for sepsis - > malnutrition, immunosuppression, prolonged antibiotic use,
invasive devices
Define MODS - > multiple organ dysfunction, worsening progression of systemic
inflammatory response (SIRS) involving signs of organ dysfunction
Management of sepsis - > treat cause (antibiotics), maximize oxygen, maximize CO
(difficult bc pathological problem of SIRS is increased permeability of capillary bed -
liberal fluid admin), decrease oxygen demand (reduce tachycardia, tachypnea,
hyperthermia, pain, prevent shivering, comfort measures)
What is NOT an accurate measurement of adequate perfusion - > BLOOD PRESSURE,
adequate pressure does not always equal adequate perfusion
Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal - > insomnia, tremors, anxiety, GI upset, HA, sweating,
palpitations, hallucinations, seizures, fever, agitation
How is isopropyl alcohol intoxication distinguished from other types of alcohol intoxication
- > presence of ketoacids in urine and serum
Which imbalance is seen in methanol intoxication and relieved by hyperventilation - >
metabolic acidosis (decreased bicarbonate level)
