QAL Plant Agriculture New Exam Questions And
Correct Answers 100% Verified
Organophosphates ANSWER some of the most acutely toxic chemicals, many
formulations are absorbed through the skin, lungs, or digestive tract, they interfere with
animal and human nervous systems similar to carbamates, they break down rapidly,
common formulations include malathion, diazinon, chlorpyrifos
Tungsten Carbide and Ceramic Nozzles - ANSWER very resistant to abrasion and
corrosion, for high-pressure and abrasive sprays, ceramic nozzles are relatively
inexpensive and durable
Flat-Fan Nozzles they produce a pattern with more spray droplets in the center of the
fan the pattern tapers off at each end, allows you to evenly space a series of flat-fan
nozzles on a boom allowing an overlap of the spray pattern of each nozzle, allows for
nearly uniform deposits between nozzles, used for herbicides, fungicides, and
insecticides
Offset Flat-Fan Nozzles ANSWER produce a spray pattern that is more to one side of the
nozzle than the other, offset nozzles are used on orchard and vineyard soils where
herbicides are applied on both sides of the plant row the nozzles are mounted at the end
of the boom keeping herbicides farther from the tree or vine
Low-Pressure Flat-Fan Nozzles - ANSWER fewer problems with drift because of the
larger droplet size at a lower pressure, contact and coverage may be limited as a result
Even Flat-Fan Nozzles - ANSWER similar to flat-fan nozzles except there is no tapering at
the ends, use when applying separate bands of spray that should not overlap
Cone Nozzles - ANSWER used for applying insecticides and fungicides to dense foliage,
produces a spray in either a hollow or solid cone pattern, use hollow cone for most
applications, use solid cone if you need larger, heavier droplets to reduce drift or if you
need greater volume
, Cone Nozzles - DISC-CORE Nozzles a form of cone nozzle; in air blast sprayers for high
pressure and high-flow rate applications of insecticides and fungicides; core produces
high rotation speed of liquid into whirl chamber. Combinations of discs and cores allow
wide range of volume output and droplet size
No Observable Effect Level (NOEL) - ANSWER the maximum dose level of a pesticide
that produces no noticeable toxic effect on test animals
Threshold Limit Value (TLV) - ANSWER a chemical's airborne concentration in parts per
million that produces no adverse affects over time
Organochlorine ANSWER one of the original synthetic pesticides, used for mites and
insects, some highly poisonous to mammals, breaks down slowly, most early
formulations now banned: DDT, chlordane, toxaphene, dieldrin
Solid Stream Nozzles - ANSWER produces a single solid stream of pesticide used in
hand spray guns for spraying distant objects, suitable for crack and crevice treatments
in and around buildings and for banding fluids in row crops
Flooding Nozzles - ANSWER produces a relatively wide fan angle, used to apply large
volumes of liquid at low pressure, commonly used for liquid fertilizers, rarely used for
pesticide applications because it is usually unnecessary to apply a large volume of
liquid
Carbamates - ANSWER synthetic organic pesticides, they break down rapidly, they
impair nerve function, they are highly toxic to mammals but does not build up in tissue,
common formulations include carbaryl, methomyl, metam-sodium, metam-potassium
Triazines IMPORTANT herbicide to control broadleaves and grasses, used both as a
preemergent and postemergent, inhibit photosynthesis, persist in soil, move with water
and are frequently detected in waterways, toxic to mammals and fish, common
formulations include: atrazine, simazine, prometryn
Neonicotinoids - ANSWER insecticide that mimics the efforts of nicotine, disrupts the
central nervous system causing paralysis and death, less toxic to mammals than
organophosphates and carbamates, harmful to bees
Correct Answers 100% Verified
Organophosphates ANSWER some of the most acutely toxic chemicals, many
formulations are absorbed through the skin, lungs, or digestive tract, they interfere with
animal and human nervous systems similar to carbamates, they break down rapidly,
common formulations include malathion, diazinon, chlorpyrifos
Tungsten Carbide and Ceramic Nozzles - ANSWER very resistant to abrasion and
corrosion, for high-pressure and abrasive sprays, ceramic nozzles are relatively
inexpensive and durable
Flat-Fan Nozzles they produce a pattern with more spray droplets in the center of the
fan the pattern tapers off at each end, allows you to evenly space a series of flat-fan
nozzles on a boom allowing an overlap of the spray pattern of each nozzle, allows for
nearly uniform deposits between nozzles, used for herbicides, fungicides, and
insecticides
Offset Flat-Fan Nozzles ANSWER produce a spray pattern that is more to one side of the
nozzle than the other, offset nozzles are used on orchard and vineyard soils where
herbicides are applied on both sides of the plant row the nozzles are mounted at the end
of the boom keeping herbicides farther from the tree or vine
Low-Pressure Flat-Fan Nozzles - ANSWER fewer problems with drift because of the
larger droplet size at a lower pressure, contact and coverage may be limited as a result
Even Flat-Fan Nozzles - ANSWER similar to flat-fan nozzles except there is no tapering at
the ends, use when applying separate bands of spray that should not overlap
Cone Nozzles - ANSWER used for applying insecticides and fungicides to dense foliage,
produces a spray in either a hollow or solid cone pattern, use hollow cone for most
applications, use solid cone if you need larger, heavier droplets to reduce drift or if you
need greater volume
, Cone Nozzles - DISC-CORE Nozzles a form of cone nozzle; in air blast sprayers for high
pressure and high-flow rate applications of insecticides and fungicides; core produces
high rotation speed of liquid into whirl chamber. Combinations of discs and cores allow
wide range of volume output and droplet size
No Observable Effect Level (NOEL) - ANSWER the maximum dose level of a pesticide
that produces no noticeable toxic effect on test animals
Threshold Limit Value (TLV) - ANSWER a chemical's airborne concentration in parts per
million that produces no adverse affects over time
Organochlorine ANSWER one of the original synthetic pesticides, used for mites and
insects, some highly poisonous to mammals, breaks down slowly, most early
formulations now banned: DDT, chlordane, toxaphene, dieldrin
Solid Stream Nozzles - ANSWER produces a single solid stream of pesticide used in
hand spray guns for spraying distant objects, suitable for crack and crevice treatments
in and around buildings and for banding fluids in row crops
Flooding Nozzles - ANSWER produces a relatively wide fan angle, used to apply large
volumes of liquid at low pressure, commonly used for liquid fertilizers, rarely used for
pesticide applications because it is usually unnecessary to apply a large volume of
liquid
Carbamates - ANSWER synthetic organic pesticides, they break down rapidly, they
impair nerve function, they are highly toxic to mammals but does not build up in tissue,
common formulations include carbaryl, methomyl, metam-sodium, metam-potassium
Triazines IMPORTANT herbicide to control broadleaves and grasses, used both as a
preemergent and postemergent, inhibit photosynthesis, persist in soil, move with water
and are frequently detected in waterways, toxic to mammals and fish, common
formulations include: atrazine, simazine, prometryn
Neonicotinoids - ANSWER insecticide that mimics the efforts of nicotine, disrupts the
central nervous system causing paralysis and death, less toxic to mammals than
organophosphates and carbamates, harmful to bees
