14th Global Edition By Richard C. Dorf
Chapters 1 - 13, Complete
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1. Introduction to Control Systems ........................................................ 1
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2. Mathematical Models of Systems .................................................... 20
N H N H N H
3. State Variable Models....................................................................... 79
N H N H
4. Feedback Control System Characteristics....................................... 126
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5. The Performance of Feedback Control Systems ......................... 166
N H N H N H N H N H
6. The Stability of Linear Feedback Systems ................................ 216
N H N H N H N H N H
7. The Root Locus Method .............................................................. 257
N H N H N H
8. Frequency Response Methods......................................................... 359
N H N H
9. Stability in the Frequency Domain .............................................. 420
N H N H N H N H
10. The Design of Feedback Control Systems.................................. 492
N H N H N H N H N H
11. The Design of State Variable Feedback Systems...................... 574
N H N H N H N H N H N H
12. Robust Control Systems ................................................................. 633
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13. Digital Control Systems ................................................................. 691
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N H P NHNH T N H E NHNH R
1
Introduction to Control Systems N H N H N H
There are, in general, no unique solutions to the following exercises a
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nd problems. Other equally valid block diagrams may be submitted by
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the student. NH
Exercises
E1.1 A microprocessor controlled laser system:
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Error CurrentNHi(t)
Desired Power
N H pow
erN H ou
- out
tput
Measured
N H powe
r
E1.2 A driver controlled cruise control system:
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Controller
FootNHpedal
Desired Car anNH
Actual
Driver
N H spe
ed
- d Engi
NH
autoN H s
peed
Measurement ne
Speedometer
VisualNHindicationofNHspee
d
E1.3 N H N Although the principle of conservation of momentum explains m
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uch of the process of fly-
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casting, there does not exist a comprehensive scientific explanation of ho
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w a fly-fisher uses the small backward and forward mo-
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N tion of the fly rod to cast an almost weightless fly lure long dista
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nces (the NH
1
, 2 CHAPTER 1 NH N H N H Introduction to Control Systems NH NH NH
current world- NH
record is 236 ft). The fly lure is attached to a short invisible leader ab
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out 15- NH
ft long, which is in turn attached to a longer and thicker Dacron line. T
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he objective is cast the fly lure to a distant spot with dead-
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eye accuracy so that the thicker part of the line touches the water fir
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st and then the fly gently settles on the water just as an insect might.
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Wind
Controller
Mind and NH NH
Actual
of
NH - body of th NH NH
NH NH ca N H posit
ionN H o
fly e fly-
NH
st fNHtheNHfl
fisher y
Measurement
NH of
VisualNHindicatio NH
nN H ofNHtheNHpos
itionNHofN H theNHf
ly
E1.4 An autofocus camera control system:
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One-wayNHtripNHtimeNHforNHtheNHbeam
ConversionNHfactorN
NH 1 H (speedNHofNH lightNH
or
sound)
Emitter/
DistanceNHtoNHsubject
N H
Lens