Neuroanatomy summary 2
1: Skull, meninges and vasculature 3
The skull 3
The meninges 6
Blood supply of the brain 8
CSF 9
2: Cranial nerves and brainstem 12
Nerve 1: olfactory (I) 12
Nerve 2: optic (II) 12
Nerve 3: oculomotor (III) 13
Nerve 4: trochlear (IV) 13
Nerve 5: trigeminal (V) 13
Nerve 6: abducens (VI) 13
Nerve 7: facial (VII) 13
Nerve 8: vestibulocochlear (VIII) 14
Nerve 9: glossopharyngeal (IX) 14
Nerve 10: vagus (X) 14
Nerve 11: accessory (XI) 14
Nerve 12: hypoglossal (XII) 14
The brainstem 14
3: Spinal cord and spinal nerves 16
Internal anatomy of the spinal cord 16
Vertebrae 17
exam questions: 19
4: Somatosensory and autonomic systems 20
Posterior column-medial lemniscus system 20
Anterolateral system 21
Trigeminal system 22
5: Cerebral cortex and motor systems 23
Frontal lobe 23
Temporal lobe 24
The parietal lobe 24
The occipital lobe 25
Primary functional parts 25
Layers of the cortex 26
exam questions: 27
6: Thalamus 28
Thalamic nuclei 29
Thalamocortical interactions 31
exam questions: 31
7: Basal ganglia 32
, Anatomy of the basal ganglia 32
Functions of the basal ganglia 34
Internal capsule 35
exam questions: 35
8: Cerebellum 36
Organization of the cerebellum 36
Cerebral peduncles 38
Cortical layers 40
exam questions: 40
9: Hippocampus 42
exam questions: 43
10: Amygdala 45
exam questions: 46
Practical guide PART 2 47
Major fiber systems in the telencephalon 48
Practical guide PART 3 49
The visual pathway 49
Overview of lesions in the visual pathway 50
Practical guide PART 4 51
Practical guide ATLAS 52
,Neuroanatomy summary
curvature’s effect:
ventral means toward the base or bottom of the brain
dorsal means toward the top or surface of the brain
TEL DIE MES(sen) MET MY
- tel+die = prosencephalon, forebrain
- mes = midbrain
- met+mye = rhombencephalon, hindbrain
, 1: Skull, meninges and vasculature
The skull
the brain is embedded with 3 cranial fossa:
- anterior
- middle
- posterior
sphenoid ridges = divide anterior and middle cranial fossa
petrous ridges of temporal bone = separate the middle and posterior ridges
1: Skull, meninges and vasculature 3
The skull 3
The meninges 6
Blood supply of the brain 8
CSF 9
2: Cranial nerves and brainstem 12
Nerve 1: olfactory (I) 12
Nerve 2: optic (II) 12
Nerve 3: oculomotor (III) 13
Nerve 4: trochlear (IV) 13
Nerve 5: trigeminal (V) 13
Nerve 6: abducens (VI) 13
Nerve 7: facial (VII) 13
Nerve 8: vestibulocochlear (VIII) 14
Nerve 9: glossopharyngeal (IX) 14
Nerve 10: vagus (X) 14
Nerve 11: accessory (XI) 14
Nerve 12: hypoglossal (XII) 14
The brainstem 14
3: Spinal cord and spinal nerves 16
Internal anatomy of the spinal cord 16
Vertebrae 17
exam questions: 19
4: Somatosensory and autonomic systems 20
Posterior column-medial lemniscus system 20
Anterolateral system 21
Trigeminal system 22
5: Cerebral cortex and motor systems 23
Frontal lobe 23
Temporal lobe 24
The parietal lobe 24
The occipital lobe 25
Primary functional parts 25
Layers of the cortex 26
exam questions: 27
6: Thalamus 28
Thalamic nuclei 29
Thalamocortical interactions 31
exam questions: 31
7: Basal ganglia 32
, Anatomy of the basal ganglia 32
Functions of the basal ganglia 34
Internal capsule 35
exam questions: 35
8: Cerebellum 36
Organization of the cerebellum 36
Cerebral peduncles 38
Cortical layers 40
exam questions: 40
9: Hippocampus 42
exam questions: 43
10: Amygdala 45
exam questions: 46
Practical guide PART 2 47
Major fiber systems in the telencephalon 48
Practical guide PART 3 49
The visual pathway 49
Overview of lesions in the visual pathway 50
Practical guide PART 4 51
Practical guide ATLAS 52
,Neuroanatomy summary
curvature’s effect:
ventral means toward the base or bottom of the brain
dorsal means toward the top or surface of the brain
TEL DIE MES(sen) MET MY
- tel+die = prosencephalon, forebrain
- mes = midbrain
- met+mye = rhombencephalon, hindbrain
, 1: Skull, meninges and vasculature
The skull
the brain is embedded with 3 cranial fossa:
- anterior
- middle
- posterior
sphenoid ridges = divide anterior and middle cranial fossa
petrous ridges of temporal bone = separate the middle and posterior ridges
