ATI MEDSURG FINAL EXAM/ UPDATED 2024 WITH
400 QUESTIONS FROM PAST ACTUAL EXAMS AND
100% CORRECT ANSWERS ( A+ GRADE )
The nurse is collecting data from a client who has a history of benign prostatic
hyperplasia. To determine whether the client currently is experiencing this condition, the
nurse should ask the client about the presence of which early symptom?
a. nocturia
b. urinary retention
c. urge incontinence
d. decreased force in the stream of urine - CORRECT ANSWERS-decreased force in
the stream of urine
The nurse monitoring a client receiving peritoneal dialysis notes that client's outflow is
less than in the inflow. Which actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
a. check the level of the drainage bag
b. repositiion the client to his or her side.
c. contact the health care provider (HCP)
d. place the client in good body alignment
e. check the pertoneal dialysis system for kinks
f. increase the flow rate of the peritoneal dialysis solution - CORRECT ANSWERS-
check the level of the drainage bag
reposition the client to his or her side
place the client in good body alignment
check the peritoneal dialysis for kinks
A client with chronic kidney disease returns to the nursing unit following a hemodialysis
treatment. On assessment, the nurse notes that the client's temperature is 100.2F.
Which nursing action is most appropriate?
a. encourage fluids
b. notify the health care provider
c. continue to monitor vitals signs
d. monitor the site of the shunt for infection - CORRECT ANSWERS-continue to monitor
vital signs
A client newly diagnosed with chronic kidney disease has just been started on
peritoneal dialysis. During the infusion of the dialysis, the client complains of abdominal
pain. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
a. stop the dialysis
b. slow the infusion
c. decrease the amount to be infused
d. explain that the pain will subside after the first few exchanges - CORRECT
ANSWERS-explain that the pain will subside after the first few exchanges
,The nurse is instructing a client with diabetes mellitus about peritoneal dialysis. The
nurse tells the client that it is important to maintain the prescribed dwell time for the
dialysis because of the risk for which complication?
a. infection
b. hyperglycemia
c. hypophosphatemia
d. disquilitium syndrome - CORRECT ANSWERS-hyperglycemia
the client newly diagnosed with chronic kidney disease recently has begun
hemodialysis. Knowing that the client is at risk for diequilibrium syndrome, the nurse
should asess the client during dialysis for which associated manifestations?
a. hypertension, tachycarda, and fever
b. hypotension, bradycardia, and hypothermia
c. restlessness, irritability, and generalized weakness
d. headache, deteriotating level of conscious and twitching - CORRECT ANSWERS-
headache, deteriotating level of conscious and twitching
A client comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit. During the interview, the client states,
"Sometimes when I have to urinate, I can't control it and do not reach the bathroom in
time." The nurse suspects that the client is experiencing which type of incontinence?
a) Urge
b) Functional
c) Overflow
d) Stress - CORRECT ANSWERS-Urge
A client has a full bladder. Which sound would the nurse expect to hear on percussion?
a) Tympany
b) Flatness
c) Resonance
d) Dullness - CORRECT ANSWERS-Dullness
After having transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), a client returns to the unit
with a three-way indwelling urinary catheter and continuous closed bladder irrigation.
Which finding suggests that the client's catheter is occluded?
a) The normal saline irrigant is infusing at a rate of 50 drops/minute.
b) The urine in the drainage bag appears red to pink.
c) About 1,000 ml of irrigant have been instilled; 1,200 ml of drainage have been
returned.
d) The client reports bladder spasms and the urge to void. - CORRECT ANSWERS-
The client reports bladder spasms and the urge to void.
The nurse observes a client's uric acid level of 9.3 mg/dL. When teaching the client
about ways to decrease the uric acid level, which diet would the nurse suggest?
, a) A diet high in calcium
b) A diet high in fruits and vegetables
c) A low-sodium diet
d) A low-purine diet - CORRECT ANSWERS-a low-purine diet
Which of the following is used to decrease potassium level seen in acute renal failure?
a) Kayexalate
b) Calcium supplements
c) IV dextrose 50%
d) Sorbitol - CORRECT ANSWERS-Kayexalate
A female patient presents to the health clinical for a routine physical examination. The
nurse observes that the patient's urine is bright yellow in color. Which of the following
questions is most appropriate for the nurse to ask the patient?
a) "Have you had a recent urinary tract infection?"
b) "Have you noticed any vaginal bleeding?"
c) "Do you take phenytoin (Dilantin) daily?"
d) "Do you take multiple vitamin preparations?" - CORRECT ANSWERS-"Do you take
multiple vitamin preparations?"
A client comes to the emergency department complaining of moderate to severe
testicular pain and tenderness. Both testicles are swollen and a penile discharge is
present. The client is diagnosed with viral orchitis. Which of the following would the
nurse include in this client's plan of care?
a) Administering prescribed antibiotics
b) Keeping the scrotum in a dependent position
c) Aplying ice to the scrotum
d) Preparing the client for incision and drainage - CORRECT ANSWERS-Applying ice
to the scrotum
A client comes to the emergency department complaining of severe pain in the right
flank, nausea, and vomiting. The physician tentatively diagnoses right ureterolithiasis
(renal calculi). When planning this client's care, the nurse should assign the highest
priority to which nursing diagnosis?
a) Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements
b) Risk for infection
c) Acute pain
d) Impaired urinary elimination - CORRECT ANSWERS-Acute pain
A 32-year-old client has a history of neurogenic bladder and presents with fever,
burning, and suprapubic pain. What would you suspect is the problem?
400 QUESTIONS FROM PAST ACTUAL EXAMS AND
100% CORRECT ANSWERS ( A+ GRADE )
The nurse is collecting data from a client who has a history of benign prostatic
hyperplasia. To determine whether the client currently is experiencing this condition, the
nurse should ask the client about the presence of which early symptom?
a. nocturia
b. urinary retention
c. urge incontinence
d. decreased force in the stream of urine - CORRECT ANSWERS-decreased force in
the stream of urine
The nurse monitoring a client receiving peritoneal dialysis notes that client's outflow is
less than in the inflow. Which actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
a. check the level of the drainage bag
b. repositiion the client to his or her side.
c. contact the health care provider (HCP)
d. place the client in good body alignment
e. check the pertoneal dialysis system for kinks
f. increase the flow rate of the peritoneal dialysis solution - CORRECT ANSWERS-
check the level of the drainage bag
reposition the client to his or her side
place the client in good body alignment
check the peritoneal dialysis for kinks
A client with chronic kidney disease returns to the nursing unit following a hemodialysis
treatment. On assessment, the nurse notes that the client's temperature is 100.2F.
Which nursing action is most appropriate?
a. encourage fluids
b. notify the health care provider
c. continue to monitor vitals signs
d. monitor the site of the shunt for infection - CORRECT ANSWERS-continue to monitor
vital signs
A client newly diagnosed with chronic kidney disease has just been started on
peritoneal dialysis. During the infusion of the dialysis, the client complains of abdominal
pain. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?
a. stop the dialysis
b. slow the infusion
c. decrease the amount to be infused
d. explain that the pain will subside after the first few exchanges - CORRECT
ANSWERS-explain that the pain will subside after the first few exchanges
,The nurse is instructing a client with diabetes mellitus about peritoneal dialysis. The
nurse tells the client that it is important to maintain the prescribed dwell time for the
dialysis because of the risk for which complication?
a. infection
b. hyperglycemia
c. hypophosphatemia
d. disquilitium syndrome - CORRECT ANSWERS-hyperglycemia
the client newly diagnosed with chronic kidney disease recently has begun
hemodialysis. Knowing that the client is at risk for diequilibrium syndrome, the nurse
should asess the client during dialysis for which associated manifestations?
a. hypertension, tachycarda, and fever
b. hypotension, bradycardia, and hypothermia
c. restlessness, irritability, and generalized weakness
d. headache, deteriotating level of conscious and twitching - CORRECT ANSWERS-
headache, deteriotating level of conscious and twitching
A client comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit. During the interview, the client states,
"Sometimes when I have to urinate, I can't control it and do not reach the bathroom in
time." The nurse suspects that the client is experiencing which type of incontinence?
a) Urge
b) Functional
c) Overflow
d) Stress - CORRECT ANSWERS-Urge
A client has a full bladder. Which sound would the nurse expect to hear on percussion?
a) Tympany
b) Flatness
c) Resonance
d) Dullness - CORRECT ANSWERS-Dullness
After having transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), a client returns to the unit
with a three-way indwelling urinary catheter and continuous closed bladder irrigation.
Which finding suggests that the client's catheter is occluded?
a) The normal saline irrigant is infusing at a rate of 50 drops/minute.
b) The urine in the drainage bag appears red to pink.
c) About 1,000 ml of irrigant have been instilled; 1,200 ml of drainage have been
returned.
d) The client reports bladder spasms and the urge to void. - CORRECT ANSWERS-
The client reports bladder spasms and the urge to void.
The nurse observes a client's uric acid level of 9.3 mg/dL. When teaching the client
about ways to decrease the uric acid level, which diet would the nurse suggest?
, a) A diet high in calcium
b) A diet high in fruits and vegetables
c) A low-sodium diet
d) A low-purine diet - CORRECT ANSWERS-a low-purine diet
Which of the following is used to decrease potassium level seen in acute renal failure?
a) Kayexalate
b) Calcium supplements
c) IV dextrose 50%
d) Sorbitol - CORRECT ANSWERS-Kayexalate
A female patient presents to the health clinical for a routine physical examination. The
nurse observes that the patient's urine is bright yellow in color. Which of the following
questions is most appropriate for the nurse to ask the patient?
a) "Have you had a recent urinary tract infection?"
b) "Have you noticed any vaginal bleeding?"
c) "Do you take phenytoin (Dilantin) daily?"
d) "Do you take multiple vitamin preparations?" - CORRECT ANSWERS-"Do you take
multiple vitamin preparations?"
A client comes to the emergency department complaining of moderate to severe
testicular pain and tenderness. Both testicles are swollen and a penile discharge is
present. The client is diagnosed with viral orchitis. Which of the following would the
nurse include in this client's plan of care?
a) Administering prescribed antibiotics
b) Keeping the scrotum in a dependent position
c) Aplying ice to the scrotum
d) Preparing the client for incision and drainage - CORRECT ANSWERS-Applying ice
to the scrotum
A client comes to the emergency department complaining of severe pain in the right
flank, nausea, and vomiting. The physician tentatively diagnoses right ureterolithiasis
(renal calculi). When planning this client's care, the nurse should assign the highest
priority to which nursing diagnosis?
a) Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements
b) Risk for infection
c) Acute pain
d) Impaired urinary elimination - CORRECT ANSWERS-Acute pain
A 32-year-old client has a history of neurogenic bladder and presents with fever,
burning, and suprapubic pain. What would you suspect is the problem?
