AMSCO APUSH Unit 4 UPDATED
Questions and CORRECT Answers
First and Second Great Awakenings - CORRECT ANSWER- The (First) Great Awakening
was strongest during the 1730s and 1740s. This movement was characterized by fervent
expression of religious feelings among masses of people. It had a profound effect on religious
practice, sinners emotionally confessed their guilt and exulted in being "saved". It had a
democratising effect, because people could make their own religious decisions without relying
on higher authorities, such as ministers. Thirty years later, this would lead to challenging the
authority of the king and his royal governors. (p. 49)
The Second Great Awakening began in the early decades of the 19th century. Partly a reaction
against the rationalism of the Enlightenment and the American Revolution. It affected all
sections of the country, but in the northern states it touched off social reform that drove the
reform movements of this period. (p. 207)
market revolution - CORRECT ANSWER- Starting in the early 19th century, this revolution
produced vast economic growth. Farmers fed the workers in the cities, the cities provided farm
families with an array of mass produced goods. (p. 164)
Thomas Jefferson - CORRECT ANSWER- He was George Washington's first secretary of
state. A Democrat-Republican, he was the nation's third president from 1801 to 1809. He
stressed the basic principles of constitutional government and limited central government. He
appeased the Federalists by maintaining the national bank and debt repayment plan of Hamilton,
carried on the neutrality policies of Washington and Adams, reduced the size of the military. He
eliminated some federal jobs, repealed excise taxes, and lowered the national debt. In 1803, he
made the Louisiana Purchase from France. (p. 131)
Battle of New Orleans - CORRECT ANSWER- General Andrew Jackson won this battle in
New Orleans against the British on January 8, 1815. The War of 1812 had officially ended with
the signing of the Treaty of Ghent two weeks earlier, but word had not yet reached the United
States. (p. 141)
Era of Good Feelings - CORRECT ANSWER- Term to describe James Monroe's period as
president (1817-1825). The Democratic-Republicans party dominated politics. On the surface
everything looked fine, however there were conflicts over tariffs, the national bank, internal
improvements, and public land sales. (p. 150)
, Jacksonian Democracy - CORRECT ANSWER- The time period 1829 to 1837 when
Andrew Jackson was president. This era was also known as the Age of the Common Man. The
nation shared a belief in the equality of opportunity for white males, although women and other
races were not included. White men were provided the opportunity to vote, as religious and
property qualifications for voting were omitted. Closed door meetings of political leaders, were
replaced by nominating conventions open to the public. By 1832 every state except South
Carolina allowed voters to choose the state's presidential electors. At the state and local level
more officials were elected rather than appointed. The spoils system, appointing loyal Democrats
to federal jobs, was prominent. (p. 191-193)
American Indian removal - CORRECT ANSWER- President Andrew Jackson supported the
land-hungry citizens who want to take over lands held by the American Indians. In 1830, he
passed the Indian Removal Act, which forced the resettlement o many thousands of American
Indians. By 1835 most of the eastern tribes had reluctantly moved to an area in today's
Oklahoma. (p. 195)
McCulloch v Maryland - CORRECT ANSWER- In 1819 Chief Justice John Marshall ruled
that the state of Maryland could not tax a federal institution, the Second Bank of the United
States. Using a loose interpretation of the Constitution, even though no clause specifically
mentions a national bank, it was ruled that the bank was constitutional. (p. 154)
Romanticism in paintings and literature - romantic movement - CORRECT ANSWER- In
the first half of the 19th century American painters set out to evoke the wonder of the nation's
landscape. The Hudson River School of painters were the most prominent. Noted authors of the
period included Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Washington Irving, and James
Fenimore Cooper. (p. 211)
nullification crisis - CORRECT ANSWER- In 1832, South Carolina passed a resolution
forbidding the collection of tariffs in the state. This was nullifying a federal law at the state level.
President Andrew Jackson threatened use of federal troops against South Carolina and a
compromise was reached. (p. 196)
Marshall Court - CORRECT ANSWER- Chief Justice of the Supreme Court (1801-1835). A
Federalist who favored the central government and the rights of property against advocates of
state's rights. (p. 134, 153)
Questions and CORRECT Answers
First and Second Great Awakenings - CORRECT ANSWER- The (First) Great Awakening
was strongest during the 1730s and 1740s. This movement was characterized by fervent
expression of religious feelings among masses of people. It had a profound effect on religious
practice, sinners emotionally confessed their guilt and exulted in being "saved". It had a
democratising effect, because people could make their own religious decisions without relying
on higher authorities, such as ministers. Thirty years later, this would lead to challenging the
authority of the king and his royal governors. (p. 49)
The Second Great Awakening began in the early decades of the 19th century. Partly a reaction
against the rationalism of the Enlightenment and the American Revolution. It affected all
sections of the country, but in the northern states it touched off social reform that drove the
reform movements of this period. (p. 207)
market revolution - CORRECT ANSWER- Starting in the early 19th century, this revolution
produced vast economic growth. Farmers fed the workers in the cities, the cities provided farm
families with an array of mass produced goods. (p. 164)
Thomas Jefferson - CORRECT ANSWER- He was George Washington's first secretary of
state. A Democrat-Republican, he was the nation's third president from 1801 to 1809. He
stressed the basic principles of constitutional government and limited central government. He
appeased the Federalists by maintaining the national bank and debt repayment plan of Hamilton,
carried on the neutrality policies of Washington and Adams, reduced the size of the military. He
eliminated some federal jobs, repealed excise taxes, and lowered the national debt. In 1803, he
made the Louisiana Purchase from France. (p. 131)
Battle of New Orleans - CORRECT ANSWER- General Andrew Jackson won this battle in
New Orleans against the British on January 8, 1815. The War of 1812 had officially ended with
the signing of the Treaty of Ghent two weeks earlier, but word had not yet reached the United
States. (p. 141)
Era of Good Feelings - CORRECT ANSWER- Term to describe James Monroe's period as
president (1817-1825). The Democratic-Republicans party dominated politics. On the surface
everything looked fine, however there were conflicts over tariffs, the national bank, internal
improvements, and public land sales. (p. 150)
, Jacksonian Democracy - CORRECT ANSWER- The time period 1829 to 1837 when
Andrew Jackson was president. This era was also known as the Age of the Common Man. The
nation shared a belief in the equality of opportunity for white males, although women and other
races were not included. White men were provided the opportunity to vote, as religious and
property qualifications for voting were omitted. Closed door meetings of political leaders, were
replaced by nominating conventions open to the public. By 1832 every state except South
Carolina allowed voters to choose the state's presidential electors. At the state and local level
more officials were elected rather than appointed. The spoils system, appointing loyal Democrats
to federal jobs, was prominent. (p. 191-193)
American Indian removal - CORRECT ANSWER- President Andrew Jackson supported the
land-hungry citizens who want to take over lands held by the American Indians. In 1830, he
passed the Indian Removal Act, which forced the resettlement o many thousands of American
Indians. By 1835 most of the eastern tribes had reluctantly moved to an area in today's
Oklahoma. (p. 195)
McCulloch v Maryland - CORRECT ANSWER- In 1819 Chief Justice John Marshall ruled
that the state of Maryland could not tax a federal institution, the Second Bank of the United
States. Using a loose interpretation of the Constitution, even though no clause specifically
mentions a national bank, it was ruled that the bank was constitutional. (p. 154)
Romanticism in paintings and literature - romantic movement - CORRECT ANSWER- In
the first half of the 19th century American painters set out to evoke the wonder of the nation's
landscape. The Hudson River School of painters were the most prominent. Noted authors of the
period included Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Washington Irving, and James
Fenimore Cooper. (p. 211)
nullification crisis - CORRECT ANSWER- In 1832, South Carolina passed a resolution
forbidding the collection of tariffs in the state. This was nullifying a federal law at the state level.
President Andrew Jackson threatened use of federal troops against South Carolina and a
compromise was reached. (p. 196)
Marshall Court - CORRECT ANSWER- Chief Justice of the Supreme Court (1801-1835). A
Federalist who favored the central government and the rights of property against advocates of
state's rights. (p. 134, 153)
