DCD TEST 2025
Prevalence - ANSWER 1. estimated as many as 6% of children between ages 5
and 11 years
2. males more often affected than females (estimated 2:1 and 7:1)
3. typically, not diagnosed before five years of age
4. A 2008 study indicated a rate of 18/1000 children at a mean age of 7.5 year
old with "strict" criteria
- up to 49/1000 with "probable DCD"
DCD- Etiology and risk factors - ANSWER 1. Prenatal exposure to alcohol
2. pre-term and low birth weight children
3. low SES
DCD diagnostic criteria - ANSWER A. acquisition and execution of
coordinated motor skills is subsequently below the expected of individuals'
chronological age and opportunity for skill learning and use
B. deficits in criterion A significantly and persistently interfere with age-
appropriate ADLs
C. onset of symptoms in early development.
D. Motor skills deficits are not better explained by intellectual disability
DCD: other names - ANSWER 1. clumsy child syndrome
2. clumsiness
3. developmental disorder of motor function
4. ICD- F82 specific developmental disorder of motor function
DCD-signs and symptoms - ANSWER 1. First signs
-feels to reach normal milestones (dressing, walking, etc.)
-a specific area of development delay (not global)
-Motor skills delayed compared to cognition in age
-awkward, slowed, or lack of precise execution of movements
2. impairment of motor coordination
-not from a medical condition or pervasive developmental disorder
3. difficulty with fine and gross motor skills tasks
-forming letters
-tying shoes
-throwing catching balls
, -buttoning
4. social difficulties
5. Academic difficulties
6. classroom signs
-handwriting problems
-disorganized
-decrease your judgment of force/distance
-low tone "slumpy"
-Poor pencil grip
-more!
DCD: complications and prognosis - ANSWER 1. leads to impaired functional
performance of daily activities
2. reduced participation in team play and sports
3. Poor sense of self
4. emotional and behavioral problems
5. impaired academic and vocational achievement (especially, if speed and
accuracy is required)
6. Poor physical fitness
7. reduced physical activities and obesity
8. problems with coordinated movement through adolescence (50-70)
DCD: comorbidities - ANSWER 1. ADHD
2. Autism
3. Speech and language disorders
4. Learning disability
5. Disruptive behavioral disorders
6. Joint hypermobility syndrome
DCD: Intervention - ANSWER 1. Consultation/ recommendation include
-strategies or home accommodations to assist with tasks at home, at school, or
in the community
-modifications to the child's environment
-ways to promote physical activity increased participation
-guidelines on choosing community leisure and sports activities that are
matched to the child's interest and abilities
-assistance for setting appropriate expectations to ensure success
-can use COSA, because they are bright enough to understand questions
Prevalence - ANSWER 1. estimated as many as 6% of children between ages 5
and 11 years
2. males more often affected than females (estimated 2:1 and 7:1)
3. typically, not diagnosed before five years of age
4. A 2008 study indicated a rate of 18/1000 children at a mean age of 7.5 year
old with "strict" criteria
- up to 49/1000 with "probable DCD"
DCD- Etiology and risk factors - ANSWER 1. Prenatal exposure to alcohol
2. pre-term and low birth weight children
3. low SES
DCD diagnostic criteria - ANSWER A. acquisition and execution of
coordinated motor skills is subsequently below the expected of individuals'
chronological age and opportunity for skill learning and use
B. deficits in criterion A significantly and persistently interfere with age-
appropriate ADLs
C. onset of symptoms in early development.
D. Motor skills deficits are not better explained by intellectual disability
DCD: other names - ANSWER 1. clumsy child syndrome
2. clumsiness
3. developmental disorder of motor function
4. ICD- F82 specific developmental disorder of motor function
DCD-signs and symptoms - ANSWER 1. First signs
-feels to reach normal milestones (dressing, walking, etc.)
-a specific area of development delay (not global)
-Motor skills delayed compared to cognition in age
-awkward, slowed, or lack of precise execution of movements
2. impairment of motor coordination
-not from a medical condition or pervasive developmental disorder
3. difficulty with fine and gross motor skills tasks
-forming letters
-tying shoes
-throwing catching balls
, -buttoning
4. social difficulties
5. Academic difficulties
6. classroom signs
-handwriting problems
-disorganized
-decrease your judgment of force/distance
-low tone "slumpy"
-Poor pencil grip
-more!
DCD: complications and prognosis - ANSWER 1. leads to impaired functional
performance of daily activities
2. reduced participation in team play and sports
3. Poor sense of self
4. emotional and behavioral problems
5. impaired academic and vocational achievement (especially, if speed and
accuracy is required)
6. Poor physical fitness
7. reduced physical activities and obesity
8. problems with coordinated movement through adolescence (50-70)
DCD: comorbidities - ANSWER 1. ADHD
2. Autism
3. Speech and language disorders
4. Learning disability
5. Disruptive behavioral disorders
6. Joint hypermobility syndrome
DCD: Intervention - ANSWER 1. Consultation/ recommendation include
-strategies or home accommodations to assist with tasks at home, at school, or
in the community
-modifications to the child's environment
-ways to promote physical activity increased participation
-guidelines on choosing community leisure and sports activities that are
matched to the child's interest and abilities
-assistance for setting appropriate expectations to ensure success
-can use COSA, because they are bright enough to understand questions
