NUR 1400 Fluid, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Imbalances Practice
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Questions with Rationales. 2024-2025 update
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A patient with consistent dietary intake who loses 1 kg of weight in 1 day has lost 500 ml of fluid. TRUE
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OR FALSE - (answer)false 1000
撰写。
A man who weighs 90 kg has a total body water content of approx 60L. TRUE or FALSE - (answer)false, 54
(90kg x 60%)
Major tissue damage that causes release of intracellular electrolytes into extracellular fluid will cause
hypernatremia. TRUE or FALSE - (answer)False hyperkalemia
The primary difference in the electrolyte composition of intravascular fluid and interstitial fluid is the
higher content of protein in plasma. TRUE or FALSE - (answer)True
The different concentrations of sodium and potassium between interstitial fluid and intracellular fluid are
maintained by the sodium-potassium pump. TRUE or FALSE - (answer)True
A cell surrounded by a hypoosmolar fluid will shrink and die as water moves OUT of the cell. TRUE or
FALSE - (answer)False swell and burst
Third spacing refers to the abnormal movement of fluid into interstitial spaces. TRUE or FALSE -
(answer)False spaces that normally have little or no fluid
The primary hypotalamic mechanism of water intake is thirst. TRUE or FALSE - (answer)True
Describe facilitated diffusion - (answer)Uses a carrier molecule
Describe diffusion - (answer)Passive movement of molecules from a high concentration to a lower
concentation
Describe osmotic pressure - (answer)Force determined by osmolality of a fluid
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Describe oncotic pressure - (answer)pressure exerted by proteins
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Active transport requires? - (answer)ATP required
撰写。
Osmosis is a flow of water from ____ solute concentration to ____ solute concentration - (answer)low,
high
Hydrostatic pressure is the - (answer)force exerted by a fluid
Aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal cortex in response to:
A excessive water intake
B loss of serum potassium
C loss of sodium and water
D increased serum osmolality - (answer)C. loss of sodium and water. Rationale: responds to decrease in
plasma volume, serum sodium or renal perfusion
While caring for an 84 year old patient the nurse monitors the patients fluid and electrolyte balance,
recognizing that normal changes of aging are likely to cause.
A. hyperkalemia
B. hyponatremia
C. Decreased insensible fluid loss
D. increased plasma oncotic pressures. - (answer)B. hyponatermia. Rationale: a decrease in renin and
aldosterone and an increase in ADH and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) lead to decreased sodium
reabsorption and increased water retention by the kidney both lead to hyponatremia
A patient at risk for hypernatremia is one who
a. has a deficiency of aldosterone
b. has prolonged vomiting and diarrhea
c. receives excessive 5 % dextrose solution IV
明白了！请告诉我您希望这篇3000字的中文作
Questions with Rationales. 2024-2025 update
文讨论什么主题，例如教育、科技、文化、环
A patient with consistent dietary intake who loses 1 kg of weight in 1 day has lost 500 ml of fluid. TRUE
保，或者其他特定的话题。我会根据您的要求
OR FALSE - (answer)false 1000
撰写。
A man who weighs 90 kg has a total body water content of approx 60L. TRUE or FALSE - (answer)false, 54
(90kg x 60%)
Major tissue damage that causes release of intracellular electrolytes into extracellular fluid will cause
hypernatremia. TRUE or FALSE - (answer)False hyperkalemia
The primary difference in the electrolyte composition of intravascular fluid and interstitial fluid is the
higher content of protein in plasma. TRUE or FALSE - (answer)True
The different concentrations of sodium and potassium between interstitial fluid and intracellular fluid are
maintained by the sodium-potassium pump. TRUE or FALSE - (answer)True
A cell surrounded by a hypoosmolar fluid will shrink and die as water moves OUT of the cell. TRUE or
FALSE - (answer)False swell and burst
Third spacing refers to the abnormal movement of fluid into interstitial spaces. TRUE or FALSE -
(answer)False spaces that normally have little or no fluid
The primary hypotalamic mechanism of water intake is thirst. TRUE or FALSE - (answer)True
Describe facilitated diffusion - (answer)Uses a carrier molecule
Describe diffusion - (answer)Passive movement of molecules from a high concentration to a lower
concentation
Describe osmotic pressure - (answer)Force determined by osmolality of a fluid
, 明白了！请告诉我您希望这篇3000字的中文作
Describe oncotic pressure - (answer)pressure exerted by proteins
文讨论什么主题，例如教育、科技、文化、环
保，或者其他特定的话题。我会根据您的要求
Active transport requires? - (answer)ATP required
撰写。
Osmosis is a flow of water from ____ solute concentration to ____ solute concentration - (answer)low,
high
Hydrostatic pressure is the - (answer)force exerted by a fluid
Aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal cortex in response to:
A excessive water intake
B loss of serum potassium
C loss of sodium and water
D increased serum osmolality - (answer)C. loss of sodium and water. Rationale: responds to decrease in
plasma volume, serum sodium or renal perfusion
While caring for an 84 year old patient the nurse monitors the patients fluid and electrolyte balance,
recognizing that normal changes of aging are likely to cause.
A. hyperkalemia
B. hyponatremia
C. Decreased insensible fluid loss
D. increased plasma oncotic pressures. - (answer)B. hyponatermia. Rationale: a decrease in renin and
aldosterone and an increase in ADH and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) lead to decreased sodium
reabsorption and increased water retention by the kidney both lead to hyponatremia
A patient at risk for hypernatremia is one who
a. has a deficiency of aldosterone
b. has prolonged vomiting and diarrhea
c. receives excessive 5 % dextrose solution IV
